生物医用镁合金表面PLGA涂层研究

镁及镁合金作为可降解吸收生物医用材料的研究已得到关注,但与传统可降解材料相比其腐蚀降解较快,可能导致提前失效.以高纯的Mg-Zn合金为研究材料,采用浸涂提拉法在其表面得到PLGA涂层.结果表明,PLGA涂层致密均匀,耐蚀性好,降解周期长,可以有效保护镁合金在植入初期不发生腐蚀降解,延长其发挥功能的时间,达到良好的医学适用性.     

聚碳酸亚丙亚乙酯冠脉支架涂层的制备和性能

以戊二酸锌为催化剂合成可降解聚碳酸亚丙亚乙酯(PPEC,MW=229.338kDa)并首次将其作为载药涂层材料进行研究。核磁共振氢谱(1 H NMR)显示分子链中环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的贡献与原料中两者配比相同,碳酸酯段含量为76.7%。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测得玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为16.8℃。拉伸实验得到断裂伸长率为550%。衰减全反射-傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FT-IR)显示药物涂层中PPEC和雷帕霉素之间没有发生明显的化学反应。球囊扩张实验后用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察到药物涂层支架表面完整光滑,没有剥落翘起的现象。药物洗脱支架在模拟体液(PBS,pH值=7.4)中药物释放时间超过60d,速率由快变慢。实验表明PPEC作为支架涂层材料具有广阔的应用前景。     

PLGA微球包埋药物的稳定性及释放研究的新进展

乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物[ poly( lactide-co-glycolide),PLGA]是一种前景良好的可降解合成高分子材料,作为缓释给药系统的基体材料被广泛研究.这主要基于其优异的生物相容性、可调控的生物降解性,以及已被欧美药监局批准等优点.微球缓释给药可延长药物的半衰期,增加临床治疗效果,在医药行业和生物材料领域备...     

镁合金冠脉支架柔顺性能的模拟研究

柔顺性是冠脉支架很重要的一个力学性能,它决定了支架的输送性及血管内支架的适应性。利用有限元法对6种不同结构的镁合金冠状动脉支架进行模拟分析,主要研究其不同连接体结构对支架柔顺性能的影响。结果显示,在压握状态下,不同连接体结构对支架柔顺性能影响较大,其中S型支架柔顺性较好,直杆L型支架柔顺性较差;在扩张状态下,连接体和支撑体个数相同时主要取决于连接体的结构;无论是在压握状态还是扩张状态下,有圆弧形的连接体的支架柔顺性要优于直杆形连接体的支架。关于支架柔顺性能的模拟结果,为今后镁合金冠脉支架的结构优化设计和临床选择起到了指导作用。     

冠脉支架表面PLGA涂层制备及其血液相容性研究

采用静电喷涂沉积(electrospray deposition ESD)法在冠脉支架表面制备了PLGA涂层.采用OLYMPUS体式显微镜、原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了涂层宏观表面形貌及三维形貌;通过对涂层支架进行球囊扩张考察了PLGA涂层与支架的结合力;通过血小板粘附实验和动态凝血时间测定研究PLGA涂层的血液相容性.结果表明:ESD法在冠脉支架表面制备PLGA涂层,支架筋拐角处无明显的聚合物胶体缠绕、粘连且涂层表面光滑;PLGA涂层将316L不锈钢基体的微坑覆盖,基体Ra=16.174nm,PLGA涂层Ra=0.149nm,涂层表面粗糙度小;涂层支架撑开后在最大塑性变形位置无涂层撕裂、翘起等缺陷,涂层与支架有良好结合力;PLGA涂层血小板粘附量少,变形小,未引起血小板激活,动态凝血时间长,直到50min未产生凝血,PLGA涂层具有较好的血液相容性.     

聚氨酯/淀粉复合微球的制备及药物释放性能研究

采用预聚-扩链-中和-分散法合成聚氨酯(PU)水溶液,将PU与淀粉(ST)溶液按照不同质量比进行复合,采用凝聚相分离法制备PU/ST复合微球;用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微球进行表征,并以盐酸四环素为模型药物制备载药复合微球,初步研究了载药PU/ST复合微球的药物释放性能.结果表明,微球...     

冠脉支架表面载药涂层的制备和性能

采用溶液聚合法制备了改性的聚甲基丙烯酸树脂,作为支架表面载药涂层的药物载体聚合物.采用浸涂法制备了不锈钢基体表面聚合物及聚合物载药涂层,并利用红外光谱及核磁共振波谱分析了所制备共聚物的成分,并评价了物理性能、生物稳定性能以及药物的释放性能.结果表明,所制备的涂层具有较好的生物稳定性,甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸丁酯的加入提高了聚合物的物理性能,尤其是涂层与金属基体的结合力所制备的药物释放涂层具有缓释紫杉醇的功能,其释放周期超过15 d.聚甲基丙烯酸树脂携带紫杉醇的载药涂层在生物稳定性、物理性能及药物释放性能方面满足冠脉支架的表面涂层的使用要求.     

ACF/PLGA骨组织工程复合支架的制备及其性能

本文利用溶剂灌制/粒子沥滤的方法将具有较强吸附性能的活性碳纤维(activated carbon fiber,ACF)掺杂于聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid),PLGA)制备了一种新型ACF/PLGA骨组织工程复合支架。论文对比研究了纯PLGA支架以及两种ACF/PLGA支架(ACF含量为2.75%,8.26%)的结构和性能。SEM研究发现三者都具有较高的孔隙度,分别为73.5340%、75.1214%和79.8216%,且孔隙度随着ACF含量的增加逐渐增大;压汞法测得三者的孔径分布基本在50~250μm之间;研究其亲水性发现,其表面接触角随ACF含量增加逐渐减小,吸水率则逐渐增大。进一步研究发现在三种支架上种植小鼠成纤维细胞(L929),一天后细胞都较好粘附在支架上;ACF含量为8.26%的复合支架移植到小白鼠皮下组织,一月后HE切片显示支架周围组织的免疫排斥反应较小。掺杂ACF的PLGA复合支架除了具有良好的细胞粘附效果和组织相容性,相对于纯PLGA支架,还具有良好的孔径分布和亲水性,具有潜在的应用价值。     

形状记忆型水凝胶的制备及其在药物控制释放中的应用

以戊二醛为交联剂,制备了pH敏感性明胶-果胶水凝胶(GT-PT)和明胶-辛基果胶水凝胶(GT-OPT),研究了交联剂用量、温度、pH值对凝胶溶胀性能的影响及溶胀-消溶胀性能。结果表明,当温度在30～60℃时,凝胶的溶胀率随温度的升高而增大;且具有明显的pH敏感性,碱性条件下的溶胀率大于酸性条件下的溶胀率;不同pH值条件下,明胶-果胶水凝胶具有"形状记忆"功能。包埋在水凝胶中的牛血清蛋白在pH=1.0时的释药率大于pH=7.8和pH=9.18时的释药率。此类水凝胶有望用于蛋白质的pH值及温度控制释放。     

制备方法对高分子载药涂层结构和体外释放动力学的影响

分别采用浸涂法和喷涂法在316L不锈钢基体表面制备含雷帕霉素的丙烯酸树脂缓释涂层,并使用FTIR、SEM及DSC对涂层中雷帕霉素的物化状态进行了测试和分析,测试了上述两种方法制备的药物洗脱支架的体外药物释放动力学曲线,并分析了两种制备方法之间的差异.结果表明上述两种方法制备的含药涂层药物分布状态存在一定差异,药物释放速率有所不同,以浸涂法制备的含药涂层释放速率更快.     

镁合金超疏水表面的制备技术与应用研究进展

通过制备镁合金超疏水表面,可以有效减少镁合金表面与腐蚀介质的直接接触,从而提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性和防腐涂层稳定性,有助于进一步扩大镁合金在工业等领域中的应用。在简要概述固体表面润湿性的影响因素和相关理论分析的基础上,综述了国内外镁合金超疏水表面制备技术与应用的最新进展,重点归纳了粗糙表面的构建方法,探讨了各种制备方法的特点,总结了镁合金超疏水表面防腐蚀的机理,并提出了镁合金超疏水表面研究的发展方向。     

壳聚糖水凝胶的制备及其在药物释放中的应用

水凝胶作为性能良好的载体,在药物的控释、组织工程等领域有着广泛的应用。壳聚糖是一类天然的带正电荷的碱性多糖,由其形成的水凝胶具有较好的生物相容性、生物降解性、抗菌和低细胞毒性,因此,壳聚糖水凝胶有着良好的生物应用前景。本文综述了壳聚糖水凝胶的制备方法(包括物理交联法和化学交联法),在物理交联法部分着重介绍了离子化合物及聚电解质分子与壳聚糖通过离子交联形成水凝胶,以及利用分子链间的疏水作用形成壳聚糖水凝胶的方法;而在化学交联法部分介绍了合成壳聚糖水凝胶的化学手段,包括交联剂、光照辐射和酶的使用。继而概述了壳聚糖水凝胶在药物缓释应用方面的研究进展,包括温度、pH值和电场响应的药物控释体系。最后展望了壳聚糖水凝胶未来的发展前景。     

气相沉积膜层在镁合金表面改性中的应用

综述了气相沉积膜层的特性、制备技术的发展及其在镁合金表面改性中的应用,重点介绍了利用PVD和CVD技术在镁合金表面沉积保护性膜层的研究现状,并指出气相沉积膜层是传统电化学镀层的良好替代物,在镁合金表面改性中具有广阔的应用前景.     

镁合金表面磷化膜组织结构与性能的研究

镁合金表面处理已成为镁合金领域的一个研究热点,而磷化又是镁合金表面处理的一个重要方向.采用一种典型磷化液和磷化工艺在镁合金表面成功制备出磷化膜,重点对其组织结构和耐蚀性能进行了研究.发现磷化膜不同微区的组织结构存在一定差异,磷化膜的耐蚀性能与磷化膜的微区化学组成有关.     

Porosity and Corrosion Properties of Electrolyte Plasma Coatings on Magnesium Alloys

It is shown that oxide-ceramic coatings on magnesium alloys are, in general, characterized by high corrosion resistance depending on the porosity of the coating. The surface topology of oxide-ceramic coatings on IMV2 and VMD10 alloys is studied to reveal discontinuities by using special procedures of immersion and electrochemical deposition. Craters detected as a specific feature of the topology of the coatings and not always through and, in this case, they do not affect the corrosion resistance of the alloys. Isolated pores are formed, most often around the craters, in the process of oxidation under the action of high thermal stresses. On the basis of the comparative analysis of various materials and corrosive media, it is possible to make a conclusion that the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys with oxide-ceramic coatings in acid media is mainly determined by the chemical composition of the alloy. At the same time, in neutral media, it is determined by the porosity of the coatings.__________Published in Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 13–17, September–October, 2004.     

Drug Release and Surface Morphology Studies on Salbutamol Controlled Release Pellets

The air suspension technique was employed to prepare controlled release pellets of Salbutamol (as the sulphate). The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of various film coating additives on the release characteristics and surface morphology features of salbutamol sulphate pellets coated with Eudragit^R RS30D which is the aqueous dispersion of a polymer synthesised from acrylic and methacrylic acid esters. Surface morphology features, which were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy, revealed that triethyl citrate (plasticiser) was essential for the coalescence of polymeric membranes around the drug-loaded spheres. Higher concentrations (12.5%) of triethyl citrate displayed a more uniform and continuous polymer film resulting in a slower in vitro drug release. Micrographs of the cross-sections of pellets with higher concentrations of Eudragit^R RS30D indicated the formation of thicker polymer membranes which accounted for the slower drug release rates. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) inclusion in the polymer film coating increased salbutamol release rates due to its hydrophilic nature which promoted the formation of pores and cracks on the polymer films. A slower in vitro release of salbutamol was observed with higher concentrations of the hydrophobic anti-tackiness agent, magnesium stearate. The addition of salbutamol sulphate powder to the polymer dispersion enhanced drug release rates due to increased film permeability. Polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200) resulted in an increased in vitro drug release due to both its water soluble nature as well as impairment of film formation attributed to too high a plasticiser content in the coating formulation. As compared to polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG 300) as a plasticiser, triethyl citrate retarded drug release to a greater extent and formed more homogeneous and compact polymer films. The moisture content of PEG 300 plasticised pellets showed a 0.6% increase in moisture content while triethyl citrate plasticised pellets displayed a loss of 0.01% moisture 8 weeks after storage at room temperature.     

镁合金表面化学转化膜的研究进展

综述了镁合金表面化学转化处理的方法,包括铬酸盐转化、磷酸盐-高锰酸盐转化、氟锆酸转化、锡酸盐转化、磷酸盐转化、稀土转化、钼/钨酸盐转化、钴酸盐转化、有机物转化等,并展望了其发展前景.     

镁及其合金表面防护性涂层国外研究进展

综述了近年来国外镁及其合金表面防护性涂层的研究进展,其中包括化学转化涂层、阳极氧化膜层、镀层(电镀、化学镀)、扩散膜层、激光表面合金改性层、气相沉积层及有机涂层等在镁合金基体上的应用情况,分析了其各自的利弊,并对镁合金表面防护技术的发展方向进行了展望.     

Preparation and Preliminary Evaluation of Eudragit RL and RS Pseudolatices for Controlled Drug Release

Eudragit RL and RS pseudolatices were prepared by the solvent change technique, which consisted of dissolving the polymer in a water miscible organic solvent or in a mixed water miscible organic solvent system, followed by dispersian in deionized water under mild agitation. The organic solvent (s) was removed from the aqueous organic solution to leave a stable Eudragit latex.

Eudragit pseudolatex coated theophylline pellets were prepared in a fluidized-bed coating machine. The effects of polymer type and coating level, plasticizer concentration, and PH of the dissolution medium on drug release were investigated. The higher content of quaternary ammonium groups attached to the polymer backbone make the coatings produced from Eudragit RL too water sensitive; and hence unsuitable for controlling theophylline release. On the other hand, Eudragit RS films retarded theophylline release. On the other hand, Eudragit RS films retarded theophylline release over a wide pH range. Release of the drug was found to be a function of the polymer coating level, plasticizer concentration and dependent on pH of the dissolution medium.