基于光线追迹法的低温辐射计光吸收腔设计

当前,工作在液氦温度的低温辐射计可以有效规避电路系统中非自发加热带来的误差,是国际上精度最高的光功率计量设备。理想低温辐射计在工作过程中,其核心器件-吸收腔对相同的热功率与电功率应当表现出相同的温升。然而对于实际情况,由于吸收腔涂层中复杂的光-物质相互作用,系统的光-电加热路径难以重合,黑体腔热传导分布的梯度差异导致误差的产生。当前国际上对光电不等效性产生的影响仍缺乏直观清晰的认知。在此,利用蒙特卡洛光线追迹方法,文中对低温辐射计吸收腔辐照度的空间分布进行了仿真。计算表明:当吸收腔斜底角控制在60°,涂层吸收率达到0.95时,系统在激光进入的第一次与第二次反射中分别吸收了98%与1.9%的能量,比例约为51.2∶1。通过在吸收腔斜底板和下侧面同时布置加热器,可实现光加热、电加热路径的耦合。进一步地,通过分别计算单加热器与双加热器布置下系统温度随时间的变化,文中证明了加热路径的不同将引入约为0.005%的光电不等效性。     

基于低温辐射计的红外辐射定标方法

在比较国际上基于低温辐射计的红外辐射定标技术的基础上,提出了以红外光源结合单色仪为辐射源,及以腔式热电堆探测器和低温辐射计为标准探测器的红外辐射定标方案.介绍了其结构和工作原理并给出了初步的定标结果.     

腔衰荡法四腔镜反射率及腔内吸收测量

利用腔衰荡四腔镜轮换的方法 ,在常态下测得了四腔镜的反射率 ,同时得到了腔内对测量光的吸收损耗     

腔衰荡法四腔镜反射率及腔内吸收测量

由于镜片的反射率在不同的环境中是不同的,我们在这里利用腔衰荡四腔镜轮换的方法,在常态下测得了四腔镜的反射率,同时得到了腔内气体在测量范围的吸收情况。     

宽频段太赫兹辐射计高吸收率涂层的特性

为了对宽频段高吸收率太赫兹辐射计的特性进行表征,研究了吸收涂层材料的特性;对常见的吸波材料在太赫兹波段的吸收率进行仿真,探寻在太赫兹波段具有高吸收率的材料;将碳化硅与3M黑漆进行混合,以进一步提高涂层的吸收率,并通过仿真调整涂层内碳化硅颗粒的尺寸;根据仿真结果制备混合涂层,利用太赫兹时域光谱仪对混合涂层样品进行测量。结果表明:该混合涂层样品的光谱吸收率大于0.99,与仿真结果基本吻合。     

针对TD-LTE终端设备的比吸收率测试技术

从TD-LTE设备的工作频段、调制方式和时频资源块数及频偏等方面,阐述了SAR测试过程中的豁免判定方法。并将线性缩放算法运用到SAR值后处理中,消除了信号占空比对SAR测试结果的影响。给出了TD-LTE基站模拟器的关键参数设置,保证了被测设备工作在最大功率发射状态。     

低温绝对辐射计不同定标光路的比对实验

低温辐射计是当前光辐射功率计量的最高标准,其测量精度的评价可以通过不同低温辐射计之间的比对来完成。开展了不同定标光路的低温辐射计比对实验。实验采用中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所研制的陷阱探测器作为传递标准,在633 nm波段对传递探测器的光谱响应度进行了绝对标定。比对结果表明,传递探测器的绝对光谱响应度的测量一致性为3.610-3,定标总合成不确定度为3.310-4(k=1),实验结果验证了两家单位低温绝对辐射计定标系统的可靠性和高精度。     

溯源于低温辐射计的高精度遥感器辐射定标技术

低温辐射计作为拥有10-4不确定度的辐射初级标准已经开始运用于遥感器辐射定标领域。总结了低温辐射计的高精度初级标准传递至星载遥感器的定标过程,详细介绍了标准传递链中各级标准的不确定度。通过VXR、TXR在NASA的EOS计划中的应用及国内辐亮度探测器对FY-2号的实际定标,展现溯源于低温辐射计的定标技术广阔的应用前景。     

智能穿戴医疗设备的比吸收率测试技术研究

当前人工智能及大数据等技术越来越成熟,无线智能通信电子产品越来越多的应用到医疗领域。近年来,可穿戴智能医疗检测设备可谓别出心裁,如智能婴儿防盗仪,智能看护仪,智能血压仪,智能血糖仪,智能电子睡眠枕以及智能心电图监测仪等可穿戴医疗检测器械设备,这些植入天线的无线通信产品长时间佩戴或者植入在人体时期所产生的电磁辐射情况是本...     

X-band GaAs MESFET oscillator for cryogenic application at 4.2 K

A stripline X-band oscillator for use in a Josephson potentiometer has been designed and constructed. An oscillator comprising a packaged GaAs MESFET was successfully tested at temperatures of 300 and 4.2 K. The cooling improves the short term stability of the frequency during a period of several minutes by a factor of 10 to 10/sup -6/.<>     

溯源于低温辐射计的1064nm波段探测器绝对光谱响应度定标

标准传递探测器在红外波段的绝对光谱响应度定标不确定度较大且难以降低,其主要影响因子是窗口透过率的测量不确定度,该项因子是由布儒斯特窗口的状态复现引入。给出了陷阱型标准传递探测器在1 064 nm波段溯源于低温绝对辐射计的定标实验过程和结果。介绍了低温辐射计新型Y型定标光路,该光路消除了低温辐射计窗口反射损耗引入的不确定性。实验测试了探测器在1 064 nm波段的线性、空间响应均匀性、稳定性和空间偏振非敏感性。结果表明:传递探测器绝对光谱响应度定标的不确定度优于0.023%,响应度重复性的实验结果表明了Y型低温辐射计定标光路改造的可行性。     

A broadband microwave radiometer technique at X-band for rain and drop size distribution estimation

Radiometric brightness temperatures below about 12 GHz provide accurate estimates of path attenuation through precipitation and cloud water. Multiple brightness temperature measurements at X-band frequencies can be used to estimate rainfall rate and parameters of the drop size distribution once correction for cloud water attenuation is made. Employing a stratiform storm model, calculations of the brightness temperatures at 9.5, 10, and 12 GHz are used to simulate estimates of path-averaged median mass diameter, number concentration, and rainfall rate. The results indicate that reasonably accurate estimates of rainfall rate and information on the drop size distribution can be derived over ocean under low to moderate wind speed conditions.     

Surface resistance and far infrared absorptivity at T=7 K of highT c YBaCuO superconductors

A surface resistance as small as R_S=3×10^?2 Ohms has been computed at T=8 K, for v=0.6 Thz (v=20 cm^?1), for an YBaCuO film deposited on an MgO substrate. The calculations are made with the refractive index computed from the Far IR transmission spectra of a 400 Å thick film. Still lower values are obtained with another sample, 300 Å thick of exceptional quality (R_S=1.2×10^?2 Ohms).     

Measurement of rain-induced zenith-path attenuation using 19.9 GHz radiometer at Amritsar (India)

The paper presents the results of 19.9 GHz radiometric propagation studies conducted over a period of one year at Amritsar, for determining rain-induced zenith path attenuation. The zenith path attenuation has been determined by the measurements of sky noise temperature received by the radiometer. The results obtained from the experiment are presented in the form of annual cumulative distributions of rain rate, sky noise temperature, and zenith path attenuation together with worst-month statistics. The rainfall rate cumulative distribution as predicted by ITU-R for our geographical location is lower than the actually measured rainfall rate cumulative distribution. The cumulative distribution of zenith path attenuation predicted by using ITU-R model overestimates the measured cumulative distribution of zenith path attenuation.     

K波段谱分析技术的微波辐射计方案设计

以探测大气中水汽吸收谱线为应用背景,系统设计了一种基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的宽带宽的谱分析技术的微波辐射计。阐述了谱分析技术的微波辐射计的设计原理,详细介绍了系统结构设计、接收机方案设计和谱仪的方案设计,并分析了系统的主要技术指标、正交接收机指标及谱仪的设计。该系统可实现的辐射计探测频率为22.235 GHz,设计带宽达到500 MHz,谱分辨力为60 kHz。     

高能激光能量计吸收腔的温度特性

为了提高高能激光能量测量的精确度,减小不准确度,给出了一种吸收腔结构,对基于量热法的吸收腔的内、外壁温度差特性进行了理论研究和实验验证。用一维非线性傅里叶热传导方程分别建立了吸收腔在激光加热过程中和加热结束后的温度分布。利用模拟实验对激光照射吸收腔的过程进行模拟,得到内、外壁温度差的实验数据。利用ANSYS软件,根据激光加热的原理,建立了仿真模型,并用模型对理论分析结果作数值仿真。理论分析结果与实验数据非常接近。在激光照射过程中,虽然吸收腔内、外壁存在渐趋固定的温度差,但当照射结束后,该温差迅速减小,吸收腔到达平衡。     

Performance of GaAs JFET at a cryogenic temperature for application to readout circuit of high-impedance detectors

A GaAs junction field effect transistor (JFET) is a promising candidate for the cryogenic electronics of high-impedance sensitive photoconductors because of its low-noise at low frequencies. This GaAs JFET has advantages compared with other type of FETs, such as no kink phenomena or hysteresis in its current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, small gate leakage currents, and minute capacitance. We report on the noise spectra and leakage current of a SONY n-type GaAs FET in a high-impedance configuration where the gate terminal was surrounded by high-impedance devices at a cryogenic temperature, i.e., 4.2 K. In the high-impedance configuration, we obtained a low noise level and low leakage current of 0.5 /spl mu/V/Hz/sup 1/2/ at 1 Hz and 4.6/spl times/10/sup -19/ A. This result implies that the GaAs JFET is suitable for cryogenic readout electronics. We also discuss the source of the random telegraph signal and the 1/f noise in the GaAs JFET at cryogenic temperatures.     

Magnetic alignment measurements at room and cryogenic temperature of LHC cryodipoles and associated correctors at CERN

Considerable effort is spent at CERN on magnetic alignment measurements of main lattice LHC dipoles, including field direction, curved axis shape and position of in-built correctors, essential to verify the geometry of the assembly and to guarantee correct installation with respect to the reference beam orbit. The current baseline includes measurements of a statistically relevant percentage of cold masses and cryostated magnets before, during and after cryogenic tests. For this, we use a range of scanning probes based either on harmonic coils or fixed coils in AC mode, with laser and telescope trackers to measure position with respect to cryostat fiducials. The dipole is usually powered in "quadrupole mode" to create a convenient magnetic reference. In this paper, we first recall objectives, equipment and methods. Then, we report the status of the test activities, showing results obtained on the first pre-series dipoles, including cross-checks of various measurement systems and correlation between measurements at room and cryogenic temperatures.