基于45°倾斜光栅的重复频率可切换被动谐波锁模光纤激光器

基于非线性偏振旋转（NPR）技术,搭建了一台重复频率可切换的被动谐波锁模掺铒光纤激光器。腔内45倾斜光纤光栅（45 TFG）作为一种理想的光纤型起偏器,与两侧偏振控制器（PC）一起实现非线性偏振旋转效应,实现激光器的稳定锁模输出。在673 mW恒定泵浦功率下,通过调节腔内的PC,观测到了从基频到37阶谐波等多种锁模状态。该激光器可产生稳定的最高重复频率脉冲为783 MHz,对应的谐波阶数是37阶,且具有41 dB的边模抑制比（SSR）。高重复频率且稳定性好的脉冲可用于特定的应用中,如现代光通信系统、光学传感等。     

基于激光外调制的频率可调谐光电振荡器

为了实现光电振荡器(OEO)输出频率的可调谐,提出了一种基于外调制激光的频率可调谐光电振荡器。此方案在单环OEO的基础上增加一个由微波滤波器、电衰减器、电放大器和电移相器构成的电增益选频腔,通过调节电移相器的偏置电压可以等效改变电选频腔的腔长,从而改变其输出微波信号的频率;同时调节光延时线来改变光电振荡器的起振模式,通过电增益选频腔信号与光电振荡器自由振荡信号的电注入锁定,即可实现频率可调谐的光电振荡器,其输出信号的频率由锁定OEO模式的电增益选频腔决定。实验结果表明,本方案产生了频率调谐范围为10.05 GHz~10.09 GHz、调谐步长为400 kHz的输出信号,频率在40 MHz的范围内连续可调谐。在输出频率为10.0519 GHz时,其边模抑制比为60 dB,相位噪声为-115 dBc/Hz @10 kHz。该方案结构简单,既保留了单环OEO低相位噪声的优势,又能有效抑制边模,为实现频率可调谐OEO提供了一种新的方法。     

石墨烯被动锁模谐波阶数可调的掺铒光纤孤子激光器

采用石墨烯被动锁模的掺Er光纤(EDF)环形腔,获得稳定的谐波阶数可调的孤子脉冲激光。通过调节EDF环形腔中的偏振控制器(PC)改变光腔损耗,实现了锁模谐波从一阶至四阶的可控运转。连续锁模基频重复频率为3.873MHz,中心波长为1 557.6nm,谱线宽度为4.5nm,有明显孤子边带,信噪比(SNR)约为45dB,二、三和四次谐波锁模脉冲重复频率分别为7.745、11.618和15.491MHz。本文的实验结果可用工作于反常色散区锁模激光器的多孤子形成机理来解释。     

高次谐波锁模飞秒掺镱光纤激光器的噪声情况

高重复频率的飞秒激光在高速激光测距和三维成像等领域有着非常重要的作用。其中基于飞秒光纤激光器的高次谐波锁模是获得GHz量级以上高重复频率脉冲的重要手段之一。基于含腔内光栅对色散补偿的非线性偏振旋转（NPR）锁模的掺镱（Yb）光纤激光器,在180 mW泵浦光时获得了稳定的143 MHz基频锁模脉冲序列,当泵浦光功率升至1 W时获得了最高20次谐波（2.86 GHz）锁模脉冲序列输出。系统地对比研究了基频锁模与高次谐锁模状态下,脉冲重复频率精密锁定后的艾伦偏差和相位噪声,7次谐波锁模状态下重复频率锁定精度能够保持在10?13 Hz@1 s的稳定度,为高次谐波锁模飞秒激光脉冲序列用于精密测量提供了实验依据。     

机械剥离石墨烯被动谐波锁模掺铒光纤激光器

基于机械剥离方法,即通过胶带反复剥离高定向热解石墨,制备得到少层石墨烯,并将其作为可饱和吸收体实现了被动谐波锁模掺铒光纤激光器。在抽运功率约135 m W时,获得了中心波长1568.3 nm,脉冲宽度1.82 ps,3 d B带宽1.7 nm,重复频率1.646 MHz的基频锁模激光输出。通过增加抽运功率和调节腔内偏振,可以获得谐波锁模,谐波阶数最高达到基频的47阶(77.36 MHz)。同时,研究了不同阶谐波锁模时,输出功率、脉冲宽度和单脉冲能量的变化。     

高次谐波混合锁模脉冲生成及其数值仿真研究

对混合锁模掺铒光纤激光器中高阶谐波锁模脉冲生成进行了试验和仿真研究。利用非线性偏振旋转技术和碳纳米管可饱和吸收体相结合的混合锁模技术，有效降低谐波脉冲锁模泵浦阈值，更加有利于锁模自启动。通过增加泵浦功率，利用峰值功率钳位和孤子能量量化效应，可实现泵浦功率和脉冲重复频率呈线性关系的谐波锁模脉冲输出。当泵浦功率调节为198.8 mW时，激光器最高输出重复频率约为1.31 GHz,约72阶谐波锁模脉冲，其超模抑制比约为35 dB。同时采用基于修正的非线性薛定谔方程进行了数值模拟，通过调节小信号增益系数为3.4和4.4时，单脉冲分裂为等周期间距的2阶和3阶谐波锁模脉冲，数值仿真结果和试验数据基本相吻合。谐波混合锁模脉冲生成的试验和理论结果有利于进一步了解光纤激光器中谐波脉冲的生成原理和方法。     

光栅外腔主动锁模半导体激光器特性研究

本文对光栅外腔主动锁模半导体激光器输出脉冲及其光谱进行了详细的实验研究.对影响完全锁模光脉冲宽度的若干因素进行优化组合,由正弦调制的普通DH-GaAlAs光栅外腔激光器得到了最短光脉冲宽度为8.2ps,重复频率为961.06MHz,峰值功率大于150mW,谱调谐范围大于10nm的锁模输出.     

同步泵浦锁模掺铒光纤激光器

通过对泵浦光源半导体激光器(LD)的驱动电源进行正弦调制,实现了掺铒光纤激光器(EDFL)的同步泵浦锁模。在相应于谐波锁模、有理数谐波锁模条件下得到了稳定的脉冲输出。对重复频率544．431。kHz的二次谐波锁模脉冲序列,脉冲宽度为420．4ns,占空比为1．0：4．4,峰值功率为3．34mW;实验中还观察到了自调Q现象,脉冲序列的重复频率为18．25MHz,脉冲半宽度为8ns,占空比为1．0：6．9,峰值功率为2．3mW。     

石墨烯锁模的全保偏光纤激光器

报道了一种基于反射式石墨烯可饱和吸收镜锁模的全保偏掺铒光纤激光器。分别使用单层和十层石墨烯作为可饱和吸收器件,通过全保偏结构,避免了外界环境对腔内偏振态的影响,获得了高稳定性、高偏振度、易自启动的锁模脉冲输出,脉冲宽度分别为697 fs和502 fs。实验表明,十层石墨烯相比于单层石墨烯能够获得更窄的脉冲宽度,更高的峰值功率,具有好的锁模效果。研究同时发现,经十层石墨烯锁模,进一步提高泵浦功率,可在全保偏光纤腔中获得重复频率62.94 MHz的二阶谐波锁模脉冲输出。并通过非线性薛定谔方程对谐波锁模产生的机理进行了分析。这种基于反射式可饱和吸收镜的全保偏锁模光纤激光器有望成为实现基频锁模与谐波锁模可切换的单偏振激光源。     

同步抽运锁模的掺镱光纤激光器

同步抽运锁模是一种调制增益的锁模技术，就是调节抽运光的调制频率使之等于激光器纵模间隔的整数倍。通过对抽运光源半导体激光器的驱动电流进行正弦调制，实现了掺镱光纤激光器(YDFL)的同步抽运锁模。通过调整抽运激光器的调制频率，在相应于二次谐波锁模，4阶有理数谐波锁模条件下分别得到了较窄的脉冲输出。对重复频率625kHz的二次谐波锁模脉冲序列，脉冲宽度小于20ns，约为抽运光宽度的1／40；平均输出功率2．34mw，能量转换效率约为5％。     

80-160-GHz mode-locked fiber ring laser synchronized to external optical pulse stream

The authors present a novel scheme to generate ultrahigh repetition rate picosecond pulses synchronized to an optical pulse stream in an actively mode-locked fiber ring laser. A monolithic Mach-Zehnder interferometer with integrated semiconductor optical amplifiers serves as an 80-GHz optically controlled modulator. 80-GHz transform-limited 2.1-ps Gaussian pulse with low timing jitter, extinction ratios up to 25 dB, and 5 mW of average output power are demonstrated. The laser is wavelength tunable over more than 15 nm around 1555 nm. At 160 GHz, 2.5-ps pulse trains with 3-mW output power are generated by rational harmonic mode locking.     

High-repetition-rate optical pulse generation using a rationalharmonic mode-locked fiber laser

Rational harmonic mode locking takes place in an actively mode-locked fiber laser when the modulation frequency f_m=(n+1/p)f_c, where n and p are both integers and f_c is the inverse of the cavity round-trip time, the 22nd order of rational harmonic mode locking has been observed when f_m ≈1 GHz. An optical pulse train with a repetition rate of 40 GHz has been obtained using a modulation frequency f_m=10 GHz. The theory of rational harmonic mode locking has also been developed. The stability of the mode-locked pulses is improved considerably when a semiconductor optical amplifier is incorporated into the fiber laser cavity. The supermode noise in the RF spectrum of a mode-locked laser is removed for a certain range of current in the semiconductor optical amplifier     

基于半导体光放大器交叉增益调制效应的主动锁模光纤激光器

提出一种腔内损耗小的基于半导体光放大器(SOA)交叉增益调制效应(XGM)的主动锁模光纤激光器结构。使用光环行器成功减小了激光器的腔内损耗,提高了激光器的输出功率。从理论上对有理数谐波锁模过程中腔内脉冲复合的物理机制进行了详细分析。利用有理数谐波锁模技术,在调制频率为10 GHz下,得到了重复频率为30 GHz的皮秒级光脉冲序列输出,其峰值功率约0.5 mW。由于半导体光放大器的宽增益谱与滤波器的较大可调谐范围,使得激光器输出可以在较大的波长可调谐范围内保持较大功率输出。成功实现了调制频率为20 GHz的谐波锁模短光脉冲输出,可调谐范围达40 nm,峰值功率大于0.65 mW。半导体光放大器和激光器的短腔长保证了激光器的长期稳定性。     

Higher order FM mode locking for pulse-repetition-rate enhancementin actively mode-locked lasers: theory and experiment

We present a novel higher order FM mode-locked technique for active mode-locked lasers which utilizes the higher order sidebands generated by an intracavity phase modulator to establish the mode locking. The resulting mode-locked output exhibits an enhancement of the pulse repetition rate over the modulation frequency by an integral multiple. The higher order FM mode locking is studied theoretically in a laser with a homogeneous gain medium, and simple analytical expressions are obtained to characterize the output pulses. It is shown that the scheme not only enhances the pulse repetition rate but also ensures chirp-free pulses and is effective in eliminating the output pulse phase-state instability, which are commonly observed in conventional FM mode-locked lasers. The effect of group velocity dispersion and cavity nonlinearity is also investigated through numerical solution of the self-consistency equation applied to a fiber ring laser. Finally, detailed experimental results on repetition rate enhancement in fiber lasers are presented and shown to be in good agreement with the theoretical results     

Optical pulse shaping by cross-phase modulation in a harmonic mode-locked semiconductor fiber ring laser under large cavity detuning

The authors experimentally investigate the phenomena of the pulse-shape distortion due to the drift of cavity length or modulation frequency in a harmonically mode-locked semiconductor fiber ring laser (SFRL). Also, it is experimentally demonstrated that the optical pulse shaping by cross-phase modulation (XPM) can be applied to enhance the robustness of a harmonic mode-locked semiconductor ring laser to the environmental factors, e.g., the modulation-frequency drift and/or the cavity-length drift. The mechanism of pulse-shape distortion due to the modulation-frequency drift or cavity-length drift is explained and experimentally verified. As the locking condition of the SFRL goes to the rational harmonic mode-locking (RHML) regime, the pulse-shape distortion becomes dominant. To validate the explanation, a simple equation for estimating and comparing the amount of cavity-length detuning in terms of frequency is proposed for comparison, which is called the equivalent frequency detuning (EFD). The distortion mostly appeared in the trailing edge of the pulse. By selectively filtering the XPM-induced red-chirped wavelength components in the rising edge of the pulse, the mode-locked pulse train with large pulse-shape distortion can be reshaped to regenerate a mode-locked pulse train with less pulse-shape distortion than the pulse train without the proposed scheme. This method can be used to reduce the pulse-shape distortion effectively, maintaining the pulse repetition rate under the large modulation-frequency detuning, or equivalently, large cavity-length detuning. The proposed scheme is able to generate the pulse-trains robust to the modulation-frequency drift and/or cavity-length drift of the mode-locked SFRL.