直流锅炉控制系统分析及仿真建模

利用STAR—90模块化仿真支撑系统对电站控制系统进行仿真建模。电站仿真机可以对电厂运行人员及管理人员进行培训和考核，使受培人员能熟练掌握机组在各种条件下的启停过程和正常运行中的监视操作技术；使受培人员的应急能力及对机组运行的综合分析能力得以提高。可利用仿真机进行机组运行方式的优化和研究；对控制系统的设计、性能分析以及现场调试都具有重要意义。     

火电机组激励式仿真系统的构建

针对目前火电机组仿真机的开发应用及现状,根据仿真机中分散控制系统(DCS)设备和功能的复制方式,提出局部激励式仿真系统新概念,并且在上海吴泾第二发电有限公司660MW火电机组的仿真机的研制过程中,构建了局部激励式仿真系统。经过两年多的运行测试,证明该仿真系统不仅能很好地满足电厂运行人员的培训要求,而且能提供热工人员对DCS进行大范围的仿真和实验手段,因此大大拓展了仿真机的培训功能,为仿真机的应用展示出新的前景。     

600MW机组仿真机的虚拟DCS系统开发

对火电机组分散控制系统（DCS）的仿真采用先进的虚拟DCS技术,这样可以在仿真机中实现对机组DCS系统中控制逻辑和控制策略的全仿真,除能对运行人员和热控人员进行培训外,还具有对真实DCS系统进行调试与优化的先进功能.以安徽平圩发电有限公司600MW机组的FOXBORO I/A Series DCS系统为虚拟对象,介绍600MW仿真机虚拟DCS的系统结构和开发过程,其中主要介绍了虚拟DCS的核心代码的实现.     

基于BLINK的DEH控制系统仿真

火电机组仿真模型按生产流程划分为锅炉设备模型、汽机设备模型、发电机设备模型和控制系统模型。仿真支撑软件对仿真机的开发、维护是至关重要的。本文以某300MW机组的DEH控制系统为例，介绍了基于Blink仿真支撑软件控制系统仿真模型的建立、调试方法及步骤，同时简要介绍了仿真支撑软件Blink的建模思想及特点，应用本文介绍的方法，在开发多台仿真机的具体实践中取得了良好的效果，缩短了仿真机的开发时间，有利于提高仿真机运行的可靠性。     

基于虚拟DCS的仿真系统的开发及应用

采用先进的虚拟DCS技术,能够在仿真机中实现电厂分散控制系统中控制策略的全仿真,具有很高的逼真度,不仅可以对运行操作人员和热控人员进行培训,而且具有对真实DCS系统进行调试与优化的功能.以平圩发电有限责任公司600MW火电机组为例,详细介绍了基于虚拟DCS的仿真机软硬件结构和实现过程,并简要介绍本系统的应用.     

超超临界百万机组仿真机开发及应用研究

本文对国华宁海电厂二期超超临界百万机组仿真机的技术方案、仿真范围、实现功能、技术特点等进行介绍。在仿真机的应用时效上,真正起到了超超临界百万机组运行人员超前培训的作用。     

火电机组仿真机的用户需求和技术监督

文章分析了仿真机用户在电力建设新形势下,除了需要对运行人员的一般培训功能,在考核评价的客观评分功能、网络资源共享、控制系统研究、多媒体技术应用、专家系统功能等方面也提出了不同程度的要求.指出了火电仿真机的开发方向.分析了当前火电机组仿真机需求的快速增长与开发能力不足的矛盾、工程质量和技术要求提高与工期要求缩短的矛盾等.引入了仿真机工程技术监督的概念,论述了仿真机工程技术监督的必要性和工程技术监督的方法,总结了工程技术监督的实践经验,对保证仿真机质量,取得了相对满意的成果.     

通用型热工控制仿真支撑平台及在600MW火电机组仿真机中的应用

介绍了一种适合于多种DCS的通用型热工控制仿真支撑平台TCSS100,并应用于扬州第二发电有限公司的600MW火电机组的全工况仿真机的开发中,实现了火电机组所有热控系统(MCS、FSSS、SCS、DEH、MEH等)的1:1仿真,实际应用表明:该仿真支撑平台具有运行效率高、实时性好、通用性和可扩展性强等优点.所开发的全工况仿真机真实再现了原型机组动、静态的运行特性,可以对运行人员和热工人员进行全面系统的培训和考核,实现了预期的目标.     

利用DCS组态的仿真机软件设计

采用火电机组实际DCS系统的流程图和控制系统组态结果开发电站培训仿真机，解决了以往仿真机与实际系统更新和跟踪的难题。本仿真机除了可以培训运行人员以外，还可以培训热工工程师的系统组态，逻辑更改以及进行实际生产现场控制策略的可行性实验等，在设计中解决了模型和实际DCS软件之间的参数传递和不同网络之间实时通讯等问题。     

基于单台PC机的DCS火电机组仿真机的开发

在基于计算机网络的培训仿真机基础上 ,集成了各个工作站的功能 ,设计出基于单台PC机的火电机组培训仿真机 ,为火电机组运行人员的个人操作培训提供一种方便的学习手段。实践证明该仿真机是正确可靠的 ,能够较好地满足火电机组运行人员自我培训的需要     

Automatic feed control of steam generator in the power unit of a nuclear power plant: Modeling and optimization

The paper presents the mathematical model of automatic feed control in the power unit of a nuclear power plant (NPP). As initial data for model design, archival information about industrial process in the power unit is used. We obtain the transfer function of a shaping filter for random signal generation with a required autocovariance function. The results of simulation studies and optimization of automatic control system’s parameters using a genetic algorithm are produced.     

Strategie for adjustment of the complete boiler control system in power units

A method for obtaining optimal controller parameters for complex designed control systems is described and applied to the parameter setting-up in a power control system of a fossil fuel fired power unit. The plant model consists of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and as performance index to be minimized a generalized quadratic index is used. The nonlinear model is linearized for each combination of search parameters for which the performance index is determined by solving a Lyapunov equation. The search is carried out in discrete parameter space axis parallel. The computed optimal values were tested by simulation runs and were verified by application to the power unit.     

Fuzzy‐Neuron Intelligent Coordination Control Fora Unit Power Plant

A novel fuzzy‐neuron intelligent coordination control method for a unit power plant is proposed in this paper. Based on the complementarity between a fuzzy controller and a neuron model‐free controller, a fuzzy‐neuron compound control method for Single‐In‐Single‐Out (SISO) systems is presented to enhance the robustness and precision of the control system. In this new intelligent control system, the fuzzy logic controller is used to speed up the transient response, and the adaptive neuron controller is used to eliminate the steady state error of the system. For the multivariable control system, the multivariable controlled plant is decoupled statically, and then the fuzzy‐neuron intelligent controller is used in each input‐output path of the decoupled plant. To the complex unit power plant, the structure of this new intelligent coordination controller is very simple and the simulation test results show that good performances such as strong robustness and adaptability, etc. are obtained. One of the outstanding advantages is that the proposed method can separate the controller design procedure and control signals from the plant model. It can be used in practice very conveniently.     

Recurrent neural network for combined economic and emission dispatch

Recently, the combined economic and emission dispatch (CEED) problem, which aims to simultaneously decrease fuel cost and reduce environmental emissions of power systems, has been a widespread concern. To improve the utilization efficiency of primary energy, combined heat and power (CHP) units are likely to play an important role in the future. The goal of this study is to propose an approach to solve the CEED problems in a CHP system which consists of eight power generators (PGs), two CHP units and one heat only unit. Owing to the existence of power loss in power transmission line and the non-convex feasible region of CHP units, the proposed problem is a nonlinear, multi-constraints, non-convex multi-objectives (MO) optimization problem. To deal with it, a recurrent neural network (RNN) combined with a novel technique is developed. It means that the feasible region is separated into two convex regions by using two binary variables to search for different regions. In the frame of the neurodynamic optimization, existence and convergence of the dynamic model are analyzed. It shows that the convergence solution obtained by RNN is the optimal solution of CEED problem. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can generate solutions efficiently.     

Modelling and dynamic simulation of a parabolic trough power plant

Investigational dynamic simulations of an existing 50 MW_el parabolic trough solar thermal power plant in Spain are carried out during clear days and slightly cloudy periods. This work is the first research, which presents a detail dynamic model of a parabolic trough power plant. Besides the thermal energy storage system and solar field, the developed model describes the heat transfer fluid and steam/water paths in detail. Advanced control circuits, including drum level, economiser water bypass, attemperator and steam bypass controllers are also included. The parabolic trough power plant is modelled using Advanced Process Simulation Software (APROS). The comparison between the simulation results and measured data is documented, showing a reliable prediction of the real behaviour of the investigated solar power plant. The validated model offers a possibility for accurate simulation of further operation processes of the real plant.     

卡琳娜循环在火电厂节能降耗中的应用研究

为了提高电厂能源利用率,针对卡琳娜动力循环技术可深度利用火电机组的烟气余热和排汽凝结热的优点,对卡琳娜动力循环技术在火电厂中的应用进行了研究。实际运行表明,在不影响电厂循环热效率的前提条件下,采用该技术可将机组输出电功率提高1%左右。     

Modelling of the whole process of a university campus CHP power plant and dynamic performance study

Combined heat and power (CHP) refers to a process/system designed to utilize the waste or residual heat from a power generation process. Thus, a CHP plant can produce both electricity and heat. The nature of such a combination makes the process more complex than any single power generation process or boiler heating system. The paper focuses on modelling study and analysis of energy efficiency of the University of Warwick micro-CHP power plant. In this CHP modelling study, a gas turbine module is built to provide driving power and methane is used as fuel gas. Heat recovery system and auxiliary boiler modules are developed for thermal power generation. All the sub-systems are validated by comparing the simulation results with the operating data collected from the CHP plant. The dynamic performance of the key CHP process outputs is studied with respect to the variation of the input syngas stream, including electricity generation, thermal power output and water output temperature. Simplified controllers are also applied to the gas engineheat recovery subsystem and auxiliary boiler. Simulation results with/without feedback control are both analyzed. The study has highlighted the key factors which influence the plant performance and suggested the strategy for potential energy efficiency improvement.     

基于增量式PID算法和逆变调功的外层空间温度环境模拟系统设计

针对外层空间温度环境模拟系统需承受高剂量辐照的要求,建立了空间温度和辐照环境模拟系统的结构模型,选用制冷机组和加热组件实现了系统加热和制冷,结合防冻液循环与气体循环的方式实现了环境模拟温箱温度远程控制和防辐照设计。将温控过程分为制冷、加热和保温3个阶段,并采用增量式PID控制算法、逆变调功方法和模糊控制方法进行控制,温控效果良好。试验结果表明,环境模拟温箱实际温变曲线与设定的温变曲线拟合良好,达到了主要技术指标,可以满足空间温度环境模拟系统的要求。