归脾汤对果蝇寿命的影响及抗氧化研究

本文对归脾汤进行抗氧化及防衰老的研究。以果蝇为动物模型,方法 15 d龄果蝇饲喂归脾汤20 d后处死,测定其的过氧化氧酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果实验组浓度组的雌蝇SOD活性上升,雄蝇MDA含量降低,雄蝇CAT活力升高,与对照组相比差异有显著性;给药组的雌雄果蝇与对照组比较可延长平均寿命和平均最高寿命。结论:归脾汤可以抑制脂质过氧化,提高抗氧化能力,延长果蝇寿命。     

Zn2+对铅中毒果蝇生育力、寿命及抗氧化能力的影响

以果蝇为实验动物,探讨了不同浓度的Zn~(2+)对铅中毒果蝇生育力和寿命的影响,并以SOD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量为指标评价其抗氧化能力。结果表明,1.0×10~(-3) g·mL~(-1) Zn~(2+)对铅中毒果蝇的生育力有较好的促进作用,能消减对雄性果蝇生殖细胞的毒害作用;对铅中毒果蝇的寿命也有明显的延长作用;同时减缓了铅中毒果蝇体内SOD和CAT活性的降低,降低了MDA含量,提高了铅中毒果蝇的抗氧化能力。     

山药多糖的抗衰老作用研究

目的:以果蝇为动物模型,对山药多糖进行抗氧化防衰老的研究。方法:给30d龄果蝇饲喂山药多糖10d后处死,测定果蝇匀浆的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氧酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:各山药多糖浓度组的雌蝇SOD活性上升,雄蝇MDA含量降低,雄蝇CAT活力升高,与对照组相比差异有显著性;3mg/100g浓度组雌雄果蝇与对照组比较可延长平均寿命和平均最高寿命。结论:山药多糖可以提高果蝇的抗氧化能力,抑制脂质过氧化,延长果蝇寿命。     

紫甘蓝花青素的浸提工艺及稳定性研究

采用400 W超声辅助提取紫甘蓝花青素,考察提取剂浓度、料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间的影响。实验表明紫甘蓝花青素的最佳工艺条件:料液比为1∶10 g/m L,浸提温度为50℃,浸提时间为20 min和30%乙醇水溶液。并研究了温度、光照和氧化剂对紫甘蓝花青素稳定性的影响。     

紫甘蓝花青素的浸提工艺及稳定性研究

采用400 W超声辅助提取紫甘蓝花青素,考察提取剂浓度、料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间的影响。实验表明紫甘蓝花青素的最佳工艺条件:料液比为1∶10 g/m L,浸提温度为50℃,浸提时间为20 min和30%乙醇水溶液。并研究了温度、光照和氧化剂对紫甘蓝花青素稳定性的影响。     

紫甘蓝色素的提取及稳定性的研究

紫甘蓝色素的提取及稳定性的研究刘敬兰（河北师大石家庄０５００１６）陈连文，李惠荔（河北经贸大学石家庄０５００６１）随着人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对色素的需求量越来越大，对色素的质量要求越来越高。食用色素有天然提取和人工合成两大类。天然色素质地纯正，...     

传统水浴提取紫甘蓝红色素动力学研究

本文通过分析传统水浴提取紫甘蓝红色素的传质机理,建立了提取过程中紫甘蓝红色素得率与各工艺条件的动力学模型。经验证,所建立的动力学理论模型与实测数据相吻合,可良好地模拟色素提取过程,用于指导工业生产。     

紫甘蓝花色苷最优提取工艺条件研究

本文采用溶剂浸提法提取紫甘蓝花色苷,通过单因素实验和正交实验,以浸提液吸光度A为考察指标,对影响花色苷提取效果的各因素进行了研究。结果表明,各因素对紫甘蓝花色苷提取效果的影响程度依次为:浸提次数浸提温度乙醇浓度料液比浸提时间;紫甘蓝花色苷的最优提取工艺条件为以60%的乙醇水溶液为浸提剂,料液比1∶75(g∶ml),在80℃下恒温提取80min,提取2次。     

紫甘蓝色素染桑蚕丝织物试验研究

天然紫甘蓝色素是矢车菊类花色苷,目前主要用于食品着色。以紫甘蓝色素为染料,用直接法、媒染法对蚕丝纤维进行了染色试验。依据染色深度效果,对染色方案进行了正交试验优化,确定了较适合的染色方案。直接染色法最佳染色工艺：T=100℃,pH=4,NaCl=5g/L,染料浓度=5X／5;△E^＊=58．31。媒染法染色最佳条件：T=80℃,pH=4,owf％=8,拧绞次数=6,△E^＊=56．54。     

孔雀草精油成分及其抑菌效果研究

针对观赏植物孔雀草应用范围窄,缺少深加工途径,经济附加值低的问题,通过蒸馏法提取其精油,并通过气质联用仪对精油组成进行了分析,鉴定出81种物质,占总峰面积的86.6%,大部分为萜类物质。精油主要成分为萜品油烯、3-甲基-6-(1-甲基乙亚基)环己-2-烯-1-酮、右旋柠檬烯、反式-β-罗勒烯、(Z)-罗勒烯酮、(E)-罗勒烯酮、石竹烯、胡椒酮,物质组成表明孔雀草精油具有增香、抑菌能力。利用菌落计数法验证了孔雀草精油的抑菌能力,结果表明孔雀草精油对埃希氏大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及伤寒沙门氏菌生长有抑制作用。     

Genes and Longevity of Lifespan

Aging is a complex process indicated by low energy levels, declined physiological activity, stress induced loss of homeostasis leading to the risk of diseases and mortality. Recent developments in medical sciences and an increased availability of nutritional requirements has significantly increased the average human lifespan worldwide. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to the aging process. However, about 40% human life expectancy is inherited among generations, many lifespan associated genes, genetic mechanisms and pathways have been demonstrated during last decades. In the present review, we have evaluated many human genes and their non-human orthologs established for their role in the regulation of lifespan. The study has included more than fifty genes reported in the literature for their contributions to the longevity of life. Intact genomic DNA is essential for the life activities at the level of cell, tissue, and organ. Nucleic acids are vulnerable to oxidative stress, chemotherapies, and exposure to radiations. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity, damaged DNA is not replicated and transferred to next generations rather the presence of deleterious DNA initiates signaling cascades leading to the cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. DNA modifications, DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation and DNA damage can eventually lead towards apoptosis. The importance of calorie restriction therapy in the extension of lifespan has also been discussed. The role of pathways involved in the regulation of lifespan such as DAF-16/FOXO (forkhead box protein O1), TOR and JNK pathways has also been particularized. The study provides an updated account of genetic factors associated with the extended lifespan and their interactive contributory role with cellular pathways.     

磷矿浮选中矿浆温度对增效作用的影响

对磷灰石、石英混合矿和王集磷矿进行了浮选试验．结果表明：增效剂（Tween80、SDBS）在低温条件下对脂肪酸类捕收剂有增效作用,而高温时,会降低捕收剂的捕收性能。对其机理进行了探讨,为磷矿低温条件下有效浮选提出了一条新途径。     

胺苯黄隆除草剂防除油菜田杂草的效果和安全性研究初报

吡氯乙草灵（ｈａｌｏｘｙｆｏｐ）在油菜田推广应用数年后，阔叶杂草发展成为主要草害。１９９３￣１９９４年用胺苯黄隆进行防除试验，对阔叶草和草子叶草的防效，显著地优于吡氟乙草灵。试验表明，以有效成分每公顷１５克或２２．５克，于１２月１２日￣１月２６日使用，对油菜和后竹单季晚稻，是安全的。     

Effect of Heavy Metals in Plants of the Genus Brassica

Several species from the Brassica genus are very important agricultural crops in different parts of the world and are also known to be heavy metal accumulators. There have been a large number of studies regarding the tolerance, uptake and defense mechanism in several of these species, notably Brassica juncea and B. napus, against the stress induced by heavy metals. Numerous studies have also been published about the capacity of these species to be used for phytoremediation purposes but with mixed results. This review will focus on the latest developments in the study of the uptake capacity, oxidative damage and biochemical and physiological tolerance and defense mechanisms to heavy metal toxicity on six economically important species: B. juncea, B. napus, B. oleracea, B. carinata, B. rapa and B. nigra.     

马齿苋茎部提取物对双酚A的降解效应研究

大量研究证明:双酚A(BPA)具有环境雌激素作用,极低剂量摄取就能破坏人体的内分泌系统,已成为一种全球性污染物。文章以2mL蒸馏水比1g马齿苋茎部的比例浸提其活性物质,用于双酚A的生物降解。研究了样品中双酚A的初始浓度、光照、透析等因素对马齿苋茎部提取物降解双酚A的影响。实验结果显示:在连续光照及透析条件下,20mLBPA中加入1mL茎汁降解时获得的效果较好,浓度为5mg/L、10mg/L的双酚A在24h内可完全降解,40mg/L的双酚A降解率达到67%。     

Genetic Regulation of Physiological Reproductive Lifespan and Female Fertility

There is substantial genetic variation for common traits associated with reproductive lifespan and for common diseases influencing female fertility. Progress in high-throughput sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of common genetic risk factors for complex traits and diseases influencing reproductive lifespan and fertility. The data emerging from GWAS demonstrate the utility of genetics to explain epidemiological observations, revealing shared biological pathways linking puberty timing, fertility, reproductive ageing and health outcomes. The observations also identify unique genetic risk factors specific to different reproductive diseases impacting on female fertility. Sequencing in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) have identified mutations in a large number of genes while GWAS have revealed shared genetic risk factors for POI and ovarian ageing. Studies on age at menopause implicate DNA damage/repair genes with implications for follicle health and ageing. In addition to the discovery of individual genes and pathways, the increasingly powerful studies on common genetic risk factors help interpret the underlying relationships and direction of causation in the regulation of reproductive lifespan, fertility and related traits.     

基于BP神经网络算法的聚乙烯管材寿命预测

通过分析聚乙烯管材在实际应用中寿命的影响因素,选取其中可控因素加以分析及相关性预测。以MATLAB计算软件为平台,根据具体试验建立寿命预测模型,参考试验变量设计模型可变因素。实验设计部分,以静液压实验为基础,选取实验温度、实验用水有效氯含量以及实验压力作为3因素变量进行静液压实验,共进行实验192组次,试验样品384个,模拟聚乙烯管材在输配水系统中的实际使用。在建模过程中,进行神经网络学习后,对所建模网络进行训练,然后对其中所选择的3因素变量BP神经网络疲劳方程模型进行寿命预测。结果表明,BP神经网络计算出聚乙烯管材的使用寿命具有科学性,运行后的网络模型概率学上拟合优度R2为0.87;预测结果相对于聚乙烯管材的通常算法具有计算简洁、样本可扩充、模型阀值及权重可自行更改等一系列优势。