共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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T. Wada H. Nagata H. Ikeda Y. Arai M. Ohno K. Nagase 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2012,167(5-6):602-608
We are developing low power cryogenic readout integrated circuits (ROICs) for large format far-infrared image sensors using fully-depleted-silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) CMOS technology. We have evaluated the characteristics of MOS FETs fabricated by the FD-SOI CMOS technology and have found that both p-ch and n-ch FETs show good static performance below the liquid helium temperature, where n-ch FETs fabricated by conventional bulk-CMOS technology usually suffer from anomalous behaviors such as kink and hysteresis. We have also designed and fabricated an operational amplifier (OP-AMP) and have successfully demonstrated that the OP-AMP works at the liquid helium temperature with an open loop gain of 7000 and a power consumption of 1.3 μW. The noise is dominated by mainly 1/f and has a value of at?1?Hz. 相似文献
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Logarithmic CMOS image sensors are appealing for their high-contrast and high-speed response but they require postprocessing to achieve high-quality images. Previously published work has explained the fixed pattern noise (FPN) in these image sensors using a steady-state analysis. This paper explains how the transient response of the readout circuit may also contribute to FPN. Thus, the performance of these CMOS cameras may be optimized with a proper understanding of the transient response, which is explained here through modeling and simulation with some experimental validation. In particular, the gain variation of a logarithmic camera is shown to be caused primarily by premature digitization. As logarithmic and linear active pixel sensors use similar circuits, some results in this paper, e.g., an analysis of readout capacitance, apply equally to the latter. 相似文献
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《IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement》2009,58(8):2503-2511
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CCD和CMOS图像传感器的异同剖析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
不管是在静止图像还是在运动图像领域,所采用的图像传感器不外乎CCD和CMOS两种,文章首先介绍了两种传感器的工艺结构和工作特点,然后给出了二者在制造工艺及性能参数等方面的主要差异,其中对两种传感器光敏单元的作用和能否实现片上系统方面作了重点强调。 相似文献
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N. A. Ivanov O. V. Lobanov V. V. Pashuk M. O. Prygunov K. G. Sizova 《Technical Physics Letters》2018,44(11):973-975
The distribution of pixels with high-value dark current in CMOS image sensors irradiated by protons with the energy of 1000 MeV and neutrons with a continuous spectrum simulating the energy spectrum of atmospheric neutrons is explored. Data on generation of spike clusters in the irradiated sensors and the exposure time influence on the cluster parameters are obtained. 相似文献
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Deep neural network has proven to be very effective in computer vision fields. Deep convolutional network can learn the most suitable features of certain images without specific measure functions and outperform lots of traditional image processing methods. Generative adversarial network (GAN) is becoming one of the highlights among these deep neural networks. GAN is capable of generating realistic images which are imperceptible to the human vision system so that the generated images can be directly used as intermediate medium for many tasks. One promising application of using GAN generated images would be image concealing which requires the embedded image looks like not being tampered to human vision system and also undetectable to most analyzers. Texture synthesizing has drawn lots of attention in computer vision field and is used for image concealing in steganography and watermark. The traditional methods which use synthesized textures for information hiding mainly select features and mathematic functions by human metrics and usually have a low embedding rate. This paper takes advantage of the generative network and proposes an approach for synthesizing complex texture-like image of arbitrary size using a modified deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN), and then demonstrates the feasibility of embedding another image inside the generated texture while the difference between the two images is nearly invisible to the human eyes. 相似文献
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De Marcellis A. Depari A. Ferri G. Flammini A. Marioli D. Stornelli V. Taroni A. 《IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement》2008,57(8):1596-1604
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We report on the optical properties of plasmonic hole arrays as they apply to requirements for plasmonic color filters designed for state-of-the-art Si CMOS image sensors. The hole arrays are composed of hexagonally packed subwavelength sized holes on a 150 nm Al film designed to operate at the primary colors of red, green, and blue. Hole array plasmonic filters show peak transmission in the 40-50% range for large (>5 × 5 μm(2)) size filters and maintain their filtering function for pixel sizes as small as ~1 × 1 μm(2), albeit at a cost in transmission efficiency. Hole array filters are found to robust with respect to spatial crosstalk between pixel within our detection limit and preserve their filtering function in arrays containing random defects. Analysis of hole array filter transmittance and crosstalk suggests that nearest neighbor hole-hole interactions rather than long-range interactions play the dominant role in the transmission properties of plasmonic hole array filters. We verify this via a simple nearest neighbor model that correctly predicts the hole array transmission efficiency as a function of the number of holes. 相似文献
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We have analyzed two options of using hybrid CMOS/nanodevice circuits with area-distributed (CMOL) interface for the low-level image processing tasks, on the simplest example of 2-D image convolution with a sizable filter window. The first option is to use digital, DSP-like circuits based on a reconfigurable CMOL fabric, while the second one is based on mixed-signal CMOL circuits with the analog presentation of input and output data and the binary presentation of the filter function. Estimates of the circuit performance have been carried out for the 45-nm CMOS technology and the 4.5-nm nanowire half-pitch, and the power consumption fixed at a manageable, ITRS-specified level. In the digital case, the circuit area per pixel is about 25times25 , and the time necessary for convolving a 1024times1024-pixel, 12-bit-accurate image with a 3232-pixel window function of similar accuracy is close to 25 , much shorter than that estimated for purely CMOS circuits with the same minimum feature size on 45 nm. For a mixed-signal CMOL circuit, the corresponding numbers are much better ( ~1 mum2 and 1mus, respectively), but this option requires a very high (~1%) reproducibility of on currents of the necessary crosspoint devices (programmable diodes), which has not yet been reached experimentally. 相似文献
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天文导航方法已经成为深空探测必备的导航方法.为了实现对深空探测器的姿态控制,必须准确知道深空探测器当前时刻的姿态.根据深空探测器机载的两个星敏感器跟踪两颗选定的已知恒星,测量出当前时刻相对初始时刻这两个恒星星光矢量在深空探测器机体坐标系中的角度变化量,通过姿态变换矩阵转换和公式推导,给出了确定深空探测器当前时刻姿态角的解析算法,从而为探测器的姿态控制提供准确的姿态数据.通过仿真结果验证了此方法的正确性和有效性. 相似文献
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With the development of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs), the
extracted features for image recognition tasks have shifted from low-level features to the
high-level semantic features of DCNNs. Previous studies have shown that the deeper the
network is, the more abstract the features are. However, the recognition ability of deep
features would be limited by insufficient training samples. To address this problem, this
paper derives an improved Deep Fusion Convolutional Neural Network (DF-Net) which
can make full use of the differences and complementarities during network learning and
enhance feature expression under the condition of limited datasets. Specifically, DF-Net
organizes two identical subnets to extract features from the input image in parallel, and
then a well-designed fusion module is introduced to the deep layer of DF-Net to fuse the
subnet’s features in multi-scale. Thus, the more complex mappings are created and the
more abundant and accurate fusion features can be extracted to improve recognition
accuracy. Furthermore, a corresponding training strategy is also proposed to speed up the
convergence and reduce the computation overhead of network training. Finally, DF-Nets
based on the well-known ResNet, DenseNet and MobileNetV2 are evaluated on
CIFAR100, Stanford Dogs, and UECFOOD-100. Theoretical analysis and experimental
results strongly demonstrate that DF-Net enhances the performance of DCNNs and
increases the accuracy of image recognition. 相似文献
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《IEEE sensors journal》2006,6(5):1126-1133
Heat-flux sensors are widely used in thermal and heat-transfer engineering applications. Commercial heat-flux sensors currently available for harsh environments, however, remain limited due to complications in positioning/attaching the sensor onto the component, the inability to operate at high temperatures, and potentially altering or degrading the engineering device by the physical presence of the sensor. In this paper, heat-flux sensors have been fabricated for the first time entirely by using a thermal-spray technology. The sensors are fabricated directly onto engineering surfaces and consist of five to seven thermocouples arranged electrically in series and thermally in parallel, such that the heat flux is measured normal to the surface, on which the sensor resides. Devices are tested under both steady-state and transient conditions at temperatures up to 100$^circhboxC$ . They exhibit a very good linearity between the heat flux and voltage output. Analytical modeling of the steady-state and transient responses is also presented and compared to experimental results. If successful, thermal-spray heat-flux sensors could represent a significant enabling technology for heat-flux sensing at high temperatures, in harsh environments, and in embedded sensor applications. 相似文献
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装配是高性能精密微小器件或产品制造过程中的关键环节,由于零件及其关键结构的尺寸微小,微小装配必然是基于传感器与测量技术的精密装配。在微小零件装配过程中,需要精确测量待装配零件之间的相对位置和姿态的偏差,控制配合零件之间的接触力或接触状态。首先对用于精密微小装配的传感器技术进行了概述;然后结合精密微小装配中的应用需求,对机器视觉、力觉等主要传感器与测量技术进行了综述,并分析了精密测量与装配控制的技术与方法,旨在对精密装配相关的技术开发、装配设备研制提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献