改性聚苯醚的发展及现状

介绍了改性聚苯醚（PPO）的发展历史和PPO／PS、PPO／PA、PPO／SB和PPO／饱和弹性体合铁性能及应用,简要介绍了改性剂对PPO合金性能的影响、PPO合金的加工工艺和开发方向、技术动态和发展趋势。     

苯乙烯-GMA共聚物的合成及其在尼龙6/聚苯醚共混体系中的应用

采用悬浮聚合方法合成了苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）共聚物（SG），讨论了各种实验条件对聚合反应的影响。SG共聚物能够有效地与尼龙6分子链端的胺基、羧基和聚苯醚分子链端的羧基发生反应，生成接枝共聚物。将其用于尼龙6／聚苯醚共混体系，发现尼龙6（PA6）／聚苯醚（PPO）／SG三元合金体系与组成相同的PA6／PPO二元合金体系相比，材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长均得到提高。这种共聚物可以作为适用于尼龙／聚苯醚合金体系的反应型增容剂。     

玻纤增强聚苯醚合金的制备与性能研究

通过熔融挤出的方法制备了不同玻纤含量增强的聚苯醚合金（MPPO）,并对复合材料的力学性能和热性能进行了详细的研究。通过DSC分析测试发现弹性体苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）与聚苯醚合金（PPO／HIPS）制备的复合材料只有一个明显的玻璃化转变温度Tg,说明SEBS与聚苯醚合金有着良好的相容性,SEBS的加入可明显改善聚苯醚合金的缺口冲击强度。此外,复合材料随着玻璃纤维含量的增加,其力学性能和热变形温度得到了明显的提高,并达到与国外进口同类材料性能相当的水平。     

新型PA6/PPO合金的研制

采用最新的相容化技术和掺混技术，在尼龙6（PA6）和聚苯醚（PPO）树脂中，加入自制的相容剂，复合增韧剂等，经双螺杆挤出机共混制备出PA6／PPO含量。讨论了相容剂种类及用量，PPO用量，增韧剂的种类对PA6／PPO合金性能的影响。结果表明，当PPO用量为45％，相容剂用量为5％，复合增韧剂用量为10％时，合金的综合性能较好，合金的缺口冲击强度为33.4kJ/m^2，拉伸强度为48.7MPa，弯曲强度为72.0MPa弯曲弹性模量为1750MPa，介绍了PA6／PPO合金的用途。     

国产聚苯醚合金改性的研究

研究了国产聚苯醚(PPO)与高抗冲聚苯乙烯(HIPS)合金的工程化,探讨了PPO含量与PPO/HIPS合金拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度的关系;研究发现(苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS)对此合金具有增韧效果,并研究了抗氧剂1010对PPO/HIPS合金性能的影响。     

道恩成功开发出MPPO及增强MPPO

山东道恩集团所属工程塑料研究中心不久前研制出HIPS改性的MPPO（聚苯醚与苯乙烯聚合物合成的塑料合金）及增强MPPO，性能达到或超过同类进口产品，解决了熔体流动性差、加工成型困难等技术难题。其20％玻纤增强MPPO目前已送客户试用，下一步将进行PPO／PA、PPO／ABS等的开发。     

聚苯醚改性尼龙6及性能探讨

以尼龙6(PA6)为基体树脂,添加聚苯醚(PPO)制备PA6/PPO共混合金,同时添加乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯三元共聚物(8900)、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(1125)、马来酸酐接枝聚苯醚(PPO-g-MAH)等相容剂对PA6/PPO合金进行增容改性。探讨了聚苯醚和相容剂对合金力学性能、耐热性能、加工性能和吸水性能的影响,同时利用荧光光谱技术考察了体系的相容性。实验结果表明,添加5wt%聚苯醚和5wt%相容剂8900时,所制得的合金具有较优异的综合性能。     

不同混合设备对聚苯醚/尼龙66合金性能的影响

通过力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜分析,研究了啮合同向双螺杆挤出机、啮合异向双螺杆挤出机和往复式单螺杆销钉挤出机(Buss机)3种连续共混设备对聚苯醚/聚酰胺66（PPO/PA66）合金性能的影响。结果表明,作为传统共混改性设备,啮合同向双螺杆挤出机适于PPO/PA66合金的制备;啮合异向双螺杆挤出机对于PPO/PA66合金的制备也具有一定的可开发性;Buss机不利于PPO/PA66合金的制备。     

聚苯醚合成与改性应用前景广阔

聚苯醚(PPO)和改性聚苯醚(MPPO)是一种耐高温的热塑性工程塑料，由于PPO树脂本身熔体流动性差，不易热塑加工，若采用高抗冲击聚苯乙烯等共混改性，而制成改性聚苯醚，不但能保持PPO树脂优良的综合性能，同时能有效改善PPO树脂的加工性能，且成本大幅度降低。目前聚苯醚及改性聚苯醚成为世界上开发最成功的高分子合金之一，以其优良的性能和众多品种，发展成为当今世界五大工程塑料之一。     

北京首塑新材料国产聚苯醚合成树脂开发成功

北京首塑新材料科技有限公司与中国蓝星化工集团星新材料股份有限公司芮城分公司签署合作协议，双方将联手推进国产聚苯醚（PPO）合成树脂及改性PPO工程塑料产业化。星新材料公司已在其年产万吨级PPO单体合成及PPO合成树脂产业化装置上成功生产出质量稳定的PPO树脂，首塑新材料公司则用PPO树脂开发成功用于电子信息、汽车等领域的改性聚苯醚（MPPO）系列新材料。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。