PFF与PUF热稳定性及燃烧性能研究

制备了酚醛泡沫和聚氨酯泡沫，并研究了酚醛硬泡与聚氨酯硬泡的热稳定性及燃烧性能。结果表明：和聚氨酯泡沫比较，酚醛泡沫的热失重小，热释放速率和热释放总量低。因此酚醛泡沫的热稳定性和阻燃性能明显优于聚氨酯泡沫。     

聚碳酸酯二元醇改性的聚氨酯微孔泡沫的研制

将聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)作为配方组分,采用直接添加和将PCDL与异氰酸酯合成预聚体后再添加的不同工艺,制备了聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯微孔泡沫,并分别与普通聚氨酯微孔泡沫进行了对比.结果表明,聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯微孔泡沫的力学性能比普通聚氨酯微孔泡沫有所提高;PCDL预聚体制备的聚氨酯微孔泡沫材料耐热老化性能最佳.     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫质量通病及其防治

硬质聚氨酯泡沫经常出现组合聚醚和异氰酸酯混合后不发泡、硬质聚氨酯泡沫收缩、硬质聚氨酯泡沫酥脆、硬质聚氨酯泡沫太软，熟化过慢、硬质聚氨酯泡沫塌泡、硬质聚氨酯泡沫开裂或中心发焦（烧心）等质量通病，影响制品的性能和使用。本文对硬质聚氨酯泡沫质量通病产生的原因以及防治措施进行了简略分析。     

聚氨酯泡沫技术以及应用的最新进展

1,引言众所周知,聚氨酯在人们日常生活中应用十分广泛。在全球聚氨酯的应用中,软质泡沫和硬质泡沫占总     

药用香料聚氨酯泡沫的试制及应用

本文主要提出了生产药用香料聚氨酯泡沫的工艺配方及试制方法,论述了香精对聚氨酯泡沫成形工艺的影响,定香剂对留香时间的控制,药用香料泡沫的药理作用及其应用。     

聚氨酯在建筑外墙保温材料的应用

本文主要介绍了聚氨酯泡沫保温材料的优点,阐述了聚氨酯泡沫板、喷涂聚氨酯保温体系、浇注聚氨酯保温体系的特点。     

醇-磷酸酯法降解废旧聚氨酯的研究

选用不同的降解剂,采用醇-磷酸酯法降解废旧聚氨酯泡沫,对降解产物进行性能测试。结果表明：以一缩二乙二醇和磷酸三正丁酯为降解剂降解聚氨酯软质泡沫效果较好。以降解产物作为部分原料制备聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料体,对其性能测试并与不加降解产物制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫体比较,结果表明：降解产物作为部分原料对聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的性能影响不大。     

聚氨酯泡沫材料与聚苯乙烯泡沫材料在室内设计中的应用对比

对聚氨酯泡沫材料与聚苯乙烯泡沫材料在室内设计中的应用进行对比。结果表明:随着密度的增加,聚氨酯泡沫材料和聚苯乙烯泡沫材料的压缩强度均逐渐提高,当两种材料密度相同时,聚氨酯泡沫材料的压缩强度略低于聚苯乙烯泡沫材料;随着密度的增加,聚苯乙烯泡沫材料的导热率逐渐增大,聚氨酯泡沫材料的导热率先减小后增大。采用一氟三氯甲烷作为聚氨酯泡沫材料的发泡剂,其导热率明显低于聚苯乙烯泡沫材料,在保温效果上优势显著。当处于相同的吸水条件,聚氨酯泡沫的保温性能更优异。仿真分析表明,使用聚氨酯泡沫材料较聚苯乙烯泡沫材料的节能效果更明显。     

二氯甲烷在软质聚氨酯泡沫生产中的应用

介绍了用二氯甲烷替代氟里昂生产聚氨酯泡沫塑料的方法，并对两种发泡剂生产的聚氨酯泡沫的性能和经济效益进行了比较。     

PU前沿

废弃硬质聚氨酯泡沫做节能建筑外衣；GE软质聚氨酯泡沫添加剂新品上市；聚氨酯应用照明领域媲美白炽灯；聚氨酯硬泡养护古树名木；新型导电聚氨酯泡沫塑料性能优异……     

Development of a rigid polyurethane foam from palm oil

The reactions between polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (polymeric MDI) and conventional polyols to produce foamed polyurethane products are well documented and published. Current polyurethane foams are predominantly produced from these reactions whereby the polyol components are usually obtained from petrochemical processes. This article describes a new development in polyurethane foam technology whereby a renewable source of polyol derived from refined–bleached–deodorized (RBD) palm oil is used to produce polyurethane foams. Using very basic foam formulation, rigid polyurethane foams were produced with carbon dioxide as the blowing agent generated from the reaction between excess polymeric MDI with water. The foams produced from this derivatized RBD palm oil have densities in excess of 200 kg/m³ and with compression strengths greater than 1 MPa. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 509–515, 1998     

软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料难燃化技术

分析了软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的难燃化技术 ,重点讨论了影响泡沫体阻燃性能的因素 ,认为理想的阻燃处理方法和配方应该是在材料各项性能间寻求最佳的综合平衡 ,同时根据材料的具体使用要求确定其合理的阻燃级别     

Synergistic effects of hydroxides and dimethyl methylphosphonate on rigid halogen‐free and flame‐retarding polyurethane foams

Rigid halogen‐free and flame‐retarding polyurethane foams are prepared with aluminum hydroxide, brucite, and DMMP. The effects of the hydroxides and DMMP on the foaming process and flame retarding properties of the foams are investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, and X‐ray powder diffraction. The thermal stability of the rigid polyurethane foams is close to that of the hydroxide fillers, with aluminum hydroxide providing better flammability performance than brucite. The hydroxide fillers and DMMP play a synergistic role in the rigid polyurethane foams and the limiting oxygen indices are up to 28.4% and 32.4%, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Engineered polysaccharide alpha-1,3 glucan as isocyanate-reactive component in viscoelastic polyurethane foams

Enzymatic polymerization is emerging as scalable method to convert sucrose to engineered polysaccharides. Polymer architecture and material properties can be controlled selectively to produce novel differentiated biomaterials. One first example for such an engineered polysaccharide is alpha-1,3-polyglucose (alpha-1,3-glucan) synthesized using glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes. Stable dispersions of alpha-1,3-glucan in polyether polyols were prepared with narrow particle size distributions, which are reactive with isocyanate allowing for covalent bonding to the hard segment of the polyurethane polymer matrix. This study further explored the use of alpha-1,3-glucan (PS) in the preparation of viscoelastics (VE) polyurethane foams. The introduction of alpha-1,3-glucan into the polyurethane polymer matrix was found to increase the load-bearing properties of VE foams without impacting the density. Other key performance properties of VE foams were effectively unchanged, including resilience, tensile, and tear strength. Cell size and morphology were also unaffected. The glass transition of these VE foams was not impacted; however, the overall thermal dimensional stability was improved as considerable reduction in compression set was observed. The results of this study indicated that alpha-1,3-glucan disperses in polyether polyols to improve performance characteristics of the VE foams, as well as other flexible polyurethane foams properties.     

飞机座椅垫用聚氨酯软质泡沫发展现状及适航标准

简述了飞机座椅用聚氨酯软质泡沫的发展现状及阻燃聚氨酯软泡的研究进展,展望了用于飞机座椅的聚氨酯材料的市场和前景。详细介绍了美国联邦航空局(FAA)及空中客车公司适用于飞机座椅垫的适航标准。     

Thermogravimetric and qualitative analysis of thermal decomposition characteristics of polyurethane foams based on polyols with carbamide or oxamide and borate groups

The thermal stability and the kinds of products of thermal decomposition of polyurethane foams modified with urea or oxamide and borate groups were studied. Incorporation of urea or oxamide groups and borate groups enhances the thermal stability of polyurethane foams compared to polyurethane foams based on typical polyols. Thermal stability of foams modified with oxamide groups is somewhat higher that of foams modified with urea groups. In turn, simultaneous incorporation of borate groups results in an increase in thermal stability of the foams modified with urea. The temperature of thermal decomposition of the foams with oxamide and borate groups does not change or undergoes a slight decrease. The thermal degradation products of investigated foams are similar and they are usually water, ammonia, carbon dioxide and/or nitrous oxide. Additionally, hydrogen cyanide can be released during thermal decomposition of polyurethane foams modified with urea groups. The presence of borate groups prevents the formation of hydrogen cyanide. The opposite situation is observed in the case of the foams modified with oxamide and borate groups. Thus, from the point of view of a fire hazard, the use of the foams modified with urea and borate groups is safer. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and characterization of water‐blown polyurethane foams from liquefied cornstalk polyol

Polyurethane foams were prepared from the liquefied cornstalk polyol, which was obtained by the liquefaction of cornstalk in the presence of polyhydric alcohols using sulfuric acid as catalyst. The advisable liquefaction reaction conditions were selected by investigating their influences on the properties of liquefied cornstalk polyol, taking account of the requirement for the preparation of appropriate polyurethane foams. The influences of the contents of catalysts, water, surfactant, and isocyanate on the properties of polyurethane foams were also discussed, and feasible formulations for preparing cornstalk‐based polyurethane foams were proposed. The results indicated that the foams prepared from such liquefied cornstalk polyol exhibited excellent mechanical properties and thermal properties, and could be used as heat‐insulating materials. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

脂肪族聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯软泡性能的影响因素

以自制的脂肪族聚碳酸亚乙酯二元醇和液化MDI为主要原料,制备了聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯软泡,并对发泡剂、异氰酸酯、稳定剂用量及操作工艺等对泡沫体性能的影响进行了讨论。结果表明,通过调节发泡剂、异氰酸酯、稳定剂用量等,可以得到密度在8~80kg/m3之间、压缩强度在10~108kPa之间的聚氨酯软泡。     

线性富磷化阻燃剂在聚氨酯泡沫中的应用研究

通过界面聚合法合成了一种线性富磷化阻燃剂(LPRFR),将LPRFR与可膨胀石墨(EG)复配制备了阻燃聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF),使用红外光谱分析仪、核磁共振分析仪对阻燃剂LPRFR的化学结构进行了表征,并通过极限氧指数仪、锥形量热仪、扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱分析仪对RPUF的燃烧性能、微观形貌和化学结构进行了分析。结果表明,仅10%(质量分数,下同)的LPRFR与8%EG复配后,RPUF的极限氧指数(LOI)便达到26.1%;LPRFR和EG能大幅降低RPUF的热释放速率,并提高基体的成炭能力;LPRFR参与了燃烧过程中的成炭反应,形成了含P—O—C及P=O结构的高质量炭层,有效隔绝了氧气和热量;LPRFR是一种对于聚氨酯泡沫阻燃性能优异的新型阻燃剂。     

以生物质为原料制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研究进展

主要介绍了目前国内外利用淀粉、松香、植物油、纤维素、木质素等生物质原料用于合成聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研究进展。以生物质替代石化原料,可以改善聚氨酯泡沫塑料生物降解性等性能,可降低产品生产成本,提高市场竞争力。