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Jagadeesh Kakarla Banshidhar Majhi Ramesh Battula 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2016,29(18):2604-2621
In this paper, a delay and energy aware coordination mechanism (DEACM) has been devised for wireless sensor–actor networks. In DEACM, a two‐level hierarchical K‐hop clustering mechanism is used to organize the sensors and actors for communication. In the first level, sensors form a K‐hop cluster using actors as cluster heads, and sink is made as the cluster head in the second level to form a cluster among actors. Sensor nodes, which are 1‐hop away from the actors, also called as relay nodes are elected as backup cluster head (BCH) based on the residual energy and node degree. BCH collects the data from sensors when an actor is away to perform actions in the affected area. The scheme is evaluated through exhaustive simulation in NS2 along with other existing schemes. Different parameters like average event waiting time, event reliability, and average energy dissipation are compared, varying the number of sensors, actors, and data transfer rate. In general, it is observed that the proposed DEACM outperforms other existing schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Jagadeesh Kakarla Banshidhar Majhi Ramesh Babu Battula 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2016,29(4):801-822
In this paper, we discuss an interference aware multichannel MAC (IAMMAC) protocol assign channels for communication in wireless sensor‐actor networks. An actor acts as a cluster head for k‐hop sensors and computes the shortest path for all the sensors. Then, the actor partitions the cluster into multiple subtrees and assigns a noninterference channel to each subtree. The actor 1‐hop sensors are represented as relay nodes. The actor selects a relay node as a backup cluster head (BCH) based on the residual energy and node degree. After selecting a BCH from the relay nodes, the actor broadcast this information to the remaining relay nodes using the common control channel. The relay sensors use the same channel of BCH to communicate with it. However, the other cluster members do not change their data channel. Further, interference‐aware and throughput‐aware multichannel MAC protocol is also proposed for actor–actor coordination. The performance of the proposed IAMMAC protocol is analyzed using standard network parameters such as packet delivery ratio, goodput, end‐to‐end delay, and energy dissipation in the network. The obtained simulation results indicate that the IAMMAC protocol has superior performance as compared with the existing MAC protocols. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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带有执行器的无线传感器网络是指在传统无线传感器网络中加入执行节点,形成传感器节点、执行节点和基站共同构成的三层监控网络。根据执行器在能量、计算能力和感知能力方面的优势,提出建立应用于事件调度的双环分簇算法。算法将执行器连接成双环结构,提升网络在线扩展能力的同时,也为无线传感器网络满足事件驱动构建基础。仿真实验证明,此算法能够有效降低网络能耗,随着节点数目的增加和监控领域的扩大,表现更加凸出。 相似文献
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论文从无线传感器和执行器网络的信息传输方式出发,提出一种新的密钥预分配方案。方案充分利用执行器节点具有能量充足、存储器资源丰富、较强计算和通信能力等特点,结合部署位置信息,在执行器节点-执行器节点和执行器-传感器节点两个通信层上采用不同的密钥预分配方案。通过分析可知,新方案在连通性、安全性、计算和通信消耗上都有良好性能。 相似文献
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Wireless sensor and actor networks (WSANs) have been increasingly popular for environmental monitoring applications in the last decade. While the deployment of sensor nodes enables a fine granularity of data collection, resource-rich actor nodes provide further evaluation of the information and reaction. Quality of service (QoS) and routing solutions for WSANs are challenging compared to traditional networks because of the limited node resources. WSANs also have different QoS requirements than wireless sensor networks (WSNs) since actors and sensor nodes have distinct resource constraints.In this paper, we present, LRP-QS, a lightweight routing protocol with dynamic interests and QoS support for WSANs. LRP-QS provides QoS by differentiating the rates among different types of interests with dynamic packet tagging at sensor nodes and per flow management at actor nodes. The interests, which define the types of events to observe, are distributed in the network. The weights of the interests are determined dynamically by using a nonsensitive ranking algorithm depending on the variation in the observed values of data collected in response to interests. Our simulation studies show that the proposed protocol provides a higher packet delivery ratio and a lower memory consumption than the existing state of the art protocols. 相似文献
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文章对无线传感网络在机器人设计中的应用进行了研究,提出了一种基于Ad hoc网络的分布式无线令牌环协议的机器人通信系统实现方案,分析了其在机器人通信系统应用中的可行性.文中给出了基于无线传感网络的机器人通信系统的软硬件设计方案,并对其在移动机器人通信系统中的应用问题进行了探讨,最终提出了无线传感器网络应用于移动机器人通信系统的实现方法. 相似文献
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Shamanth Nagaraju Lucy J. Gudino Nipun Sood Jasmine G. Chandran V. Sreejith 《ETRI Journal》2020,42(3):351-365
Directional sensor networks (DSNs) can significantly improve the performance of a network by employing energy efficient communication protocols. Neighbor discovery is a vital part of medium access control (MAC) and routing protocol, which influences the establishment of communication between neighboring nodes. Neighbor discovery is a challenging task in DSNs due to the limited coverage provided by directional antennas. Furthermore, in these networks, communication can only take place when the beams of the directional antennas are pointed toward each other. In this article, we propose a novel multiple token‐based neighbor discovery (MuND) protocol, in which multiple tokens are transmitted based on an area exploration algorithm. The performance of the protocol is evaluated using the Cooja simulator. The simulation results reveal that the proposed MuND protocol achieves lower neighbor discovery latency, with a 100% neighbor discovery ratio, and has a relatively low communication overhead and low energy consumption. 相似文献
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在射频供能无线传感器网络中,提高网络能效和吞吐率是一个重要的研究问题.该文统筹考虑信道分配、节点的能量阈值以及MAC(Medium Access Control)帧分块重传机制,提出高能效和高吞吐率的数据收集方案;推导了节点的充电时间、节点传输一个MAC帧的平均能耗和平均时延、网络能效和吞吐率,定义了网络效用函数,形成了最大化网络效用的优化问题.通过调整效用系数并求解优化问题,可以获得使网络能效和吞吐率最大化的最优能量阈值和MAC帧最优分块个数.仿真结果表明,所提方案的能效和吞吐率高于已有方案. 相似文献
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In many applications of wireless sensor actor networks (WSANs) that often run in harsh environments, the reduction of completion times of tasks is highly desired. We present a new time‐aware, energy‐aware, and starvation‐free algorithm called Scate for assigning tasks to actors while satisfying the scalability and distribution requirements of WSANs with semi‐automated architecture. The proposed algorithm allows concurrent executions of any mix of small and large tasks and yet prevents probable starvation of tasks. To achieve this, it estimates the completion times of tasks on each available actor and then takes the remaining energies and the current workloads of these actors into account during task assignment to actors. The results of our experiments with a prototyped implementation of Scate show longer network lifetime, shorter makespan of resulting schedules, and more balanced loads on actors compared to when one of the three well‐known task‐scheduling algorithms, namely, the max‐min, min‐min, and opportunistic load balancing algorithms, is used. 相似文献
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网络编码技术可以极大的提高网络的吞吐量,同时能提高网络的鲁棒性。为了提高水下传感器网络数据传输的可靠性,利用网络编码对消息的备份性进行能量收集。该方案节省了电池能量,提高水下传感器节点的生存周期。 相似文献
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Recently, solar energy emerged as a feasible supplement to battery power for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which are expected to operate for long periods. Since solar energy can be harvested periodically and permanently, solar‐powered WSNs can use the energy more efficiently for various network‐wide performances than traditional battery‐based WSNs of which aim is mostly to minimize the energy consumption for extending the network lifetime. However, using solar power in WSNs requires a different energy management from battery‐based WSNs since solar power is a highly varying energy supply. Therefore, firstly we describe a time‐slot‐based energy allocation scheme to use the solar energy optimally, based on expectation model for harvested solar energy. Then, we propose a flow‐control algorithm to maximize the amount of data collected by the network, which cooperates with our energy allocation scheme. Our algorithms run on each node in a distributed manner using only local information of its neighbors, which is a suitable approach for scalable WSNs. We implement indoor and outdoor testbeds of solar‐powered WSN and demonstrate the efficiency of our approaches on them. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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一种含BCH编解码器的SLC/MLC NAND FLASH控制器的VLSI设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了满足存储器市场对低单比特成本和高存储密度的需求,在一款基于ARM926EJ的片上处理器芯片中,集成了一个可支持SLC/MLC NAND FLASH的控制器.为了纠正FLASH存储器芯片中的随机错误,采用了可纠4比特错误的BCH纠错码,该纠错码非常适应NAND类型存储器的随机错误特点.该控制器可支持多种类型的NAND FLASH.另外,对一种基于伯利坎普-梅西算法的高效BCH编解码器VLSI结构进行了研究,采用一种简化伯利坎普-梅西算法实现的低复杂度的关键方程解算机消除其速度瓶颈.芯片采用SMIC 0.13 μm CMOS工艺.测试结果证明,设计电路完全符合系统规范,性能表现优良. 相似文献
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Non‐uniform energy consumption during operation of a cluster‐based routing protocol for large‐scale wireless sensor networks (WSN) is major area of concern. Unbalanced energy consumption in the wireless network results in early node death and reduces the network lifetime. This is because nodes near the sink are overloaded in terms of data traffic compared with the far away nodes resulting in node deaths. In this work, a novel residual energy–based distributed clustering and routing (REDCR) protocol has been proposed, which allows multi‐hop communication based on cuckoo‐search (CS) algorithm and low‐energy adaptive‐clustering–hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. LEACH protocol allows choice of possible cluster heads by rotation at every round of data transmission by a newly developed objective function based on residual energy of the nodes. The information about the location and energy of the nodes is forwarded to the sink node where CS algorithm is implemented to choose optimal number of cluster heads and their positions in the network. This approach helps in uniform distribution of the cluster heads throughout the network and enhances the network stability. Several case studies have been performed by varying the position of the base stations and by changing the number of nodes in the area of application. The proposed REDCR protocol shows significant improvement by an average of 15% for network throughput, 25% for network scalability, 30% for network stability, 33% for residual energy conservation, and 60% for network lifetime proving this approach to be more acceptable one in near future. 相似文献
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Gopal Chandra Das Seemanti Saha Abhijit Bhowmick Santi P. Maity 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2023,36(5):e5431
An energy harvesting (EH) and cooperative cognitive radio (CR) network (CRN) is studied in this paper where CR users transmit data through a primary user (PU) channel if the channel remains idle, else an optimal number CRs helps in transmission of PU. To achieve the optimum number of CRs (ONCR) involved in cooperation, a novel scheme based on a combination of channel censoring and total error is proposed. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated under RF harvesting scenario. The EH is dependent on sensing decision and a CR source harvests energy from PU's RF signal. The harvested energy (HE) is split into two parts: One part is used by the CR network (CRN) for its own transmission, and the other part is used for supporting PU. The effect of the energy allocation factor on total throughput is also investigated. New expressions for optimal number of CRs and throughput are developed. The effect of network parameters such as sensing time, censoring threshold, and energy allocation parameter (EAP) on throughput is investigated. Impact of distance between nodes is also studied. 相似文献