无刷双馈风力发电机滑模功率解耦控制

首次采用现代控制理论中的滑模变结构方法研究了无刷双馈发电机(BDFM)运行时有功功率与无功功率的解耦控制,在状态方程的基础上,应用Lyapunov函数求得了有功功率与无功功率的滑模控制律,并在Matlab/Simu-link基础上建立了系统的仿真模型。仿真结果表明,滑模变结构控制能够有效的实现有功功率与无功功率的解耦控制,并实现了风能的最大功率捕获,证明了该控制策略的有效性。     

变速恒频双馈风力发电机有功、无功解耦控制研究与实现

双馈发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制是变速恒频风力发电系统的关键技术,在分析双馈发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制规律的基础上,给出了基于定子磁场定向控制策略的实现方案,然后利用Matlab工具对该控制方案进行了仿真研究,最后设计和构造了基于TI公司MS320F2407DSP的变速恒频双馈风力发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制实验系统,仿真和实验结果表明该控制策略能够有效地实现双馈发电机功率的解耦控制,为兆瓦级变速恒频双馈风力发电机组励磁变换器的研制奠定了基础。     

基于Matlab/Simulink的双馈感应风力发电机组建模和仿真研究

以双馈风力发电机组为研究对象,建立了包括风力机、传动部分、双馈感应发电机、定子磁链定向的矢量控制策略、最大风能捕获策略的整体数学模型;应用matlab软件中simulink工具,以建立的数学模型为基础搭建了双馈风力发电机组仿真模型,并以两次阶跃风速为例对所建模型并网后运行特性进行了仿真研究。实现了双馈风力发电机组的最大风能捕获和功率解耦控制,仿真结果表明,双馈风力发电机组具有良好的运行特性,同时验证了所建模型的正确性和有效性。     

基于双环控制的双馈风力发电机组控制策略

在分析了双馈风力发电机组运行特性的基础上,提出一种基于双环控制的变换器控制策略。在转子侧,变换器采用定子磁链定向矢量控制技术,推导出了用转子有功电流和无功电流独立解耦控制有功功率和无功功率的策略,并实现了风能的最大跟踪;在电网侧,变换器采用电网电压定向矢量控制技术,构建了电流内环、电压外环的双闭环PI控制系统。利用PSCAD/EMTDC软件,构建了双馈风力发电机组仿真模型。仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性和合理性     

无刷双馈风力发电机的自抗扰解耦控制

针对无刷双馈电机(BDFM)结构的复杂性、随环境的可改变性及传统的PID控制在BDFM中应用不理想等,提出了一种新型基于扩张观测器的非线性PID控制——自抗扰控制方法来实现对风力发电系统有功功率和无功功率的解耦控制。仿真结果证明了该方法的正确性和有效性,具有更强的鲁棒性和可实现性。     

双馈异步风机非线性低电压穿越控制策略研究北大核心CSCD

针对双馈风力发电机组对低电压穿越能力要求较高的问题,提出一种新型的内电势串级比例积分控制策略。控制器包括电压和功率两个串级控制回路,通过调节内电势dq轴分量,实现双馈风机有功、电压控制,进而完成对有功功率和无功功率的解耦。为提高双馈风机故障穿越能力,引入变增益功角补偿模块,实现故障过程中对功角的完全控制。仿真对比结果验证了该控制策略降低故障中双馈风机端电压跌落程度的有效性。     

基于模糊控制的无刷双馈发电机直接功率控制策略

为了对无刷双馈发电机的有功功率和无功功率进行实时有效控制,采用了直接功率控制策略。与矢量控制方法相比,直接功率控制不需要复杂的坐标变换,可简化控制系统,提高系统的响应速度。为克服传统的直接功率控制方法中无法根据功率、磁链的大小来快速准确地选择合适的电压矢量这一缺点,提出了基于模糊控制的无刷双馈发电机直接功率控制策略,采用了新型模糊控制器代替传统的有功功率和无功功率两点式Bang-Bang控制,根据功率误差的大小,实现了大误差大调节、小误差精调节的策略。文中采用转子速模型实现了有功功率和无功功率的解耦,因此可以对有功功率和无功功率进行独立控制,进而实现了对功率因数的控制。在Matlab/Simulink软件中建立仿真模型,仿真结果表明,基于模糊控制的直接功率控制策略不仅可以提高控制精度,还可以提高电机对功率指令的响应速度,保证运行的稳定性,证明了本文控制策略的有效性和正确性。     

变速恒频无刷双馈风力发电机的直接转矩控制

针对变速恒频无刷双馈风力发电系统,分析无刷双馈发电机的最大吸收功率与转速之间的关系,提出采用直接转矩控制方法,通过控制发电机转矩和功率因数来调节其有功功率,进而实现最大风能捕获,提高发电效率。此外,还针对无刷双馈发电机内部磁场关系复杂的特点,提出一种新型的速度观测方法,以两相静止坐标系作为参考坐标系,通过估算转子磁链同步旋转速度和转差速度来估测发电机转速,进而实现无速度传感器控制,以提高系统可靠性。由仿真结果可以看出,通过快速调节发电机转矩可以有效获得最大吸收功率,所设计的速度观测器也能快速准确地估算出发电机转速。     

交流励磁变速恒频风力发电系统矢量控制研究

基于双馈风力发电机的数学模型和瞬时无功理论,研究了转子侧变换器和网侧变换器的矢量控制策略,提出了双馈风力发电系统从空气动力学系统、机电系统、励磁控制系统完整的模型,以研究系统的暂态特性.以Matlab/Simulink为平台对系统的运行特性进行仿真.仿真结果表明,该控制策略满足变速恒频风力发电系统的要求,可实现最大风能跟踪控制和有功无功功率的独立解耦控制,并可改善系统的低电压穿越能力,实现不脱网运行.     

基于神经网络逆的双馈发电励磁控制

将神经网络逆控制方法应用于双馈发电励磁系统.根据并网型双馈发电机数学模型,进行系统可逆性分析,确定神经网络逆系统模型.合理选择逆系统输入、输出变量,在适当激励信号作用下,对原系统状态进行采样及数值计算,获得原始输入样本集和期望输出样本集,利用BP算法训练神经网络.用神经网络实现逆控制,将系统分解为有功功率和无功功率的两个单变量线性子系统,通过线性系统综合方法,设计了由PI调节器组成的有功功率和无功功率线性单闭环子系统.仿真结果表明,采用神经网络逆系统控制的双馈发电系统具有较好的动态性能,不仅能够方便实现有功功率的控制,而且可独立提供电网所需的无功功率.     

A review on development of offshore wind energy conversion system

Wind energy conversion system, aiming to convert mechanical energy of air flow into electrical energy has been widely concerned in recent decades. According to the installation sites, the wind energy conversion system can be divided into land-based wind conversion system and offshore wind energy conversion (OWEC) system. Compared to land-based wind energy technology, although OWEC started later, it has attracted more attentions due to its significant advantages in sufficient wind energy, low wind shear, high power output and low land occupancy rate. In this paper, the principle of wind energy conversion and the development status of offshore wind power in the world are briefly introduced at first. And then, the advantages and disadvantages of several offshore wind energy device (OWED), such as horizontal axis OWED, vertical axis OWED and cross axis OWED are compared. Subsequently, several major constraints, such as complex marine environment, deep-sea power transmission and expensive cost of equipment installation faced by offshore wind conversion technology are presented and comprehensively analysed. Finally, based on the summary and analysis of some emerging technologies and the current situation of offshore wind energy utilization, the development trend of offshore wind power is envisioned. In the future, it is expected to witness multi-energy complementary, key component optimization and intelligent control strategy for smooth energy generation of offshore wind power systems.     

Review of flywheel energy storage systems for wind power applications

风力发电可以解决能源短缺和环境污染等问题,但由于风速随机性和间歇性的特点导致风电输出电压、功率和频率存在较大波动,因此风电的大规模并网会对现有电网的稳定运行造成不利影响。飞轮储能是一种高效无污染的储能技术,而且通过合理的控制策略和控制设备可实现电网调频及短时间调峰以解决大规模风电并网带来的问题。本文主要介绍了飞轮储能在风力发电领域的应用背景、飞轮储能的结构原理和目前国内外在飞轮储能控制策略方向的研究进展。     

Analysis and control of wind-driven self-excited induction generators connected to the grid through power converters

The analysis of the wind-driven self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) connected to the grid through power converters has been developed in this paper. For this analysis, a method of representing the grid power as equivalent load resistance in the steady-state equivalent circuit of SEIG has been formulated. The technique of genetic algorithm (GA) has been adopted for making the analysis of the proposed system simple and straightforward. The control of SEIG is attempted by connecting an uncontrolled diode bridge rectifier (DBR) and a line commutated inverter (LCI) between the generator terminals and three-phase utility grid. A simple control technique for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in wind energy conversion systems (WECS), in which the firing angle of the LCI alone needs to be controlled by sensing the rotor speed of the generator has been proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method of MPPT and method of analysis of this wind-driven SEIG-converter system connected to the grid through power converters has been demonstrated by experiments and simulation. These experimental and simulated results confirm the usefulness and successful working of the proposed system and its analysis.     

Performance of PI controller for control of active and reactive power in DFIG operating in a grid-connected variable speed wind energy conversion system

Due to several factors, wind energy becomes an essential type of electricity generation. The share of this type of energy in the network is becoming increasingly important. The objective of this work is to present the modeling and control strategy of a grid connected wind power generation scheme using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) driven by the rotor. This paper is to present the complete modeling and simulation of a wind turbine driven DFIG in the second mode of operating (the wind turbine pitch control is deactivated). It will introduce the vector control, which makes it possible to control independently the active and reactive power exchanged between the stator of the generator and the grid, based on vector control concept (with stator flux or voltage orientation) with classical PI controllers. Various simulation tests are conducted to observe the system behavior and evaluate the performance of the control for some optimization criteria (energy efficiency and the robustness of the control). It is also interesting to play on the quality of electric power by controlling the reactive power exchanged with the grid, which will facilitate making a local correction of power factor.     

基于混合深度学习的风电功率预测及一次调频应用

为了解决高比例不确定性风电接入电力系统带来强烈调频需求的问题,提出了基于混合深度学习模型的风电功率预测及其一次调频应用方法。首先,采用孤立森林(Isolated Forest, IF)对历史数据进行异常值处理,提高数据质量,其次,构建卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network, CNN)、双向长短期记忆(Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory, BiLSTM)和注意力机制(Attention Mechanism, AM)的混合深度学习模型对风电功率进行预测。最后,依据功率预测精度配置超级电容器储能,设计储能调频控制原则,弥补风电机组自身预测误差,并协同风电机组参与电力系统一次调频。基于预测结果为4台风电发电机组2个负荷区域仿真系统配置超级电容器储能系统,利用digsilent平台进行了风预测误差和负荷波动下的一次调频仿真。结果表明：所提IF-CNN-BiLSTM-AM模型比BP和LSTM基准模型预测误差(MSE)降低了81.53%和51.44%,具有最优的预测性能;设计的风储一次调频模型与原则可有效应对风电预测误差和负荷波动...     

An input‐output linearization–based control strategy for wind energy conversion system to enhance stability

This paper proposes a novel control strategy for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind energy conversion system to investigate the potential of enhancing the stability of wind energy transmission system, a synchronous generator weakly integrated to a power system with a DFIG‐based wind farm. The proposed approach uses state feedback to exactly linearize the nonlinear wind energy transmission system from control actions (active power and reactive power control order of DFIG) to selected outputs (power angle and voltage behind transient resistance of synchronous generator) at first. Then, on account of the linearized subsystem, the stability enhancement controller is designed based on linear quadratic regulator algorithm to contribute adequate damping characteristics to oscillations of the synchronous generator system under various operation points. The proposed control strategy successfully deals with the nonlinear behaviors exist from the inputs to outputs and improve the robustness with respect to the variation of system operation points. Furthermore, not only the rotor angle stability but also the voltage stability is enhanced by using the proposed control strategy. The simulation results carried on the studied system verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy of wind energy conversion system for system stability enhancement and the robustness against various system operation points.     

Inhibition of wind power fluctuations of battery energy storage system adaptive control strategy design

为了增加电池储能系统针对大规模风电并网对电网系统的友好性,降低风电功率波动对电网的不利影响,本文提出以电池荷电状态和风电功率为反馈量,改变平抑时间常数和电池储能系统充放电目标功率为目标的平抑风电功率波动的自适应控制策略。经仿真验证,上述策略能有效避免电池的荷电状态大幅波动,延长电池使用寿命,从而减小电池储能系统的安装容量,最大限度地发挥电池储能系统的作用。     

A novel sensorless current shaping control approach for SVPWM inverter with voltage disturbance rejection in a dc grid–based wind power generation system

A novel sensorless current shaping (CS) control strategy is proposed to avail better power quality (PQ) of a dc grid–based wind power generation system (WPGS) used on a poultry farm by generating an appropriate reference current for space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) inverter. The proposed CS strategy also offers adequate control for parallel operation of multiple generators and inverter applications, without requiring voltage and frequency synchronization. Further, to control the poultry farm–based WPGS, a two‐stage control loop is implemented such as energy flow control loop (EFCL) and harmonic control loop (HCL). The first loop is used to regulate the power flow, and the second loop is used to compensate harmonics. A mathematical current decomposition technique is suggested for an appropriate resistance emulation to realize a better power flow, higher harmonic rejection, and better inverter operation. In this planned approach for attaining constant wind speed, an electric ventilation fan in the poultry farm is used. A combined hybrid dc and ac grid approaches are suggested for facilitating variable load integration in a poultry farm–based microgrid system. Moreover, for achieving better power management during the islanded mode of operation, the battery energy storage (BES) device is integrated with the dc grid through a bidirectional converter. The proposed WPGS design and control approach has been simulated through MATLAB/Simulink software under various test conditions, to demonstrate the operational capability, to achieve better PQ, and to increase the flexibility and reliability in the microgrid operation.