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1.
Many economic and social systems are essentially large multi-agent systems.By means of computational modeling, the complicated behavior of such systemscan be investigated. Modeling a multi-agent system as an evolutionary agentsystem, several important choices have to be made for evolutionary operators.Especially, it is to be expected that evolutionary dynamics substantiallydepend on the selection scheme. We therefore investigate the influence ofevolutionary selection mechanisms on a fundamental problem: the iteratedprisoner's dilemma (IPD), an elegant model for the emergence of cooperationin a multi-agent system. We observe various types of behavior, cooperationlevel, and stability, depending on the selection mechanism and the selectionintensity. Hence, our results are important for (1) the proper choice andapplication of selection schemes when modeling real economic situations and(2) assessing the validity of the conclusions drawn from computer experimentswith these models. We also conclude that the role of selection in theevolution of multi-agent systems should be investigated further, for instanceusing more detailed and complex agent interaction models.  相似文献   

2.
We propose a simple rule of thumb on how to choose one's game partner thatallows economic agents who care about the future to learn to cooperate inthe iterated prisoner's dilemma. This rule of thumb uses partner selectionstrategically to reward cooperative behavior and teach defectors a lesson.This reward and punishment scheme leads to higher payoffs of non-exploitivestrategies and slowly converts defectors, who are attracted by the higherpayoffs, into non-exploitive types. Simulations show that the convergence tostable cooperative behavior is rather fast.  相似文献   

3.
Q-learning算法及其在囚徒困境问题中的实现   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Q-learning是一种优良的强化学习算法。该文首先阐述了Q-learning的基本学习机制,然后以囚徒困境问题为背景,分析、对比T Q-learning算法与TFT算法,验证了 Q-learning算法的优良特性。  相似文献   

4.
基于迭代函数系统的森林景物的动态模拟技术的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
文章给出了一种基于迭代函数系统IFS的森林景物的动态模拟方法。首先介绍了以迭代函数系统来探索和解决森林树木这一类自然景物的计算机生成问题的途径,然后从一个已模拟景物的IFS吸引子出发,改变参数自动生成无重复的序列画面,以此达到对森林景物动态模拟的目的。用此方法生成的前后两帧图形之间既有区别,又具有相对的连续性。为计算机动画对复杂的自然景物的动态模拟提供了一条新的途径。  相似文献   

5.
MG是描述多个体竞争性系统的一个结构简单但行为复杂的模型。MG模型的一个重要的机制是支付函数,它决定了对模型主体的财富和主体的策略的更新规则。该文研究了不同支付函数形式对模型的影响,发现支付函数只要是奖励赢方(少数方),惩罚输方(多数方),模型的突现行为就不会改变,与奖惩的具体形式无关,同时还发现模型突现行为有两个必要条件,一是主体必须竞争有限资源,二是在竞争中必须规定“拥挤效应”。  相似文献   

6.
We examine the effect of information sharing within small world networks. Agents receive a signal correlated with the state of the world (SoW) which is adjusted following discussions with neighbours. If one agent in the network, referred to as an expert, does not engage in social learning (that is they always follow their own signal) then all agents learn the SoW. It is found that volatility in the mean level of expectations varies with changes in the number of experts and the network structure. A trade-off emerges between the level of volatility and the speed at which agents learn of changes to the SoW. A second finding is that certain network structures lead to information cascades.   相似文献   

7.
电信资费问题是当前用户关注的焦点之一,其中市话表式计费由于涉及用户量大,不提供详细通话清单,因而对计费的准确率提出了很高的要求。本文在对原市话计费系统进行深入分析的基础上,介绍了在开发市话表式计费系统的过程中,为提高市话计费准确率所采取的各项措施与功能的设计思想及其实现。  相似文献   

8.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the interaction between the source and the level of feedback in blended learning courses on students' self-efficacy and achievement. To achieve this goal, the researcher conducted a quasi-experimental study on a sample consisted of 34 graduates students enrolled in a master program in distance teaching and training at the Arabian Gulf University. They were divided into two groups: pair+ feedback and focus group+ feedback. A framework for the interaction between the source and the level of feedback was developed and applied on a mixed assessment technique that combined both formative assessment and summative assessment tasks. The comparison of pre-test post-test for each group revealed that both pair+ and focus group+ feedback in blended learning have a statistical and a practical impact on students' self-efficacy and achievement when provided at multiple levels. Moreover, the comparison between groups in the post-test revealed that focus group+ feedback is more likely to improve students' self-efficacy and academic achievement much better than pair+ feedback specially when provided at multiple levels. The results of this study also revealed that feedback source when delivered at multiple levels could be a supporting metaphor for cognitive, psychosocial and affective scaffoldings through a combination of pedagogical, social and mental presence.  相似文献   

9.
MIQR Active Learning on a Continuous Function and a Discontinuous Function   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Active learning balances the cost of data acquisition against its usefulness for training. We select only those data points which are the most informative about the system being modelled. The MIQR (Maximum Inter-Quartile Range) criterion is defined by computing the inter-quartile range of the outputs of an ensemble of networks, and finding the input parameter values for which this is maximal. This method ensures data selection is not unduly influenced by ‘outliers’, but is principally dependent upon the ‘mainstream’ state of the ensemble. MIQR is more effective and efficient than contending methods1 . The algorithm automatically regulates the training threshold and the network architecture as necessary. We compare active learning methods by applying them to a continuous function and a discontinuous function. Training is more difficult for a discontinuous function than a continuous function, and the volume of data for active learning is substantially less than for passive learning.  相似文献   

10.
This article presents an overview of the neural networks approach to user modelling and intelligent interface. We analyse and discuss activities in user modelling and intelligent interface. Activities of various neural networks models are introduced to illustrate how user modelling problems can be solved by neural networks. The practical utility of neural networks in supporting user modelling and intelligent interface is demonstrated by reviewing a selection of neural networks developed in this area. Structured summaries are provided for comparative purpose.  相似文献   

11.
局部线性嵌入算法(LLE)是流形学习中非线性数据降维的重要方法之一。考虑数据点分布大多呈现不均匀性,LLE对近邻点的选取方式将会导致大量的信息丢失。根据其不足,提出一种基于数据点松紧度的局部线性嵌入改进算法——tLLE算法,针对数据点分布不均匀的数据集,tLLE算法能有效地进行维数约简,且具有比LLE更好的降维效果。在人造数据和现实数据上的嵌入以及分类识别结果表明了tLLE算法的有效性。  相似文献   

12.
市场经济是法制经济。积极有效的立法是解决市场失灵维护竞争发展的重要手段,政府从以往一味的优惠政策推动经济总量发展向追求规范行业引导市场的高速转变经济发展的质量和追求市场整体战略利益,是法律工具在新时代应有的价值和功能,珠海打印耗材市场在国内目前市场的有利地位和行业隐患,迫切需要从政策立法的高度展开科学发展观的实践,推动行业和产业升级。  相似文献   

13.
以提高多媒体教学效果为目的,结合某高校实际情况,用Flash软件制作了一门课程的课件。该课件中使用Flash中的3D工具和AS3.0结合,模拟了计算机组装过程,可以让学生在模拟环境中感知部件,模拟装机,提高学生动手能力,也节约了教学成本。  相似文献   

14.
随着局域网应用的发展和深入,其硬件平台、操作系统和应用软件等已变得越来越繁杂和难以统一管理,各种各样的网络故障层出不穷,而且大部分都与局域网的综合性能有关.严重干扰和阻碍了用户的日常工作,给企事业单位的生产和经营带来了不应有的损失.从实战角度出发,着重探讨如何通过对网络配置、网络布局、服务平台和网络管理等方面的调试和优化,使局域网的综合性能得到明显改善。  相似文献   

15.
本文介绍什么是DHCP及DHCP的工作方式,并给出了DHCP服务器的安装和设置的详细步骤,具有较强可操作性。  相似文献   

16.
信息化教学就是在信息化环境中,教育者与学习者借助现代教育媒体、教育信息资源和教育技术方法进行的双边活动。信息化教学设计课件是支持信息化教学的基础,课件的交互功能则是信息化教学的灵魂。与其他课件制作软件相比,Dreamweaver软件制作的课件交互功能很强,如何在Dreamweaver中实现交互功能,就其制作实践进行了探讨。  相似文献   

17.
旅行商问题(Traveling Salesman Problem,TSP)是组合优化中最典型的NP难问题之一,长期以来人们都在寻求快速高效的近似算法以在合理的计算时间内准确地解决大规模问题,并设计出许多高效实用的启发式和宏启发式算法,其中循环LK算法是性能最好和最具代表性的算法之一.作者研究了该算法的运行时间分布:通过对TSPLIB中大量不同规模的TSP实例的运行时间分布的统计分析和拟合,发现求解TSP问题的循环LK算法的运行时间分布很好地服从Weibull分布,并进一步给出了该分布对求解TSP问题的物理意义.作者同时首次给出了循环LK算法求解TSP问题得到的解的性能分布以及由此得到的一些有实际指导意义的结论.  相似文献   

18.
19.
城市精神反映了城市共同的理想目标、精神信念、文化底蕴、行为准则和生活方式的价值观念体系和群体意识,城市精神通过城市行为识别并表现出来。城市精神识别与政府行为、企业行为、公众行为、窗口行业行为、市民个体行为、行为环境改善、经济健康发展等城市行为具有互动性。城市精神的行为识别表现将促进城市形象的建设,增进城市个性繁荣与城市可持续发展,塑造完美的城市文化,延续历史文脉,促进社会文明。  相似文献   

20.
简要介绍了校园无线局域网,详细探讨了校园无线局域网的安全策略。  相似文献   

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