橄榄球帽用6061铝合金在热变形过程中的组织及变形行为分析

采用电子万能实验机对橄榄球帽用6061铝合金进行热压缩变形实验,通过光学电镜分析该合金组织变化规律。结果表明,6061铝合金为典型柱状晶结构,应力-应变曲线满足动态再结晶过程。当变形量为60%,应变速率一定时,D2动态再结晶晶粒尺寸和X动态再结晶体积分数均随温度的升高而增加,但D1再结晶晶粒尺寸和Dc最大晶粒尺寸差随温度升高而变小;当温度一定时,D2动态再结晶晶粒尺寸和X动态再结晶体积分数均是随应变速率的变大而不断降低,而D1再结晶晶粒尺寸和Dc最大晶粒尺寸差随温度的增加而变小,随应变速率的变大而变大。     

热变形参数对Co40NiCrMo合金微观组织的影响

通过等温压缩试验和金相分析研究了变形温度，变形程度，应变速率对Co40NiCrMo合金微观组织的影响，研究结果表明：再结晶晶粒尺寸随着变形温度的增加而增大；随着应变速率的增大呈先减小后略有增大的趋势，再结晶体积分数随着变形程度的增加而增大，晶粒尺寸随着变形程度的增加而减小。     

7085铝合金的热变形组织演变及动态再结晶模型

通过等温压缩实验,系统研究热变形参数(变形温度、应变速率及应变量)对7085铝合金热变形组织演变的影响。结果表明:升高变形温度以及降低应变速率,均有利于7085铝合金的动态再结晶发生,导致变形后的7085铝合金位错密度降低,再结晶晶粒尺寸增大;随着应变量的增加,变形后的合金位错密度降低,动态再结晶体积分数增大。采用线性回归方法建立包括峰值应变方程、临界应变方程、动态再结晶动力学方程以及动态再结晶晶粒尺寸方程的7085铝合金动态再结晶模型。     

50Cr5MoV轧辊钢的静态再结晶行为北大核心CSCD

在Gleeble-3500热模拟机上采用双道次热压缩试验,研究50Cr5MoV轧辊钢高温变形道次间隔时间内的静态软化行为,通过应力补偿法计算静态再结晶体积分数,分析热变形温度、应变速率、变形程度以及初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对静态再结晶体积分数的影响,并建立50Cr5MoV轧辊钢的静态再结晶动力学模型,获得静态再结晶激活能191.85 k J/mol。结果表明:变形温度、应变速率、变形程度和道次间隔时间对静态再结晶体积分数影响较大,而初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对静态再结晶体积分数影响很小;将静态再结晶动力学模型的预测值与实测值进行比较,二者吻合较好。     

50Cr5MoV轧辊钢的静态再结晶行为

在Gleeble-3500热模拟机上采用双道次热压缩试验,研究50Cr5MoV轧辊钢高温变形道次间隔时间内的静态软化行为,通过应力补偿法计算静态再结晶体积分数,分析热变形温度、应变速率、变形程度以及初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对静态再结晶体积分数的影响,并建立50Cr5MoV轧辊钢的静态再结晶动力学模型,获得静态再结晶激活能191.85 k J/mol。结果表明:变形温度、应变速率、变形程度和道次间隔时间对静态再结晶体积分数影响较大,而初始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对静态再结晶体积分数影响很小;将静态再结晶动力学模型的预测值与实测值进行比较,二者吻合较好。     

GH4169高温合金的静态再结晶动力学

对GH4169高温合金在Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机进行了双道次和单道次热压缩实验。分析了变形温度、应变速率、间隔保温时间、变形量和初始晶粒尺寸对GH4169高温合金静态再结晶体积分数的影响。实验结果表明:变形温度越高、应变速率越大、道次间隔时间越长,变形量越大,初始晶粒度越小,静态再结晶体积分数越大。根据实验结果,建立了GH4169高温合金的静态再结晶模型,并将所建立的模型的预测结果和实验结果进行了对比分析,二者比较吻合。     

AG700L钢亚动态再结晶行为研究

AG700L钢主要应用于汽车大梁等重要承重结构件。通过在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上采用双道次压缩试验,研究了AG700L钢在应变速率为0.01～2 s^-1、变形温度为950～1 050℃、道次间隔时间为10～120 s不同条件下的亚动态再结晶行为。结果表明：AG700L钢道次间隔内亚动态再结晶行为受变形温度、应变速率和道次间隔时间的影响显著;随变形温度的升高,亚动态再结晶体积分数先缓慢增加,然后迅速增加;随应变速率的增加,亚动态再结晶体积分数先迅速增加,然后趋于平稳;随道次间隔时间的增加,亚动态再结晶体积分数明显增加。随变形温度的升高、应变速率的增加以及道次间隔时间的延长,变形后AG700L钢的晶粒尺寸显著增加,组织变得更加均匀。同时,建立了AG700L钢的亚动态再结晶动力学模型,为其实际生产轧制工艺的制定与优化提供了依据。     

PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶行为

采用双道次热压缩试验对PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶行为进行了研究,分析了不同变形速率、第一道次真应变、变形温度以及初始晶粒尺寸对其静态再结晶体积分数以及晶粒尺寸变化的影响,并且基于试验数据建立了PCrNi3MoV钢的静态再结晶动力学模型和晶粒尺寸模型.结果 表明:在相同间隔时间内,随着第一道次真应变、变形速率、变形...     

Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo合金近等温变形时的平均流动应力及组织演化

研究了Ti-24Al-15Nb-1.5Mo合金在近等温条件下变形时的平均流动应力及组织演化。结果表明：应变速率对合金的力学行为有着显著的影响。在任一变形温度,随着应变速率的增大,平均流动应力明显增大。在变形过程中,变形温度对初生α2相晶粒的尺寸及体积分数有着较大的影响,随着变形温度的升高,其晶粒尺寸逐渐增大、体积分数逐渐减少。应变速率对初生α2相体积分数影响不大,但对其形态和尺寸有一定的影响。较高的应变速率使动态再结晶晶粒来不及长大、相界迁移合并没有时间进行,因而有利于细化晶粒。随着变形程度的提高,晶格畸变能及动态再结晶体积分数增加,使得晶粒细化程度有所增加。     

30CrNi3MoV钢动态再结晶行为及其模型的构建

根据Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机测量30CrNi3MoV钢的真应力-真应变曲线,系统研究了应变速率为0.01、0.1 s^-1时钢材的动态再结晶行为,并构建了其动态再结晶模型。结果表明:30CrNi3MoV钢在高温小应变速率下更容易发生动态再结晶,其热变形激活能为328.2 kJ/mol;通过加工硬化率随流变应力变化曲线(θ-σ)的拐点确定临界应变,可得动态再结晶临界应变方程为ε_c=0.001 22Z^0.175;构建的动态再结晶体积分数及其平均晶粒尺寸模型能够较好地预测试验钢的动态再结晶体积分数及其晶粒尺寸;当应变速率为0.1 s^-1、变形温度为1050 ℃时,试验钢的晶粒最细小、均匀,平均晶粒尺寸约为19.9 μm。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.