基于互补裂环谐振器的集成波导双工器设计

提出了一种基于圆形互补裂环谐振器的新型基片集成波导双工器。该款双工器工作在C波段,两个通道滤波器的工作频率均低于基片集成波导谐振腔的截止频率,由此达到小型化的目的,通道滤波器的体积较传统基片集成波导滤波器缩小约30%。圆形互补裂环谐振器较方形互补裂环谐振器的小型化效果好,并且更易设计。文中提出了一种新的增加通道隔离度方法,即在两个互补裂环谐振器之间切开一个缝隙。该款双工器已被加工成实物,实测两通道插入损耗为1.75 dB(@3.92 GHz)和1.62 dB(@4.62 GHz),隔离度＞37 dB,实测数据和仿真结果吻合。     

Substrate Integrated Waveguide Loaded by Complementary Split-Ring Resonators and Its Applications to Miniaturized Waveguide Filters

A substrate integrated waveguide with square complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) etched on the waveguide surface is investigated in this paper. The proposed structures allow the implementation of a forward-wave passband propagating below the characteristic cutoff frequency of the waveguide. By changing the orientations of the CSRRs, which are incorporated in the waveguide surface and can be interpreted in terms of electric dipoles, varied passband characteristics are observed. A detailed explanation for the generation and variations of the passbands has been illuminated. The application of this waveguide and CSRR combination technique to the design of miniaturized waveguide bandpass filters characterized by transmission zeros is then illustrated. Filter design methodology is examined. These proposed filters exhibit high selectivity and compact size due to the employment of the subwavelength resonators and an evanescent-wave transmission. By slightly altering the configuration of the CSRRs, we find that the propagation of the TE₁₀ mode can be suppressed and filters with improved selectivity and stopband rejection can be obtained. To verify the presented concept, three different types of filters are fabricated based on the standard printed circuit board process. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation.     

Fractal Geometries of Complementary Split-Ring Resonators

Complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) are typically used as negative-permittivity particles in microstrip left-handed structures. In this paper, novel CSRRs that use a square Sierpinski fractal curve are proposed and studied in detail. It is shown that the application of fractal geometries results in significant miniaturization of the metamaterial unit cell in comparison with conventional and equivalent meander structures. Multiple fractal CSRRs are also analyzed. The influence of different geometrical parameters and the order of the fractal curve on the performances are investigated, as well as the efficiency of excitation of the particles. When used in the design of left-handed transmission lines, fractal complementary split rings improve frequency selectivity in the upper transition band when compared to other nonfractal topologies.     

Compact low-loss monolithic CPW filters using air-gap overlaystructures

In this letter, two types of compact low-loss monolithic coplanar waveguide (CPW) filters using air-gap overlay structures are presented. Vertical stacking in overlay structures offers size reduction. Furthermore, air-gap overlay structures do not require additional dielectric process and are free from dielectric losses. An X-band bandpass filter using air-gap overlaid artificial transmission lines showed 67% size reduction. A stepped-impedance low-pass filter using highly separated metal-air-metal (MAM) capacitors as low-impedance lines achieved not only size but also loss reduction. Small size, low loss, and simple process steps make the air-gap overlay structures very promising for monolithic CPW passive devices such as filters     

Miniaturized coplanar waveguide bandpass filters using multisection stepped-impedance resonators

We report several types of coplanar waveguide tri-section stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) structures that offer further size reduction compared to the conventional two-section SIRs. In addition, the tri-section SIRs provide flexibility of introducing effective capacitive coupling to the ground lines for realizing slow-wave structures. The slow-wave effect can be used to implement more compact bandpass filters. The principles of achieving size reductions using tri-section SIRs are described and confirmed by simulation results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed tri-section SIRs in size reduction, the tri-section SIRs with slow-wave effects were implemented in a two-pole directly coupled bandpass filter and a fourth-order quasi-elliptic bandpass filter with reduced size. The measured results matched well with the theoretical prediction.     

A miniaturized metamaterial slot antenna for wireless applications

A novel miniaturized five band metamaterial inspired slot antenna is reported. The proposed design consists of a ring monopole and metamaterial Rectangular Complementary Split Ring Resonator (RCSRR) as the radiating part, two L and one T–shaped slot as the ground plane, respectively. Miniaturization in the proposed design is accomplished by metamaterial RCSRR, and also, it helps the antenna to operate at 2.9 and 5.2 GHz frequency bands. The aforementioned miniaturization process leads to about 46.8% reduction in volume of the proposed design, as compared to the conventional antenna. The pass band characteristics of the metamaterial RCSRR through waveguide medium are discussed in detail. In order to enhance the operating abilities of the miniaturized antenna, slots are etched out in the ground plane, thereby making the miniaturized antenna further operate at 2.4, 5.6 and 8.8 GHz, respectively. The proposed design has an active patch area of only , with dB bandwidth of about 4.16% (2.35–2.45 GHz), 5.71% (2.63–2.76 GHz), 10.25% (4.44–4.92 GHz), 6.25% (5.42–5.77 GHz) and 2.39% (8.68–8.89 GHz) in simulation, and about 6.86% (2.25–2.41 GHz), 5.01% (2.55–2.7 GHz), 9.16% (4.58–5.02 GHz), 5.38% (5.79–6.11 GHz) and 5.42% (8.44–8.91 GHz) in measurement. The antenna has good impedance matching, acceptable gain and stable radiation characteristics across the operational bandwidths.     

New CRLH-Based Planar Slotted Antennas with Helical Inductors for Wireless Communication Systems,RF-Circuits and Microwave Devices at UHF–SHF Bands

Two novel planar slotted-antennas (PSAs) are presented that exhibit good radiation characteristics at the UHF–SHF bands. The proposed antennas are constructed using metamaterial unit-cells constituted from capacitive slots etched in the radiating patch and grounded spiral shaped inductive stubs. The proposed PSA design is fabricated on a commercially available dielectric substrate, i.e. Rogers RO4003 with permittivity of 3.38 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The first PSA comprising five symmetrical unit-cells of slot–inductor–slot configuration operates over a wide bandwidth extending from 1 to 4.2 GHz with a peak gain of 1.5 dBi and efficiency of 35 % at 2 GHz. The second PSA consists of ten asymmetrical unit-cells of slot–inductor configuration on the same size of substrate as the first PSA, enhances the antenna gain by 2 dB and efficiency by 25 % and operates over 0.75–4.5 GHz. The asymmetrical unit-cell effectively increases the aperture size of the antenna without comprising its size. The electrical size of the antenna is 0.083λ₀ × 0.033λ₀ × 0.005λ₀, where free-space wavelength (λ₀) is 1 GHz.     

Tunable stop-band filter at Q-band based on RF-MEMS metamaterials

Presented for the first time is a metamaterial transmission line that combines complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) and RF microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS). The device consists of a coplanar waveguide structure loaded in its central strip with CSRRs embedding RF-MEMS variable capacitors. Owing to the presence of the CSRRs, the structure behaves as a stop-band filter. Through the actuation of the electrostatic RF-MEMS devices, the electrical characteristics of the CSRRs are modified so that their resonance frequency, and as a result the central frequency of the stop-band filter, can be tuned. This is the first time that an RF-MEMS tunable metamaterial-based filter has been designed for operation at Q-band.     

基于互补开口环谐振器的超宽带低通滤波器

为有效抑制寄生通带和高次谐波的影响,采用互补开口环谐振器结构设计了三种紧凑的新型超宽带低通滤波器。研究了互补开口环谐振器级联的阻带特性,并用来改善滤波器的通带、阻带性能。通过对比第一种滤波器的仿真结果,表明加载互补开口环谐振器的低通滤波器具有更好的裙边衰减和更优的阻带特性。在此基础上,还设计了另外两种新型的超宽带低通滤波器,并对三种滤波器进行了加工和测量,实测结果与仿真结果均较吻合。相关结果表明,三种滤波器具有紧凑的结构、超宽的通带,并在较宽阻带内具有良好的衰减性能。     

Microstrip diplexers design with common resonator sections for compact size, but high isolation

High isolation and compact size microstrip diplexers designed with common resonator sections have been proposed. By exploiting the variable frequency response of the stepped-impedance resonator, resonators can be shared by the two filter channels of the desired diplexer if their fundamental and the first spurious resonant frequency are properly assigned. Size reduction are, therefore, achieved by introducing a few common resonator sections in the circuit. This concept has been verified by the experimental results of two diplexer circuits. One of the diplexers is composed of two three-pole parallel-coupled bandpass filters and the other is composed of two four-pole cross-coupled bandpass filters, which are formed by only five and six resonators, respectively. Both of them occupy extremely small areas while still keeping good isolations. Good agreements are also achieved between measurement and simulation.     

Slow-wave bandpass filters using ring or stepped-impedance hairpinresonators

This paper proposes a new class of slow-wave bandpass filters that uses a microstrip line periodically loaded with microstrip ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators. The new slow-wave periodic structures utilize the parallel and series resonance characteristics of the resonators to construct a bandpass filter. Unlike conventional slow-wave filters, the proposed bandpass filters are designed to produce a narrow passband at the fundamental mode of the resonators. The new filters provide lower insertion loss than that of parallel- or cross-coupled ring and stepped-impedance hairpin bandpass filters. The calculated frequency responses of the filters agree well with experiments     

基于完美吸波超材料的缝隙天线设计

为了改善波导缝隙天线的辐射和散射性能,设计了一种方形环结构的完美吸波超材料(Square LoopPerfect Absorbing Metamaterial,SLPAM),其厚度为0.0057λ,最大吸波率达99.9%,并将此材料作为波导缝隙天线的基板,制备了完美吸波基板波导缝隙天线。仿真和实验结果表明:相比普通波导缝隙天线,优化设计的完美吸波基板波导缝隙天线的定向性得到了明显改善,同时其带内雷达散射截面(RCS)得到了有效减缩,最大减缩值达15.7dB。     

一种基于介质集成波导腔的小型化滤波器

为了实现介质集成波导滤波器的进一步小型化,通常要改进其谐振腔;通过在传统的介质集成波导谐振腔中心位置插入一个短路销钉,并且将其上金属平面与腔体四周的金属壁绝缘可以实现其体积的小型化.采用这种小型化谐振腔,设计了四腔微带滤波器,工作在2.8 GHz,相对带宽14.3％.最终加工了这个原型滤波器,仿真和测试结果吻合良好.相比采用传统的介质集成波导谐振腔的滤波器,这个滤波器尺寸可以减小到其1/4以下.     

Novel coplanar-waveguide bandpass filters using loaded air-bridge enhanced capacitors and broadside-coupled transition structures for wideband spurious suppression

Novel inline coplanar-waveguide (CPW) bandpass filters composed of quarter-wavelength stepped-impedance resonators are proposed, using loaded air-bridge enhanced capacitors and broadside-coupled microstrip-to-CPW transition structures for both wideband spurious suppression and size miniaturization. First, by suitably designing the loaded capacitor implemented by enhancing the air bridges printed over the CPW structure and the resonator parameters, the lower order spurious passbands of the proposed filter may effectively be suppressed. Next, by adopting the broadside-coupled microstrip-to-CPW transitions as the fed structures to provide required input and output coupling capacitances and high attenuation level in the upper stopband, the filter with suppressed higher order spurious responses may be achieved. In this study, two second- and fourth-order inline bandpass filters with wide rejection band are implemented and thoughtfully examined. Specifically, the proposed second-order filter has its stopband extended up to 13.3f/sub 0/, where f/sub 0/ stands for the passband center frequency, and the fourth-order filter even possesses better stopband up to 19.04f/sub 0/ with a satisfactory rejection greater than 30 dB.     

具有小型化与高选择性的双频带通滤波器的设计

为了满足C波段卫星通信系统的应用需求,提出了一种具有小型化与高选择性的双频带通基片集成波导滤波器. 滤波器第一通带由蚀刻在四分之一模基片集成波导腔顶层的L型谐振槽提供,第二通带由新型左右手结构提供. 其中L型谐振槽可以充当四分之一波长谐振器,激励腔内基本模式产生低频处的响应;新型左右手结构较传统结构增大了叉指电容值,降低了谐振频率. 通过仿真优化和测试,双频带通滤波器的中心频率为3.9 GHz和6.2 GHz,相对带宽为3.3%和2.1%,通带之间的衰减优于70 dB,且在通带外存在三个传输零点,具有良好的频率选择性. 表明了所提滤波器具有体积小、选择性高的特性,非常适合集成于卫星通信前端系统中.     

基于近零介电常数超材料的液晶可调带通滤波器设计方法研究

可调带通滤波器是物联网、卫星通信、智能天线等系统中不可缺少的关键器件之一。针对目前对可调带通滤波器小型化、低成本和高集成度等特点的应用需求,提出了一种基于液晶材料的可调带通滤波器设计方法。通过微带传输线结构实现了近零介电常数(epsilon near zero,ENZ)超材料单元结构的设计,并利用ENZ超材料的窄通道隧穿效应有效实现了窄带滤波功能,通过将3个ENZ超材料单元结构串联从而完成了带通滤波器基本结构的设计。在此基础上,将微波液晶材料引入ENZ超材料的隧穿通道中,利用液晶材料在外部驱动电压作用下介电参数可变的特性,最终实现了对带通滤波特性的有效调控。全波数值仿真结果表明,所提出的基于ENZ超材料的液晶带通滤波器能够实现中心频率15.88~16.73 GHz的调控,从而验证了设计方法的有效性。     

双层基片集成波导双通带滤波器设计

根据频率变换法的双通带滤波器综合理论,采用矩形基片集成波导谐振腔作为基本谐振单元,通过谐振器之间直接耦合设计了一种双层结构的双通带基片集成波导滤波器,利用Ansoft HFSS建立滤波器模型并进行全波仿真。仿真结果表明,两个通带内回波损耗均大于20 dB,插入损耗小于0.5 dB,通带之间的阻带衰减特性良好,同时其尺寸压缩了约50%,较好地实现了滤波器的小型化,满足了工程需要的技术指标。     

一种新型垂直极化同轴波导缝隙天线

结合波导缝隙和同轴线结构,提出了一种新型同轴波导缝隙结构实现天线小型化。首先,分析了同轴波导缝隙天线内金属摆线上的电流分布,改进了缝隙形式和摆线设计;然后,利用HFSS软件建立不同缝隙数目的同轴波导缝隙天线模型进行仿真,对比分析驻波带宽和方向图带宽;最后,建立不同缝隙数目的同轴波导缝隙天线有限阵列,对比分析阵列中天线增益和效率。     

基于L型槽结构的小型化SIW滤波器

为了解决传统基片集成波导(SIW)滤波器在通信电路中占用空间较大的问题,提出一种新型的开槽方法实现了小型化SIW滤波器.通过在四分之一模基片集成波导(QMSIW)谐振腔的顶层金属板上蚀刻L型谐振槽,利用开槽扰动的模移技术原理,使QMSIW腔的谐振基模被移动到低频处.基于此,设计了一款中心频率为2.6 GHz,相对带宽为...