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The objective of this work was to determine if in vitro digestion altered the molecular structure and slow digestion property of waxy maize starch. The Englyst testing on partially hydrolysis residual starches showed an increase of RDS accompanied a reduction of RS with increasing time of digestion, while SDS was almost constant. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the pattern of enzymatic hydrolysis was inside-out layer-by-layer digestion. A threefold decrease in the average molecular weight of starch components was observed after α-amylolysis for 120 min. There were increases in the onset temperature, peak temperature and ratio of absorbance 1047/1022 cm−1, while the enthalpy of gelatinization, crystal structure, and crystallinity invaried. These changes suggest simultaneously enzymatic hydrolysis of both crystalline and amorphous regions of starch granule during in vitro digestion. SDS of starch residue also may consists of layered structure of amorphous and crystallite regions and located periphery of starch granules. 相似文献
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Slowly digestible starch from heat-moisture treated waxy potato starch: Preparation,structural characteristics,and glucose response in mice 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Heat-moisture treatment (HMT) was optimised to increase the formation of slowly digestible starch (SDS) in waxy potato starch, and the structural and physiological properties of this starch were investigated. A maximum SDS content (41.8%) consistent with the expected value (40.1%) was obtained after 5 h 20 min at 120 °C with a 25.7% moisture level. Differential scanning calorimetry of HMT starches showed a broadened gelatinization temperature range and a shift in endothermal transition toward higher temperatures. After HMT, relative crystallinity decreased with increasing moisture level and X-ray diffraction patterns changed from B-type to a combination of B- and A-types. Hollow regions were found in the centres of HMT waxy potato starches. HMT intensity significantly influenced SDS level. This study showed that HMT-induced structural changes in waxy potato starch significantly affected its digestibility and the blood glucose levels of mice who consumed it. 相似文献
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湿热处理蜡质玉米淀粉消化性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
主要研究湿热处理对蜡质玉米淀粉消化性影响,通过测定不同处理条件下快消化淀粉,慢消化淀粉和抗性淀粉含量以评价其消化性。研究结果表明,随水分含量、处理温度升高和处理时间延长,蜡质玉米快消化淀粉含量显著下降,而慢消化淀粉和抗性淀粉含量明显上升。 相似文献
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玉米淀粉是肉制品生产中常用的黏结剂,对改善肉制品的组织结构有重要作用。通过对玉米淀粉的糊化黏度的测定,以及脂肪、食盐、葡萄糖、大豆分离蛋白等肉制品中主要成分对玉米淀粉的糊化黏度的影响研究,为玉米淀粉在肉制品中的应用提供理论基础。 相似文献
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Waxy maize starch was treated by pullulanase debranching and retrogradation at room temperature to produce resistant starch (RS). Physicochemical properties, crystalline structure and in-vitro digestibility of starch samples with different RS content were investigated. Compared with native starch, apparent amylose content of RS products increased. Based on Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) the Molecular Weight Distribution (MWD) of resistant starches significantly changed. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that upon pullulanase debranching and retrogradation treatment the granular structure of native starch was destroyed and all RS samples exhibited irregular shaped fragments. Crystal structure of samples changed from A–type to a mixture of B and V–type. The crystallinity of resistant starch also improved as compared with native starch. Moreover, samples with higher resistant starch showed higher relative crystallinity. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) determination showed that To、Tp、Tc and ΔH all increased which was in agreement with RS content. The resistance of waxy maize starch with Pullulanase treatment to α-amylase digestibility also increased, while the in-vitro digestibility of products decreased. 相似文献
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Structural characterizations and digestibility of debranched high-amylose maize starch complexed with lauric acid 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Structural characterizations and digestibility of debranched high-amylose maize starch complexed with lauric acid (LA) were studied. The cooked starch was debranched by using pullulanase and then complexed. Light microscopy showed that the lipids complexed starches had irregularly-shaped particles with strong birefringence. Gel-permeation chromatograms revealed that amylopectin degraded to smaller molecules during increasing debranching time, and the debranch reaction was completed at 12 h. Debranching pretreatment and prolonged debranching time (from 2 h to 24 h) could improve the formation of starch lipids complex. X-ray diffraction pattern of the amylose–lipid complexes changed from V-type to a mixture of B- and V-type polymorphs and relative crystallinity increased as the debranching time increased from 0 to 24 h. In DSC thermograms, complexes from debranched starch displayed three separated endotherms: the melting of the free lauric acid, starch–lipid complexes and retrograded amylose, respectively. The melting temperature and enthalpy changes of starch–lipid complex were gradually enhanced with the increasing of debranching time. However, no significant enthalpy changes were observed from retrograded amylose during the starch–lipid complex formation. Rapidly digestible starch (RDS) content decreased and resistant starch (RS) content increased with the increasing of debranching time, while the highest slowly digestible starch (SDS) content was founded at less debranching time of 2 h. The crystalline structures with dense aggregation of helices from amylose-LA complex and retrograded amylose could be RS, while SDS mostly consisted of imperfect packing of helices between amylopectin residue and amylose or LA. 相似文献
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Impact of mild acid hydrolysis on structure and digestion properties of waxy maize starch 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
In this study, the molecular structure of acid-treated waxy maize starch residues was investigated, and the in vitro digestibility of the residues with 2.2 N HCl at 35 °C for different time periods, was assessed. The granular appearance of waxy maize starch was destroyed and small fractions formed aggregates. A change in chain-length distribution profiles occurred with the degradation of shortest A chains and long B chains in amylopectin. The rise in the ratio of absorbance height at 1047 cm−1 to the height at 1022 cm−1, the intensities of major peaks, Xc, Tp, Tc, and ΔH were observed during mild acid hydrolysis, but the X-ray diffraction patterns displayed A-type for all starches. The amount of rapidly digestible starch increased, whereas the amounts of slowly digestible and resistant starch decreased. These results demonstrate that the amorphous regions of starch granules, including the shortest A chains and long B chains, are preferentially hydrolysed and affect the slow digestion and resistance properties of waxy maize starch. 相似文献
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研究氧化蜡质玉米淀粉颗粒形态、偏光性质、透明度、凝沉性等性质,并与其原淀粉相比较;结果表明,在相同氧化条件下,氧化蜡质玉米淀粉羧基含量要比氧化普通玉米淀粉低;其颗粒外观形状与蜡质玉米淀粉相似,偏光十字清晰,氧化作用发生在无定型区;氧化蜡质玉米淀粉颗粒表面更为粗糙,微孔洞量增加,氧化反应在淀粉颗粒表面和内部进行,颗粒表面发生降解;比其原淀粉显示更高透明度,而凝沉效果相差不大。 相似文献
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普鲁兰酶加酶量对蜡质玉米抗性淀粉影响及性质研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
选用蜡质玉米淀粉为原料,高温糊化后采用普鲁兰酶脱支,产生短直链淀粉,重新结晶制备抗性淀粉。结果表明,8%(w/w)淀粉乳添加20 ASPU/g(基于淀粉干基重)普鲁兰酶在58℃反应24 h,然后在20℃凝沉24 h产生样品抗性淀粉含量最高,达到27.69%。理化性质研究表明,所有抗性淀粉样品颗粒形貌遭到破坏,形成不规则碎片;X-射线衍射图谱均有新的结晶结构出现,显示为B+V型;DSC分析结果显示,随抗性淀粉含量增加,不同样品峰值温度和糊化焓也增加。 相似文献
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Frédéric Robin Christina Heindel Nicolas Pineau Sathaporn Srichuwong Undine Lehmann 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2016,51(6):1319-1326
This study aimed at evaluating the influence of screw speed (250–600 rpm), barrel temperature (100–160 °C) and water content (16.4–22.5%) on rapidly digestible (RDS), slowly digestible (SDS) and resistant (RS) starch levels of waxy, normal and high‐amylose maize starches. In native starches, an increase in amylose content was correlated with lower SDS content. After extrusion, this trend was reversed. Both waxy and normal maize starches became rapidly digested. However, for normal maize starch, some SDS fraction remained. In contrast, the high‐amylose maize starch showed a significant increase in digestibility and an increase in SDS content from 20.4% in the native starch up to 27.5% after extrusion. This high level of SDS may be attributed to the presence of some remaining granular structures and formation of crystalline orders, which have slow digestion properties. 相似文献
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在悬浮液浓度为5%(w/v),温度为(20±2)℃时,对8种不同淀粉进行高压处理5 min使淀粉发生糊化,采用X射线衍射测试技术得到了各种淀粉完全糊化的压力:小麦淀粉和木薯淀粉约为500 MPa,玉米淀粉、荸荠淀粉、糯小麦淀粉和糯米淀粉均为550 MPa,糯玉米淀粉约为650 MPa,马铃薯淀粉为750 MPa. 相似文献
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研究双酶处理形成慢消化淀粉(slowly digestible starch,SDS)的精细结构。采用两种酶(β-淀粉酶的水解作用和转苷酶的转苷作用)对玉米淀粉进行双重处理以期提高慢消化淀粉含量。实验结果发现,经过β-淀粉酶水解后的玉米淀粉再经转苷酶处理,其链长分布、碘吸附作用和消化性能有了显著地变化,并且这种变化随不同的转苷处理时间而有明显差异。原淀粉经过β-淀粉酶处理4h,再经过转苷酶处理24h后的淀粉样品SDS最高含量可以达到13.95%,此时的样品平均链长为12.58,分支密度为7.95%。实验证明酶法改性淀粉可以有效改善淀粉的消化性能。 相似文献
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