Dam risk assistant analysis system design

In order to reduce the labor intensity and task difficulty of dam risk analysis and to meet the actual requirement of dam risk analysis, it is necessary to establish a dam risk assistant analysis system. The program structure and the implementation ways of the dam risk assistant analysis system are analyzed, and a procedural framework with “three-tier and multi-database” structure and “level structure” is established. The concept of dam risk assessment system modular development is proposed and the coupled mode of function module and data is improved. Finally, the dam risk assistant analysis system is developed using Delphi visual programming language.     

Dam risk assistant analysis system design

In order to reduce the labor intensity and task difficulty of dam risk analysis and to meet the actual requirement of dam risk analysis,it is necessary to establish a dam risk assistant analysis system.The program structure and the implementation ways of the dam risk assistant analysis system are analyzed,and a procedural framework with three-tier and multi-database structure and level structure is established.The concept of dam risk assessment system modular development is proposed and the coupled mode of ...     

Risk analysis model for landslide mass of high slope in dam area

In order to identify the threat of reservoir bank landslide to dam safety and reduce the risk of dam failure, impact factors of the landslide are analyzed. The concept of landslide risk degree is put forward to measure the threat of landslide to dam safety. The monotony of the landslide risk assessment function which changes with different affecting factors is analyzed qualitatively. Based on gene automatic programming, a data mining model of the landslide risk assessment function is constructed combined with impact factors of reservoir bank landslide on dam safety. And the assessment function of landslide risk has been excavated and established according to practical project information, which provides a valuable reference for analyzing the impact of landslide on dam risk.

     

Game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation

Arch dam deformation is comprehensively affected by water pressure, temperature, dam’s structural behavior and material properties as well as other factors. Among them the water pressure and temperature are external factors (source factors) that cause dam deformation, and dam’s structural behavior and material properties are the internal factors of deformation (resistance factors). The dam deformation is the result of the mutual game playing between source factors and resistance factors. Therefore, resistance factors of structure and materials that reflect resistance character of arch dam structure are introduced into the traditional model, where structure factor is embodied by the flexibility coefficient of dam body and the maximum dam height, and material property is embodied by the elastic modulus of dam. On the basis of analyzing the correlation between dam deformation and resistance factors, the game model of safety monitoring for arch dam deformation is put forward.

     

Simulation of dam breach development for emergency treatment of the Tangjiashan Quake Lake in China

The Tangjiashan Quake Lake is the largest quake lake triggered by the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake that happened on May 12, 2008 in China, posing high risk of catastrophic flash flood hazards to downstream human life and properties. A physics-based numerical simulation approach is proposed for real-time prediction of dam breach development of the Tangjiashan Quake Lake in the case of emergency treatment. Bed erosion and lateral development of the dam breach are represented through accounting for the underlying physics including selective sediment transport and gravitational collapse. Conceptualized breach erosion model that involves few parameters enables quick calibration based on the monitored hydrological data in emergency analysis where fully geotechnical information about the barrier dam is not available. The process of dam breach development is found to be nonlinear in cascades due to the combined effects of headcutting and bank collapse. The agreement between the simulation results and the observed data shows the applicability of the present approach for emergency analysis of quake lakes. Limitations will arise in the situation where the soil composition of barrier dam is significantly inhomogeneous. Incorporation of circular arc failure for cohesive soil and lateral seepage in bank slope will also enhance its applicability to complex situations.

     

Study on real working performance and overload safety factor of high arch dam

Considering the fact that high arch dams have problems such as complicated stress, high cost, and hazards after being damaged, this paper intends to study the effects of load, material strength, and safety analysis method on dam safety and working performance of arch dams. In this article, the effects of temperature, self weight exaction way and water loading on structure response are first discussed, and a more reasonable way of considering is then put forward. By taking into consideration the mechanical property of materials and comparing the effects of different yield criteria on overloading safety of high arch dams, this paper concludes that brittle characteristics of concrete should be fully considered when conducting safety assessment for high arch dams to avoid overestimating the bearing capacity of the dams. By comparing several typical projects, this paper works out a safety assessment system of multiple safety and relevant engineering analogical analysis methods, which is closer to the actual situation, and thus is able to assess the response of high arch dam structure in a more comprehensive way, elicit the safety coefficients in different situations, and provide a new way of considering the safety assessment of high arch dams.

     

产业结构的“双重性”及其分析模型

构建了我国国民经济结构、产业结构体系图 ;揭示出产业结构的“双重性” ,提出了产业结构的“体内结构”与“体外结构”的概念及内涵 ;构建了产业结构分析的物理模型、计量模型、产业结构优化升级的分析思路及优化程序模式     

Optical properties and cooling performance analyses of single-layer radiative cooling coating with mixture of TiO2 particles and SiO2 particles

Radiative cooling can achieve cooling effect without consuming any energy by delivering energy into outer space(3K) through"atmospheric window"(8–13 μm). Conventional radiative cooling coating with multi-layer structure was severely restricted during application due to its complex preparation process and high cost. In this study, a single-layer radiative cooling coating with mixture of TiO_2 particles and SiO_2 particles was proposed. The algorithm for calculating the radiative properties of the multi-particle system was developed. Monte Carlo ray-tracing method combined with that algorithm was used to solve the radiative transfer equation(RTE) of the single-layer radiative cooling coating with mixture of TiO_2 particles and SiO_2 particles.The effects of particle diameter, volume fraction and coating thickness on radiative cooling performance were analyzed to obtain the best radiative cooling performance. The numerical results indicated that the average reflectivity of the single-layer radiative cooling coating with mixture of TiO_2 particles and SiO_2 particles in the solar spectrum can reach 95.6%, while and the average emissivity in the "atmospheric window" spectrum can reach 94.9% without additional silver-reflectance layer. The average reflectivity in the solar spectrum and average emissivity in the "atmospheric window" spectrum of the single-layer radiative cooling coating with mixture of TiO_2 particles and SiO_2 particles can increase 4.6% and 4.8% compared to the double-layer radiative cooling coating. This numerical research results can provide a theoretical guidance for design and optimization of single-layer radiative cooling coatings containing mixed nanoparticles.     

信息化全球化进程中企业营运通道性能分析

当今迅猛而来的信息化、全球化,在给中国经济带来飞速发展的同时,也不可避免地产生企业信息传输的低效、失真,甚至扭曲。结合定量社会学的相关基本原理及我国企业组织结构的实情及特点,分析了在以“树结构”为体制构架的企业组织系统中存在的问题、缺陷;对信息化进程中企业营运通道性能进行了建模;对“树结构”与“果结构”企业信息运行通道性能进行了比较分析。由此提出了相应的观点---信息化条件下多通道信息系统在信息化进程中可以优化企业运行结构,促进企业组织结构变革,从而在信息化进程中大幅提升信息传输的效率。     

论竞技能力结构理论研究中的几个问题

采用文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法分析竞技能力结构理论与"双子模式"的基本内涵,阐述竞技能力的"弹性现象";讨论"积木模型"补偿功能的弱势特征和"积木模型"构成因素量化标准的不统一特征。     

新课改视野下体育教研室由部门向团队转型的路径选择研究

体育新课改已要求体育教研室从制度和组织层面作出变革。从管理学视角分析,现行结构体现出传统的部门工作方式和特点。由部门向团队的转型有转为“多人一科”、转为“教”、“研”、“训”并重、转为“团队性结构”等多条路径,而“扁平化、宽松化、自决策”的现代环境则是转型成功的保证。     

„Alter“ und „Kosten“ – Faktoren bei Therapieentscheiden am Lebensende? Eine Analyse informeller Wissensstrukturen bei Ärzten und Pflegenden1

Objective:

The qualitative interview study analyses informal knowledge structures of nurses and physicians regarding “age” and “cost” as factors influencing treatment decisions at the end-of-life and as a basis of forming ethical opinions.

Methods:

We used spontaneous statements on “age” and “cost” that were not inquired in a context of studying ageism or rationing. A content analysis was carried out on these statements applying both qualitative and quantitative steps.

Results

The study shows that the factor “age” is much more frequently mentioned as being decisive in therapy decisions at the end-of-life than the factor “cost”. We found indications of potentially unequal treatment and over-treatment of patients at the end-of-life. The data support the assumption that treatment decisions rely on rather informal, non-institutionalized procedures.

Conclusion

Giving the processes of treatment decisions more explicit structure might reduce the risks of unequal treatment and over-treatment and might contribute to results that are ethically better justified.     

大型高墩渡槽的横向动力特性分析

将高墩渡槽简化为一高墩矩形水箱耦联系统,采用解析法分析了该系统的横向自由振动特性,分析结果表明：（１）耦联系统的频率可分为两类,一类为“流体振荡频率”,反映了水体的晃动;另一类为“结构振荡频率”,反映了结构的固有运动．（２）墩顶集中质量显著地影响“结构振荡频率”及“结构振荡振型”．     

大坝原址重建施工导流风险特性研究

随着中国后水电开发时代的到来,大坝重建工程逐渐增多。大坝重建工程导流系统一般由原工程建筑物和新建导流建筑物联合组成,导流系统的组成和功能的丰富化使导流系统约束和导流风险因素更加复杂,导流风险呈现显著的特异性。本文旨在探索大坝重建工程施工导流风险计算方法及其变化规律。在大坝重建工程导流系统分析的基础上,归纳主要致险因素和致险模式,研究建立上游水位、下泄流量、下游水位等致险模式的数学表达,综合建立大坝重建工程导流多维风险判别式。针对系统中的洪水不确定性,利用Gumbel-Hougaard Copula函数描述洪水峰量联合分布,同时考虑原工程控泄规则和导流泄水建筑物的运用规则,利用Monte-Carlo方法模拟导流度汛过程并计算水力要素,结合风险判别式建立大坝重建工程施工导流多维风险计算模型。定性风险分析说明,建筑物的功能和设计标准差异决定了大坝重建工程导流系统的多种致险模式并不完全相关,导流系统风险呈显著多维分布特征。由于风险特性与导流系统配置有关,针对将原大坝作为上游围堰,占用原工程泄流建筑物出口的典型重建工程导流系统,进行了导流风险计算。定量风险特性分析说明：导流风险存在从下游漫顶致险模式向原坝泄水致险模式的转移点,主导致险模式转移的驱动因素是导流系统的泄流量,转移点对应下游围堰可防范的风险上限。研究成果为大坝重建工程导流风险评价和方案优化提供了重要支撑。     

Engineering complex systems applied to risk management in the mining industry

Related to complexity, there is a wide diversity of concepts, ranging from ‘‘systemic" to ‘‘complex", implying a need for a unified terminology. Per different authors, the main drivers of complexity can be found in human behaviour and uncertainty. This complexity, structural or dynamic can be organizational, technological, or nested in their relationship. ISO international standard 31000:2009 definition of risk management ‘‘coordinated activities to direct and control an organization with regard to risk", when applied to economic sectors, industry, services, project, or activity, it requires the use of models or theories as guidelines. Therefore, as its basic elements comprehend human behaviour and/or uncertainty, risk management to be effective and adapted as much as possible to reality, must be operational within complex systems, as already demonstrated in different RD environments. Risk management faces demanding challenges when approaching specific and endogenous needs, such as the mining sector. This paper presents a multivariable function analysis methodology approach based on complex system modelling and through real data corresponding to a risk management tool in the mining sector.     

Topological evolution of laminar juncture flows under different critical parameters

Horseshoe vortex topological structure has been studied extensively in the past, traditional “saddle of separation” and new “attachment saddle point” topologies found in literature both have theoretical basis and experimental and computational evidences for support. The laminar incompressible juncture flows at low Reynolds numbers especially are observed to have new topology. Studies concerning the existence of the new topology though found in literature, the topological evolution and its dependency on various critical flow parameters require further investigation. A Particle Image Velocimetry based analysis is carried out to observe the effect of aspect ratio, δ*/D and shape of the obstacle on laminar horseshoe vortex topology for small obstacles. Rise in aspect ratio evolves the topology from the traditional to new for all the cases observed. The circular cross section obstacles are found more apt to having the new topology compared to square cross sections. It is noted that the sweeping effect of the fluid above the vortex system in which horseshoe vortex is immersed plays a critical role in this evolution. Topological evolution is observed not only in the most upstream singular point region of horseshoe vortex system but also in the corner region. The corner vortex topology evolves from the traditional type to new one before the topological evolution of the most upstream singular point, resulting in a new topological pattern of the laminar juncture flows “separation-attachment combination”. The study may help extend the understanding of the three-dimensional boundary layer separation phenomenon.     

最大无功突变判断故障线路及冲击负荷的影响

提出一种利用“最大无功突变量”判断短路故障线路的方法．大型电力系统中,紧急控制所需采集的信息量多,对控制速度要求高,因此能够准确迅速地判定故障位置非常重要．具有多条出线的电网节点仅取用就地信息,通过以“最大无功突变量”为主判据、“最大故障突变电流”为辅助判据来判断短路故障线路,且不需要远端信息,独立性强．经ＰＳＡＳＰ仿真结果表明,本方法简单可靠、判断迅速、准确有效．     

Adaptive decision-level fusion strategy for the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps using multiple channels of vibration signals

An axial piston pump is a key component that plays the role of the “heart” in hydraulic systems. The pump failure will lead to an unexpected breakdown of the entire hydraulic system or even economic loss and catastrophic safety consequences. Several vibration-based machine learning methods have been developed to detect and diagnose faults of axial piston pumps. However, most of these intelligent diagnosis methods use single-sensor vibration data to monitor the pump health states. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy is unacceptable in most situations due to the complex pump structure and limited sensor information. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-sensor fusion method to improve the fault diagnosis performance of axial piston pumps. The convolutional neural network receives three channels of vibration data and makes the final diagnosis through information fusion at the decision level. The proposed decision fusion method is evaluated on the classification task of leakage levels of an actual axial piston pump. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the classification accuracy by adjusting the probability distribution of classification according to the learned weight matrix.

     

面向工业应用的可穿戴计算技术

工业应用是可穿戴计算技术研究的一个热点问题。该文总结了可穿戴计算技术在各种典型的工业领域中的研究现状,对影响可穿戴计算技术在工业领域推广应用的关键问题,包括可穿戴性和可用性、可穿戴人机交互以及软件体系结构和支撑模式等进行了探讨和分析,最后介绍了面向可穿戴计算工业应用的创新车间信息环境模式——“知晓车间”,以及可穿戴现场作业辅助系统。