鼓泡床锅炉省煤器应用问题浅析

省煤器是鼓泡床锅炉运行事故易发的主要部件之一.本文根据国内几十年鼓泡床锅炉省煤器运行以及改进的状况出发探究其故障机理,详细分析了造成鼓泡床锅炉省煤器故障的原因,并提出了相应的预防措施及改造建议以供参考.     

670t／h锅炉H型肋片管式省煤器的改造

分析了北京京能热电股份有限公司3号锅炉省煤器的设备情况及存在的隐患，提出了3种省煤器的改造方案并进行比较分析，最终选择实施H型肋片管式省煤器改造方案。通过改造后的出口水温试验校核和运行情况可知，改造消除了原省煤器的磨损缺陷，保证了锅炉设备的安全运行，延长了省煤器的运行寿命。     

DG130／9．8-1型锅炉省煤器改造

本文针对锅炉省煤器磨损和传热问题，对采用螺旋肋片省煤器在设计中诸多因素进行分析，同时结合平果铝热电厂群2炉改造工程项目阐述了螺旋肋片省煤器的应用情况。这种螺旋肋片省煤器具有较高的传热效率，可有效地解决磨损问题，提高锅炉效率和使用率，是省煤器改造中较佳选择方式。     

220T/h锅炉省煤器防磨改造探讨

本文对广州发电厂的WGZ220／9．8—13型锅炉省煤器磨损情况进行了介绍，在分析省煤器磨损原因和磨损机理后，提出省煤器防磨改造的方案并进行设计和改造，并给出了改造所取得的效果。     

国产200t/h锅炉省煤器的改造

文章分析了省煤器的磨损机理，比较了几种省煤器的区别，介绍了螺旋肋片式省煤器在燃煤锅炉省煤器磨损问题改造中的成功运用。     

DHN型锅炉省煤器的改进与优化设计

对DHN型热水锅炉的省煤器进行了改造，对省煤器的配置问题做了探讨，找到了铜管省煤器与铸铁省煤器的最佳分界面，从而降低了DHN型锅炉的制造成本，提高了锅炉运行的可靠性，为制造单位和运行使用单位提供了可以借鉴的理论依据。     

一起省煤器爆管的分析

2004年初江阴某热电分厂发生一起省煤器管爆管事例。该锅炉为中温中压35t／h抛煤机链条炉排锅炉，经改造提高出力至45t／h，锅炉整体抬高近两米，尾部受热面作适当调整，其中改动最大的是更换了省煤器，将上、中两组省煤器由原来的光管省煤器改为螺旋鳍片管省煤器，下组仍为光管省煤器，省煤器中间集箱则由原来的中组出口位置下移至下组出口位置。（主要是考虑节距不同，便于设计布置）。     

改造锅炉设备实现汽电平衡

本文介绍了一台锅炉省煤器及增加蒸发量的改造，分析省煤器管漏水的原因，用螺旋鳍片管代替光管式省煤器。采用“一炉二机”的运行方式，解决生产中汽电不平衡的问题。     

螺旋肋片管省煤器的防磨特性及优化设计

分析了螺旋肋片管省煤器的防磨机理，并采用ＤＳＦＤ法对其结构进行了优化计算，可为省煤器的设计和改造提供参考。     

亚临界300MW 燃煤锅炉省煤器改造方案探讨

对天津大港电厂1025/17.5-YM 型锅炉省煤器基本情况进行介绍,在分析省煤器磨损原因及造成的性能影响后,提出省煤器改造的方案并进行设计和改造.     

Heat of vaporization of mixtures

General expressions for the heat of vaporization of mixtures at constant pressure; at constant temperature; and at constant pressure, temperature, and composition are proposed. The last one is related to the liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization or condensation is taking place. Numerical examples by the proposed expressions are shown for binary mixtures of HCFC22(R22) and (HCFC123(R123) © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(1): 12–24, 1996     

Measurements of concentration distribution of hydrogen jet using deflection of center of the laser spot

The main purpose of this work is to propose a new method to evaluate the concentration distribution of the hydrogen jet by using a He–Ne laser through the jet. This research attempts to apply the expression of concentration Gaussian distribution, the refraction formula of inhomogeneous refractive index medium, and the concentration inversion function to disclose the displacement of the center of the laser spot at different heights in the gas jet. The spot images of the laser beam passing through the gas jet at three vertical heights z = 10d, 20d, 30d, and different radial positions are obtained. The radial spatial asymmetry of the gas jet is also found in the experiment. Finally, the calculated concentration distribution curve and the fluent simulation curve, it is found that the two results are very similar. Our findings show that the error between the concentration distribution of this method and the simulated concentration distribution reaches 2.43%.     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

Review of theory of distortion and disintegration of liquid streams

Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed. The various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized. Round jets, planar sheets, annular sheets, and conical sheets are discussed in detail. The balance between capillary and inertial forces is primarily examined. The method for simplifying the analyses in the case of thin liquid sheets is discussed. The capabilities for representing the droplet size distribution that follows the stream disintegration are outlined.     

Constructal optimization of the geometry of an array of micro-channels

This paper documents the geometric optimization of an array of circular and non-circular ducts. The optimization was carried out numerically using finite volume method. As optimal dimensions were independent of the array configuration, the numerical simulation was performed on a unit cell. Numerical optimization for circular, square and isosceles right triangle cross-sections of channels was performed. Based on the results of this investigation, some correlations were proposed to predict the optimal hydraulic diameter and dimensionless heat transfer per unit volume. In addition to examining the effect of pressure drop on these parameters, it was showed that among the different geometries of this study, square cross-section has the most efficiency for a given volume. The numerical results of the present study were compared with approximate results reported in the literature which a good agreement was observed.     

汽轮机零件防锈性能的改善

介绍了汽轮机零件的封存特点、防锈要求及防锈油性能对比试验的方法,通过对试验结果的对比分析,客观验证了各种防锈油的性能。试验表明,只有选择了合适的防锈油,才能保证汽轮机零件长期封存的质量。     

分选机制砂对混凝土性能影响试验研究

平江抽水蓄能电站泵送混凝土使用的花岗岩为主的人工细骨料,云母含量较高.通过分选工艺降低游离云母的机制砂配制混凝土,性能试验结果表明:分选后机制砂混凝土拌和物混凝土用水量减少,混凝土工作性能提高,混凝土的抗冻性能得到改善.     

黄壁庄水库副坝塌陷机理分析

为了调查黄壁庄水库副坝频发塌陷事故的原因,从防渗墙槽壁稳定性角度研究了槽壁稳定性与护壁泥浆重度之间的关系,分析了第六次塌陷前的测试试验结果,并在多种因素共同作用下分析了黄壁庄水库副坝的塌陷机理。结果表明,由于护壁泥浆重度小于设计临界重度,使得槽壁失稳;同时泥浆水渗透到周围非饱和土层,引起土层地下水位上升,尤其是坝基下面的粉土层,在冲击成槽的施工振动、地下水位上升、含水率增加等多种因素的作用下逐渐液化,从而造成承载力降低;另外由于事先未发现基岩中存在溶洞,当成槽钻孔揭穿溶洞时,槽体内的护壁泥浆迅速下沉,槽壁的稳定急剧破坏,致使槽壁完全塌陷。     

煤的燃料(火用)分析

作为重要的一次能源,对煤的燃料(火用)进行分析以确定其最大做功能力,具有重要的理论和现实意义.通过对有关专家研究的总结和分析,认为Rant对燃料(火用)的估算方法既具有科学性,又与实际情况相符.根据电与(火用)的等效性,用发电能力来反映燃料的做功能力,使得基于第二定律的统计更加有效,并能准确揭示其潜力的大小.     

某水库右坝段坝基渗漏特征及原因分析

针对中小型水库中的土石坝容易出现坝基、坝肩和绕坝渗漏的问题,分析了某水库右坝段渗漏部位及由此导致水库无法蓄水的具体原因。通过分析坝址区水位监测孔、钻孔取芯、压水试验、波速测井和钻孔全景成像等资料,发现该水库无法蓄水的最主要原因是坝基灌浆帷幕效果(透水率小于3Lu)未达到预期效果,基岩顶板渗透率很大,仍是主要的渗漏部位和通道,主要渗漏范围为灌浆盖板以下10m内,缘于未探明F3断层和三条张开度极大的卸荷裂隙情况,致使防渗处理存在缺陷。右岸山体基岩裂隙水的地下赋存与冻融对坝后渗漏通道的形成有一定促进作用,应该做出相应风险和灾害评估。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。