挤压铸造对ZA27合金组织及性能的影响

研究了挤压铸造对ZA27合金组织及性能的影响.挤压铸造可以显著提高合金的综合力学性能，抗拉强度指标提高了约19.2%，硬度指标提高了约25.5%，延伸率比重力铸造合金增加了近2倍.挤压铸造使合金的组织细化，并使组织中共晶体的数量明显增多，尺寸减小.共晶体由粗大的长条状变成细小的层片状，ε相由棒状或块状变成细小的点状弥散分布于枝晶间.电子探针分析表明，挤压铸造明显改善了合金元素的显微偏析，使试件整体成份均匀.     

稀土Ce对ZA27合金组织和力学性能的影响

在ZA27合金中加入稀土元素Ce,并采用挤压铸造的加工方法，寻求细化组织和提高力学性能的途径.稀土Ce使ZA27合金的晶粒细化，β相和ε相分布更均匀，并且在晶界处生成了不规则的化合物，该化合物包含Zn、Al、Cu、Ce、Mg等元素.随着含Ce量的增加，化合物的数量增多，有少量偏聚成大块.在挤压力作用下，晶界处ε相要少些.添加稀土Ce后，挤压铸造ZA27合金的抗拉强度、伸长率、硬度均有所提高.结果表明，含Ce量为0.15%时挤压铸造ZA27合金组织和力学性能最好.     

大高径比ZA27合金铸件挤压铸造应力场模拟

大高径比挤压铸件成形时的一个显著特征是压力沿着轴向分布严重不均.作为挤压铸造中的一个重要参数，比压严重影响铸件的组织和性能.利用有限元法对大高径比ZA27合金柱形挤压铸件凝固过程中的压力分布进行了热力耦合数值模拟，分析了铸件比压与显微组织和力学性能的关系.通过改变铸件与模具之间的摩擦系数、高径比，对铸件内部比压分布进行了数值模拟，讨论了工艺参数对比压力分布的影响情况，取得了令人满意的结果.     

大高径比ZA27合金铸件挤压铸造应力场模拟

大高径比挤压铸件成形时的一个显特征是压力沿着轴向分布严重不均．作为挤压铸造中的一个重要参数，比压严重影响铸件的组织和性能．利用有限元法对大高径比ZA27合金柱形挤压铸件凝固过程中的压力分布进行了热力耦合数值模拟，分析了铸件比压与显微组织和力学性能的关系．通过改变铸件与模具之间的摩擦系数、高径比，对铸件内部比压分布进行了数值模拟，讨论了工艺参数对比压力分布的影响情况，取得了令人满意的结果．     

锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的摩擦学性能研究

选用医用锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金材料,利用UMT-II型摩擦磨损试验机,综合考察并比较了不同载荷条件下,25%小牛血清润滑时的摩擦磨损性能,分析了磨损机理.实验结果表明：锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的物相主要由α-CoCr和ε-CoCr固溶体相组成.锻造合金含有较高的α-CoCr相,铸造合金则含有较高的ε-CoCr相,锻造合金的显微硬度略高于铸造合金.25%小牛血清润滑条件下,不同载荷条件下锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的摩擦系数具有相同的变化规律.低载荷时,锻造CoCrMo合金的摩擦系数略高于铸造合金,高载荷时,二者的摩擦系数相当.锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的磨损皆为混合磨损机制,即犁沟磨损为主,并伴有磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损.     

Sr对大挤压比制备Mg-14Li-1Al合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

对Mg-14Li-1Al及Mg-14Li-1Al-0.3Sr合金进行了挤压比分别为4和25的2次正向挤压试验,研究了Sr对大挤压比制备Mg-14Li-1Al合金微观组织及力学性能的影响.研究结果表明：添加质量分数为0.3%Sr到Mg-14Li-1Al合金可以明显细化合金的铸态组织,经2次挤压后合金的晶粒为均匀细小的再结晶晶粒,平均晶粒尺寸大约为25μm,铸态合金中存在的网状第二相Al4Sr在经2次挤压后变成更加细小的颗粒,均匀的分布在基体中．经2次挤压后Mg-14Li-1Al-0.3Sr的力学性能较Mg-14Li-1Al均有提高,其中抗拉强度为220 MPa,屈服强度为197 MPa,延伸率为20%,其断口呈现韧性断裂的特征.     

轧制工艺对ZA35合金组织和性能的影响

为了提高ZA35合金的力学性能,采用轧制工艺制备ZA35合金板坯,利用x-射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相显微镜(OE)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)等技术分析和检测了ZA35合金铸态、不同轧制态和热处理态的显微组织和性能.结果表明:轧制可以显著提高ZA35合金的综合力学性能,使抗拉强度提高了27.8%,硬度指标提高了36.4%,伸长率比铸态增加了近2倍.轧制使合金组织细化,初生α相增多,ε相由块状变成细小的点状弥散分布于枝晶间.轧制合金在经过365℃固溶3h和120℃时效12h热处理后合金力学性能最好,抗拉强度达到512MPa、伸长率为4.9%、硬度为HB127.     

锌及热处理对AM镁合金组织及力学性能的影响

在挤压铸造条件下,研究了锌含量及固溶时效处理对AM60B合金的组织及力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,材料的抗拉强度随锌含量的增加而提高,屈服强度变化不大,但延伸率急剧下降.固溶时效使γ-Mg17Al12相呈片状存在于原晶界、或呈粒状弥散分布于晶内,抗拉强度得到提高,延伸率得到改善,但合金的屈服强度变化不大.     

高强度Ti-Ni-Nb合金的制备与压缩性能

采用铜模铸造法制备了直径为2 mm的三元Ti90-xNixNb10(x=30,33,36)系列合金.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及压缩试验等方法研究了合金的相结构、显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:Ti-Ni-Nb系合金由Ti2Ni块体相和NbNi3枝晶相组成.随着合金元素Ni的增加,NbNi3枝晶相逐渐增多,Ti2Ni相逐渐减少.力学性能表明,随着Ni含量的增加,其合金断裂强度不断增加,当Ni含量为36 at.%时,合金Ti54Ni36Nb10的断裂强度达到了1950 MPa,且其塑性变形量约为1.5%.     

保持架挤压铸造充型和凝固过程的数值模拟

为实现对挤压铸造生产过程的精确控制,运用有限元模拟软件对镁合金轴承保持架进行挤压铸造充型和凝固过程的数值模拟,得出最佳的挤压铸造工艺参数.优化的工艺参数为：浇注温度710 ℃,模具预热温度180 ℃,冲头压射速度25 mm/s,比压200 MPa,保压时间约为20 s.建立了充型时间和凝固时间与模具预热温度和冲头压射速度的数学关系式,并对液态合金的充型及凝固过程进行了可视化观察.模拟结果表明,充型、凝固过程合理,铸件结构完整,效果良好,说明镁合金轴承保持架具有良好的成形性.将此模拟结果应用到实践中,可优化挤压铸造过程,提高工作效率.     

Effect of Nano-sized B_4C Addition on the Mechanical Properties of ZA27 Composites

In order to understand the influence of nano-sized B_4C additive on ZA27 alloy, mechanical and physical properties of ZA27-B_4C nanocomposites were investigated in terms of B_4C content. While physical properties were determined in terms of microstructural studies, density and porosity tests, mechanical properties were determined in terms of ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and hardness experiments. Morphological and microstructural studies were carried out with scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The experimental results indicate that nano-sized B_4C can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of ZA27 alloy effectively. The highest mechanical performance can be obtained at ZA27-0.5% B_4C(in weight) nanocomposite with values of tensile strength(247 MPa) and hardness(141,18 BH) and low partial porosity(0.5%). After a pick point, increasing B_4C ratio may cause the formation of agglomeration in grain boundaries, that's why density, tensile strength, and hardness values are declined.     

Squeeze casting of Al-Cu alloy

In order to use the cast method to replace forge method in producing the load-bearing wheel used in certain heavy duty vehicle, simplified and reduced size load-bearing wheels were squeeze cast and studied using Al-Cu alloy. Tensile properties, hardness, microstructures and morphologies of the squeeze-cast wheels were investigated. The results show that the finer microstructure, higher density, strength, toughness and hardness were achieved through the squeeze casting. Ultimate tensile strength of 428 MPa, yield strength of 360 MPa, elongation of 13.1% were achieved for T5 heat-treated squeeze-cast wheels. The Brinell hardness of squeeze-cast wheels is from HB 120 to HB 137.     

Effect of nano-sized B<Subscript>4</Subscript>C addition on the mechanical properties of ZA27 composites

In order to understand the influence of nano-sized B₄C additive on ZA27 alloy, mechanical and physical properties of ZA27-B₄C nanocomposites were investigated in terms of B₄C content. While physical properties were determined in terms of microstructural studies, density and porosity tests, mechanical properties were determined in terms of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness experiments. Morphological and microstructural studies were carried out with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results indicate that nano-sized B₄C can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of ZA27 alloy effectively. The highest mechanical performance can be obtained at ZA27-0.5% B₄C (in weight) nanocomposite with values of tensile strength (247 MPa) and hardness (141,18 BH) and low partial porosity (0.5%). After a pick point, increasing B₄C ratio may cause the formation of agglomeration in grain boundaries, that’s why density, tensile strength, and hardness values are declined.     

As-cast microstructure,mechanical properties and casting fluidity of ZA84 magnesium alloy containing TiC

The as-cast microstructure, mechanical properties and casting fluidity of ZA84 alloy containing TiC were investigated. The experimental results indicate that adding 0.5wt%TiC to ZA84 alloy can refine the as-cast microstructure, and do not cause the formation of any new phase. After 0.5wt%TiC was added to the ZA84 alloy, the morphology of ternary phases on the grain boundaries changed from coarse quasi-continuous net to fine disconnected net, and the distribution of ternary phases became dispersive and homogeneous. At the same time, the tensile properties of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy at room temperature were comparable to those of AZ91D alloy, and were higher than those of ZA84 alloy. At 150 ℃, the tensile and creep properties of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy were also higher than those of ZA84 and AZ91D alloys. In addition, compared with the AZ91D alloy, the casting fluidity of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy was slightly poor, but better than that of ZA84 alloy. The reason could be related to the effect of TiC on the solidification temperature range of ZA84 alloy.     

SiC_p/ZA22复合材料高温力学性能

采用半固态挤压铸造工艺制备了SiC_p/ZA22复合材料,并测定了其高温条件下的抗拉强度、弹性模量及冲击韧性,同时,分析了复合材料高温性能提高的影响因素,并提出了优化的碳化硅颗粒尺寸和加入量.     

半固态ZA27合金电磁搅拌工艺及其组织和性能的研究

采用电磁搅拌装置制备ZA27合金半固态浆料,研究不同搅拌参数对非枝晶组织和性能的影响。结果表明;搅拌电流越大,晶粒越细小致密,搅拌时间短不足以打碎、圆整ZA27凝固时的先结晶组织,搅拌时间长,先结晶相易发生聚集长大,导致力学性能下降。搅拌时间10 min左右,ZA27合金的组织和性能较佳。     

在凝固过程中加压对铝合金的机械性能的影响

本文介绍在新设计的带有测温装置的小型压力釜中进行了Al-Cu系合金加压铸造的试验,研究了加压时机及施加压力对铸件力学性能的影响。结果表明,加压铸造法使铸件的韧性得到大幅度的提高。文中并介绍了一种在实践中可行的、在任何时机开始加压均可改善铸件力学性能的方法。     

Al-18%Si 合金挤压铸造工艺对性能的影响

本文采用常规仪器设备对 Al-18%Si 过共晶合金的挤压铸件做了性能检测.实验证明:Al-18%Si 合金用磷-稀土变质处理后通过挤压铸造,可获得较好的机械性能,具有工程使用价值.作者还应用电子显微镜观察其断口形貌及位错形态,探讨了挤压铸造工艺使过共晶Al-18%Si 合金强化的机理.