基于Web Services面向服务架构的虚拟企业解决方案

虚拟企业是一种跨企业间协作的企业模式,因而企业间的应用集成是建立虚拟企业的关键问题之一。针对传统虚拟企业集成方案的复杂、强耦合以及难以维护等不足,利用WebServices技术及UDDI体系实现虚拟企业的优势,提出一个相应的虚拟企业解决方案模型,以达到与环境无关、主动集成和易于维护等目的。     

基于VESA的虚拟企业构建方案的研究

虚拟企业是二十一世纪制造企业的主要模式,它面向全球范围的企业资源,通过构建虚拟企业的联盟之间重组,实现了联盟企业间的柔性化。如何迅速构建虚拟企业是敏捷制造企业要解决的首要问题。Internet的飞速发展,为企业利用互联网实现虚拟企业的构建提供了基础。文章提出了采用ISP形式的虚拟企业构建方案——虚拟企业服务代理商（Virtual Enterprise Service Agent,VESA）,并探讨了VESA的应用构建框架和处理业务。     

虚拟制造技术在VE型分配泵研发中的实现

该文基于虚拟制造技术,从面向产品伞生命周期的角度,以汽车发动机VE型分配泵为研究对象,研究了以设计为中心的虚拟制造技术在汽车零部件设计中的实现。研究内容主要包括虚拟设计、虚拟样机、虚拟装配、有限无分析、虚拟加工仿真等,并对研究结果进行了实验验证。该文利用该研究力’法重点分析了VE型分配泵传动部件易断裂问题,并结合企业实际给出了解决方案。企业的成功实践表明．将虚拟制造技术应用于产品的开发与改进,是一种切实可行的设计理念和方法。     

应用WSRF实现虚拟企业应用集成的研究

探讨了虚拟企业的内涵、特点和应用集成,分析了Web服务资源构架(WSRF)的规范和研究现状,提出了一种基于WSRF的制造资源的封装机制,将制造资源封装为WS-Resource结构的制造网格资源,有效地屏蔽了资源的复杂性和异构性;在此基础上,设计了基于UDDI和WSRF的企业内部资源和异构环境下的跨企业集成框架,阐述了设计思想,并进行了详细的功能分析,该框架可以有效地实现异构分布的虚拟企业应用的共享和协作。     

Online monitoring and collaborative scheduling method for wheelset cyber-physical production system: A wheelset manufacturing system case study from a Chinese high-speed train enterprise

This paper proposes a quick response collaborative scheduling model based on Cyber-Physical Production System (CPPS) online monitoring to address the problem of quick response repair of disruption in the wheelset manufacturing of high-speed train. A Bogie Wheelset Manufacturing System-Quick response collaboration model (WS-QRC) that integrates disruption management and collaborative scheduling is established. An Enhance Neighborhood-Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO_ENS) algorithm with extended neighborhood search structure is also designed. We take the data of a high-speed train factory in China as an example to verify the feasibility and superiority of the model and algorithm in this paper. Experimental examples have shown the supplier-led negotiation scheduling model and the improved DPSO algorithm are effective in dealing with the disruption and quick response problem during wheelset production.     

Optimisation of partner selection and collaborative transportation scheduling in Virtual Enterprises using GA

Partner selection and transportation scheduling are critical to the success of a Virtual Enterprise. Collaborative transportation is a promising strategy that can help many enterprises survive and thrive in today’s highly competitive market. To help decision makers establish and operate Virtual Enterprises more effectively, an innovative decision support system is proposed in this paper. First, new model for integration of partner selection and collaborative transportation scheduling in Virtual Enterprises is developed. This integrated optimisation problem is very dynamic in nature and it is required to optimise a number of interlinked sub-problems at the same time. Then, a novel Genetic Algorithm with a unique dynamic chromosome representation and genetic operations is developed to find an optimal solution to the integrated problem. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated in a representative case study.     

Manufacturing enterprise collaboration based on a goal-oriented fuzzy trust evaluation model in a virtual enterprise

To cope with the rapidly changing manufacturing environment, enterprise collaboration is getting increasingly more attention than ever before. The virtual enterprise (VE) is a concept that supports temporary alliances of manufacturing enterprises that have various collaboration models, such as extended enterprise, networked enterprise, concurrent enterprise, etc. Selection of trustworthy partners and trust building are important in virtual domains because they have largely been affecting the success of a VE. However, because of its complexity of trust, trust models in the literature are limited in their ability to cope with dynamic and virtual environment. In this paper, we propose a trust evaluation method of supporting enterprise collaboration and maximizing the satisfaction of cooperation. In this context, trust means the goal achievement probability. Trust value of an enterprise can be obtained by a fuzzy inference system whose rule-base is based on the top-level goal of a VE. According to the selector’s preference, various rules can be applied to trust evaluation. For further study, the planning and scheduling problems should be considered along with the trust-based partner selection for collaboration among manufacturing enterprises.     

基于贝叶斯正则化神经网络虚拟企业敏捷性评价

高敏捷性是虚拟企业适应不断变化的市场必备的素质,如何对它进行准确评价是虚拟企业运行中的重要问题,针对此问题先对虚拟企业及其盟员敏捷性之间的关系分析,然后提出在已知虚拟企业盟员敏捷性的基础上用贝叶斯正则化神经网络来计算虚拟企业的敏捷性,最后通过仿真试验测试了该方法的可行性。实验结果证明与非正则化神经网络相比,贝叶斯正则化神经网络的泛化能力强,评价数据结果稳定。该方法可用于各种规模的虚拟企业评价。     

基于多Agent的虚拟企业结构与信息交互

虚拟企业具有分布性、自主性，互操作性，开放性等特点，传统的企业信息系统已经不能满足虚拟企业的这些特殊要求，在分析了多代理技术在虚拟企业中应用的必要性和可行性基础上，将多代理技术引入到虚拟企业信息系统中，构造了一个基于市场机制（Agora）的多Agent虚拟企业体系结构，在此基础上给出了Agent间的合作与协商模型，并描述了Agent之间的信息交互过程，最后对支持虚拟企业生命周期的原型系统的实现过程及信息交互过程进行了描述。     

基于多Agent的虚拟企业系统中通信机制

虚拟企业是面向21世纪提高企业竞争力的有力手段。分析了虚拟企业的基本概念、特点以及体系结构；介绍了Agent的定义、特点和有关Multi-Agent的相关内容：提出了基于Multi-Agent的分布式虚拟企业的体系结构，描述了该系统各Agent之间的通信机制。     

面向联盟企业的智能化专业搜索体系设计与实现

1.引言联盟企业是指在日益激烈的市场竞争中具有不同、互补的技术和生产能力的企业间为响应市场需求而进行动态联合的方式,是一种随着市场需求变化的可重构、可重用、可扩展的动态组织形态。其成员或网络用户是否通过协同网络在分布式组织结构中高效、快捷地获得用户需求、用户定单、产品市场前景和企业生产资源、加工能力、产品资源信息以及虚拟企业内各单元的生产状况、数据、文档等信息,将直接影响     

The relevance of Computer Supported Cooperative Work for advanced manufacturing

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is faced with issues which are crucial to Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). However, despite the large amount of work on Enterprise Integration and its obvious links to the CSCW field, this domain is almost totally absent in the work of the CSCW community. Therefore, this paper is intended to contribute to the discussion on the relevance of CSCW in manufacturing and to combine new concepts for cooperative work with requirements for information system design in production. Production related models, e.g., an order-driven mode of coordination, can be augmented with mechanisms of interaction for coordination, collaboration and co-decision and the design of customer/supplier chains. It is suggested, as one example, to use workflow management technology in advanced manufacturing for shop-floor production planning and control (PPC). The proposed enterprise model and support technology is especially useful for small-batch production.     

A Virtual Enterprise in Mexico: From Concepts to Practice

Latin American economy is growing fast and national enterprises are looking for new ways of improving their competitive position against international firms, specially small and medium enterprises. The concept of Virtual Enterprises can be a new way to do business and exploit business opportunities for these companies. In this report we will discuss the Framework for Virtual Enterprises developed in the Alfa Project called COSME-GVE (Global Virtual Enterprise) and a case of study based on experiences of a Mexican Company is also presented.     

高效强安全的多策略虚拟企业交互认证方案

成员企业间的信任交互是虚拟企业所有安全问题的基础和前提。现有的虚拟企业交互认证方案都没有定期更新和多策略认证功能,且有些不能抵抗合谋攻击,有些不具备身份可追查性,有些将盟主放在主导地位,安全性较差。为此,提出了一个多策略、可定期更新的高效强安全虚拟企业动态认证方案,进行了安全性分析和效率对比。方案可实现证书的定期更新;成员加入或退出时无需改变群私钥、其他成员的密钥和证书,减小了方案实施的代价;实现了多策略证书颁发,更能适应不同成员区别认证的需求;方案还具有抗合谋攻击性、签名成员身份可追查性、部分签名可验证性等多种安全优势。仿真实验表明,相对于其他方案,该方案计算效率更高。     

Partition equalizer: a scheduler for algorithm-agile-encryptor ATM networks

The ability of ATM Networks to support a wide range of applications has made it increasingly popular. As ATM Networks are more widely used, security services become a compelling requirement. Encryption in ATM Networks allows users to select an appropriate algorithm to implement security services for a given application. Algorithm-Agile-Encryptors (AAEs) implement multiple encryption algorithms in a single device. AAEs also reduce operational costs when they are shared among several users. However, algorithm agility may re-order cells belonging to different Virtual Circuits (VCs) and thereby affect the negotiated QoS. The two ways of scheduling the encrypted cells from the AAE are ‘FIFO queuing’ and ‘Delay equalization’. This paper addresses the effect of the existing scheduling schemes on the QoS of ATM Networks. Further, a scheduling scheme called Partition Equalizer (PE) has been proposed and analyzed. It has been shown that the PE reduces both the Cell Transfer Delay and the Cell Delay Variation compared to the other existing schemes such as ‘FIFO queuing’ and ‘Delay equalization’.     

面向虚拟企业的PDM系统研究

分析了虚拟企业对虚拟产品数据管理（VPDM）的功能要求，并从整个产品生命周期涉 及的多个领域出发，提出面向虚拟企业的VPDM体系结构。在此基础上，给出了VPDM在全局模 型、冲突与协商、系统集成等方面的实现技术。     

我国智能制造发展情况与下一步工作思考

制造业是我国的立国之本、强国之基。推动制造业高质量发展,是建设社会主义现代化强国的必由之路。当前,世界各主要强国把智能制造作为巩固制造业全球领先地位、带动制造业回归、继续掌握全球产业价值链中高端的战略选择,纷纷加紧智能制造战略布局。经过近5年的大力发展,我国智能制造成效初显,探寻并持续推进智能制造仍旧是当前和今后很长一段时期我国制造业发展的主攻方向。本文从国内外智能制造发展最新趋势、我国智能制造已形成的成效和经验等方面进行了分析,探寻下一步发展路径,并提出可具体开展的几点思考。     

Distributed planning and control systems for the virtual enterprise: organizational requirements and development life-cycle

This paper describes the requirements analysis and system specification of an Order Promise module to be used as part of a broader Decision Support System for production and operations planning of a Virtual Enterprise. This work is part of a broader project with a particular focus on the microelectronics industry which is a good example of Virtual Enterprise, and where a quick response to the customers needs and to unpredictable changes in production conditions is considered a major factor for success. First, the analysis and specification are presented within a development framework that involves the study of organizational issues of semiconductor enterprises. The use of ontological engineering for supporting the communication and shared understanding of the system concepts is explained and a virtual enterprise ontology is outlined. Following the clarification of the concept of virtual enterprise, the generic techno-organizational requirements for the information system are derived. Finally, a specification of the global planning module and a more detailed one regarding the order promise module is presented.     

Virtual manufacturing as a way for the factory of the future

Virtual Manufacturing represents the emerging approach the enterprises can use to improve their processes, introducing new products more quickly in the market in a cost effective way. The fundamental idea is to create an integrated and synthetic environment, composed of software tools and systems such as Virtual Reality and Simulation to support such processes. This paper presents the Virtual Manufacturing (VM) environment, highlighting the potential application areas and the resulting benefits. The role of Simulation Lab and ITIA-CNR in applying the VM is discussed, the research activities currently carried out by the institutes are presented and two significant cases developed as example of the applicability of the concept are shown. Received: February 2005/Accepted: January 2006     

基于WebService和元数据的虚拟企业信息集成框架

针对虚拟企业对异构分布性信息资源集成的要求,提出了一个基于元数据和Webservice的虚拟企业信息集成框架。详细分析了信息集成协议栈的层次结构,给出虚拟企业服务共享方案和数据共享系统结构。本信息集成框架克服了传统跨平台技术及数据共享技术在实现虚拟企业信息集成中的局限。