ISAR成像中有效转动向量的估计方法

针对ISAR成像中有效转动向量事先未知的问题,提出了两种估计有效转动向量的方法.一种利用调频率与散射点距离成线性关系估计有效转动向量;另一种通过补偿散射点单元信号二次相位项,提出基于图像熵的有效转动向量估计方法.利用这两种估计有效转动向量方法,对实际应用中距离单元的选择进行了探讨.仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,所提出的估计有效转动向量方法是有效的.     

逆合成孔径雷达成象及运动补偿技术

本文讨论了逆合成孔径雷达（ＩＳＡＲ）中的成象和运动补偿技术，介绍了笔者在逆合成孔径雷达方面所做的工作，并给出了一些ＩＳＡＲ成象的实验结果。     

基于瞬时谱估计的ISAR距离瞬时多普勒成像算法

在假定散射点回波近似为线性调频信号,并结合逆合成孔径雷达（ＩＳＡＲ）成像中的特殊性（如散射点越距离单元走动）的情况下,提出了基于自适应ＬＦＭ信号分量的“ＣＬＥＡＮ”技术估计回波的瞬时频率,从而得到目标高分辨率的距离瞬时多普勒图像;实验ＩＳＡＲ数据的处理结果表明,该方法是有效的     

Three-dimensional bistatic interferometric ISAR imaging

An approach based on interferometry technique is proposed for three-dimensional( 3D) bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar( ISAR) imaging. It is converted to a monostatic problem by using the theory that a bistatic radar equals a monostatic radar located on the bisector of bistatic angle. Then,interferometric phases extracted from a pair of cross shaped antennas are used to estimate the height and associated rotational velocity.Finally,numerical simulations are provided to evaluate this method.     

机载对海多目标ISAR成像系统设计

机载对海逆合成孔径雷达(inverse synthetic aperture radar,ISAR)能够对海面大中型舰船进行二维成像,图像信息为识别提供了更有利的依据.根据ISAR系统的工作原理,首先分析了对海多目标ISAR面临的关键问题;然后提出了空间、时间两维分割的处理方案,以解决不同海况下海面多目标成像分辨率的问...     

改进轮廓波变换的ISAR信号超分辨成像方法

为了克服由于实测数据有限、逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像分辨率低的问题,提出了一种基于改进轮廓波变换(CT)的ISAR回波信号超分辨成像方法.该方法首先采用非下采样的轮廓波分解来实现信号不变尺度下不同方向的高频成分提取;然后将不同方向的高频信息与原始回波信息一同构建为CT变换的分解层;最后借助轮廓波重构变换技术实现ISAR回波信号的尺度拓展,进而实现超分辨成像.与用插值方法进行信号尺度拓展后成像相比,该方法更能反映空中目标雅克42型飞机雷达图像细节信息,提高成像质量,从而验证了该方法的有效性.     

New ISAR imaging interval selection method for ship targets on the sea

Ship targets on the sea swing because of the sea wave, which leads to instability of the rotation speed and variation of the image project plane. As a result, imaging interval selection should be taken into consideration in order to obtain a high quality ISAR image. In this paper, firstly, the relationship between effective rotating speed and image project plane is analyzed in detail, by which the conclusion that the image project plane is stable and the resolution of the ISAR image is best when the valid speed of rotation of a ship target is highest is drawn. Then a new method to select favorable imaging interval based on the rotation speed of ship targets is proposed. In comparison with existing methods, the proposed one can select a better period for ISAR imaging, which leads to an imaging result with higher quality. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation and real data processing result.     

解线频调步进频率ISAR成像研究

提出一种采用两次相干化处理实现对解线频调步进频率的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像算法．首先对回波进行相干化预处理,以估计运动目标的参数,并对相干化后的回波进行补偿;之后,采用相位相干化技术对残留相位误差进行校正,并利用时域带宽拼接技术获得目标的高分辨一维距离像．最后利用传统方位成像算法获得目标的高分辨ISAR图像．仿真数据验证了该方法的有效性．     

应用联合自聚焦实现低信噪比ISAR成像平动补偿

传统逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)平动补偿中,由于低信噪比下包络对齐无法精确实现,因此会导致后续相位自聚焦的精度受到限制．针对该问题,提出了一种包络相位联合自聚焦算法．该算法可以实现低信噪比下对ISAR目标复杂的平动分量进行补偿．利用二维ISAR图像熵作为目标函数,结合阻尼牛顿法进行最优化求解,在低信噪比下完成对平动分量的精确估计．另外,考虑到直接采样模式下,ISAR回波包络的缓变特性,对应平动分量可用有限阶多项式进行拟合．因此,利用归一化多项式拟合实现估计参数规模的简化,提高了估计精度和效率．Yak-42实测数据验证了该算法在低信噪比下的有效性和可靠性．     

基于相关系数的ISAR干扰效果评估方法

从二维相关系数的角度出发,提出了一种对ISAR压制干扰效果的评估方法。该方法能清楚地反映受干扰目标从临界干扰到严重干扰整个干扰过程中目标ISAR图像失真程度;并将干扰效果评估量化在0~1之间,具有归一化的优点。就射频噪声干扰模式和调相噪声干扰模式对ISAR进行了干扰仿真,仿真结果证明了该评估方法的有效性。     

一种新的基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的ISAR成像方法

将BP(基寻踪)算法和FOCUSS(Focal underdetermined systemsolver)算法用于ISAR成像中,由于它们具有一些缺点,在实际应用中受到很大的限制.但是SBL(稀疏贝叶斯)方法可以克服这些缺点.本文首次提出可以将SBL代替BP和FOCUSS用于ISAR成像中.真实ISAR数据的成像结果表明SBL是一种比BP和FOCUSS更有效,更有潜力的成像方法.     

ISAR imaging algorithm for targets with the complex motion based on the high-order ambiguity function-Lv's distribution

In ISAR imaging for targets with the complex motion, since the azimuth high order phase terms caused by the time-varying rotation vector will deteriorate the azimuth focusing quality, the traditional RD algorithm and LFM model are not appropriate. Thereby, in the case when the received signal can be modeled as cubic phase signals (CPSs), this paper proposes an ISAR imaging algorithm based on HAF-LVD (high-order ambiguity function-Lv's distribution). First, this algorithm defines a novel double lag parametric instantaneous autocorrelation function, and then applies the scaling operator to remove the coupling and utilizes FFT to achieve the energy accumulation. Finally, the non-searching estimation of the moving parameter and the ISAR images for targets are accomplished by the obtained HAF-LVD. Because of the introduction of the scaling factor, this algorithm can flexibly deal with more changeful and hostile ISAR environment without loss of the anti-noise performance and computational efficiency. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the ISAR imaging approach.     

用雷达目标模型散射场研究雷达成象

本文通过计算雷达目标模型的后向散射场来获得雷达回波数据,并用这组数据进行雷达转台成象研究.成象结果表明,作为一种仿真手段,通过计算后向散射场来模拟雷达回波,在逆综合孔径雷达(ISAR)研究中是行之有效的.     

分布式SAR高分辨成像中相关性与基线研究

通过分析高分辨率成像与相关性之间关系问题得到:分布式合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)系统高分辨率成像的信号必须相关。影响相关性的重要因素之一是基线,进而推导了分布式SAR系统相关系数与基线的关系表达式;仿真分析了基线的选取及其对信号相关性和高分辨率成像的影响,为分布式SAR系统的基线设计提供参考。     

基于WVHT 的合成孔径雷达运动目标检测与成像

目的针对合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）的运动目标检测和成像提出了一种通用、完整的ＷｉｇｎｅｒＶｉｌｅＨｏｕｇｈ变换（ＷＶＨＴ）．方法基于线积分,将ＷＶＤ和Ｈｏｕｇｈ变换结合起来,推导出ＷＶＨ变换,并利用计算机仿真的ＳＡＲ回波数据对该新ＷＶＨ变换作了验证．结果与结论计算机仿真结果证明了该变换的正确性和有效性．和传统的ＷＶＤＨＴ方法相比,这种基于ＷＶＨＴ的ＳＡＲ运动目标检测和成像的新方法,可以将多目标回波的ｃｈｉｒｐ信号从时间域直接转换到参数域,同时完成了ＷＶＤＨＴ方法中的交叉项抑制和运动参数的估计,进而对多目标成像,简化了处理过程．这种新ＷＶＨ变换还可以应用于其它场合的ｃｈｉｒｐ信号检测中．     

基于小波变换的SAR幅度图像压缩算法

针对合成孔径雷达信号处理的幅度图像压缩问题,提出一种基于小波变换的幅度图像压缩方法,对幅度图像进行离散小渡变换,实现幅度图像的多级分解,达到良好的压缩效果.使用星载合成孔径雷达RADARSAT的图像作为测试图像进行实验,压缩比CR=10∶1,峰值信噪比PSNR=31.86 dB.仿真实验结果验证了所提出算法的有效性和实用性.     

基于GPS信号的双基地SAR成像方法研究

对基于导航信号的合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）成像方法进行了研究,主要是在星载一机载双基地配置情况下,利用GPS（global positioning system）卫星信号作为照射源,机载接收机接收点目标回波,通过距离向和方位向的压缩处理进行点目标成像。不同于线性调频信号,导航信号是扩频信号。研究了该信号的距离压缩方法,并给出一种方位压缩的实用方法,较好地达到方位压缩效果：利用Matlab工具进行了多点目标回波和成像算法的仿真。仿真结果表明：利用导航信号可以构成双基地SAR成像系统。     

Modified Approach to PGA Phase Averaging for ISAR Autofocus

A new approach to phase averaging in phase gradient algorithm(PGA)is proposed, which is based onthe fundamental fact that the information of translational phase error is widely contained in every defocusedscatterer in ISAR image. The new approach aims to choose strong scatterers for error phase averaging with athreshold rather than just simply to pick out the strongest point in each range cell, which is not necessarily real     

MIMO雷达三维成像方法研究

针对传统逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）成像技术中存在的运动补偿难题,通过使用确定性阵列和单次快拍空间并行采样取代传统ISAR中非确定性阵列和长时间多脉冲采样,给出了一种基于多输入多输出雷达的双线阵宽带信号高分辨三维成像方法.由于采用了正交编码波形,使得距离维和方位维成像可独立进行,同时采用的垂直双线阵模式实际等效完成了平面阵列的采样功能,大大减少了阵元个数.仿真实验证实了该算法的有效性.     

Approach to joint translational and rotational phase auto-focusing

In high-resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging, the rotational motion of the targets tends to introduce the time-variant Doppler modulation in the echo, which acts as the range-variant phase errors in phase history. Moreover, the performance of translational phase error compensation may be dramatically degraded without properly considering the range-variant phase errors. In this paper, an approach to joint translational and rotational phase auto-focusing is proposed. In the procedure, the joint phase error correction is modeled as range-invariant and range-variant phase errors using a metric of minimum entropy. Then the minimum-entropy optimization is solved by employing a coordinate descend method based on the quasi-Newton solver. Finally, experiment based on simulated data is performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.