Ti–Ni alloys as MH electrodes in Ni–MH accumulators

In hydrogen solid–gas reaction at 300 K and 1 bar, the hydrogen content for Ti_3.87Ni_1.73Fe_0.7O_x (0.2≤ × ≤0.8) alloys was in range 1.93–0.05 (Cwt.H,%), and discharge capacity of 360–235 A h/kg was achieved accordingly. The ΔHH₂$\Delta H_{{\text{H}}_2}$ and ΔSH₂$\Delta S_{{\text{H}}_2}$ values of −32.29 kJ mol⁻¹ and −111.04 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, for Ti_3.87Ni_1.73Fe_0.7O_0.5 alloy were obtained using experimental PCT relations, where hysteresis effect was only slightly visible. The half-cell potentials (vs. Hg/HgO) of metal hydride (MH) electrodes based on Ti_3.87Ni_1.73Fe_0.7O_x (0.2≤ ×≤ 0.8) alloys were calculated.     

Ni/a-Si肖特基势垒太阳电池

在非晶硅电池的三种基本形式中,M/a-Si肖特基势垒结构发展得最早,曾一度领先,但由于它的开路电压受所用金属功函数的限制,加之存在稳定性问题,因而缺乏足够的竞争力。针对这些问题,已经开展了广泛的研究。 我们发现,不稳定性主要来自M/a-Si肖特基结的退化,而这种退化过程不仅受外界环     

Co–Ni/WC-AC catalysts for dry reforming of methane: The role of Ni species

To improve the DRM reaction performance of the catalysts, a series of Co–Ni/WC-AC catalysts are prepared by impregnation using WC-AC as the support. The structural features of the fresh and spent catalysts are characterized by BET, XRD, H₂-TPR, XPS and TG. The results show that the introduction of Ni in the 20Co/WC-AC catalyst promotes the conversion of W species to WC. Further, WC enhances the interaction between the active metal and the support. Thus, the activity and sintering resistance of Co–Ni/WC-AC catalysts are improved. It is also found that the introduction of different ratios of Ni has a significant effect on the chemical environment (oxygen environment) on the catalyst surface.10Co–10Ni/WC-AC catalysts showed high surface O_α and O_β contents of 26% and 53%, respectively. The catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance. The conversion of CH₄ and CO₂ is stable at about 84% and 85% at 800 °C.     

Ni,Cr渗层性能研究

本文简要介绍了ＮｉＣｒ渗层的组织状态，对性能的影响及抗腐蚀试验结果，试验结果认为ＮｉＣｒ渗层有较好的抗氧化性及耐硫酸腐蚀的性能。     

新型Ni102B焊条的研制

论述了新型Ni102B镍基焊条的研制、焊接工艺试验及在高强钢焊接的生产应用。     

One-step potentiostatic electrodeposition of Ni–Se–Mo film on Ni foam for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction

Exploring efficient, abundant, low-cost and stable materials for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is highly desired but still a challenging task. Herein, Ni–Se–Mo electrocatalysts supported on nickel foam (NF) substrate were synthesized by a facile one-step electrodeposition method. The Ni–Se–Mo film presents high electrocatalytic activity and stability toward HER, with a low overpotential of 101 mV to afford a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² in 1.0 M KOH medium. Such excellent HER performance of Ni–Se–Mo film induced by the synergistic effects from Mo-doped Ni–Se film leads to the fast electron transfer. This work provides the validity of interface engineering strategy in preparing highly efficient transition metal chalcogenides based HER electrocatalysts.     

Hydrogen absorption characteristics of mechanically alloyed Ti–Zr–Ni and Ti–V–Ni powders

A first investigation into the production of amorphous and nanostructured Ti-based alloys with nominal compositions Ti_41.5Zr_41.5Ni₁₇, Ti₆₁Zr₂₂Ni₁₇, Ti_41.5V_41.5Ni₁₇ and Ti₆₁V₂₂Ni₁₇ by mechanical alloying (MA) technique is presented. This technique was adopted to produce alloys' powders with high fresh surface area that were active for hydrogen storage. Hydrogen absorption characteristics and structure changes in the alloys after hydrogenation were investigated. Gas phase hydrogenation of the Ti–Zr–Ni alloys, at 573 K and an initial hydrogen pressure of 2 MPa, exhibited good hydriding properties and started at a maximal rate without induction period with a hydrogenation capacity up to 1.2 wt%. However, hydriding of Ti–V–Ni alloys at the same conditions exhibited slower rates. The Ti₆₁V₂₂Ni₁₇ composition showed high hydrogen absorption capacity of 1.8 wt% and exceeded 4 wt% at 345 K. In addition, the Ti–V–Ni alloys showed structure stability after hydrogenation and retained the amorphous structure.     

Ni–P and Ni–Cu–P modified carbon catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation in KOH solution

The electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol was studied on Ni–P and Ni–Cu–P supported over commercial carbon electrodes in 0.1 M KOH solution. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques were employed. Electroless deposition technique was adopted for the preparation of these catalysts. The effect of the electroless deposition parameters on the catalytic activity of the formed samples was examined. They involve the variation of the deposition time, pH and temperature. The scanning electron micrography showed a compact Ni–P surface with a smooth and low porous structure. A decreased amount of nickel and phosphorus was detected by EDX analysis in the formed catalyst after adding copper to the deposition solution. However, an improvement in the catalytic performance of Ni–Cu–P/C samples was noticed. This is attributed to the presence of copper hydroxide/nickel oxyhydroxide species. It suppresses the formation of γ-NiOOH phase and stabilizes β-NiOOH form. Linear dependence of the oxidation current density on the square root of the scan rate reveals the diffusion controlled behaviour.     

The electrochemical behavior of Ni–MH battery,Ni(OH)2 electrode and metal hydride electrode

In the past years, the nickel–metal hydride rechargeable battery is already been widely used in many application fields, and is now replacing the nickel–cadmium battery. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique is extensively used to reveal the electrode process kinetics, for example, Pb–H₂SO₄ battery, Ni–Cd battery. There are few reports on the EIS of Ni–MH battery. In this paper, an extensive study is focused on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of metal hydride electrode, β–Ni(OH)₂ electrode and Ni–MH battery with different states of charge.     

06Cr25Ni20不锈钢裂纹分析

采用无损检测的方法,对垃圾锅炉中集箱进口段的端盖与手孔之间的缺陷进行分析。分析结果表明,集箱进口段的端盖与手孔之间的缺陷为裂纹,其主要是受焊接热输入量的影响,致使奥氏体不锈钢产生热裂纹,并提出防止对奥氏体不锈钢焊接的工艺及相关措施。     

Hydrogen in Ce2Ni1−xSi1+x and Ce6Ni2Si3 compounds

Hydrogen interaction with Ce₂Ni_0.8Si_1.2,Ce₂NiSi, Ce₂Ni_1.2Si_0.8 and Ce₆Ni₂Si₃ compounds were studied. The new hydride phases containing 3.7, 4.4, 4.9,and 10.9 hydrogen atoms per formula unit correspondingly, have been synthesized andcharacterized by X-ray diffraction and thermodesorption methods. All hydrides preservedstructure type of the starting compounds with pronounced anisotropic distortion of crystal lattice.Some suggestions on hydrogen localization in interstitial sites have been proposed.     

高浓度含Ni废水回收利用工程实例

介绍了采用凝集沉淀装置、加压浮上槽、重力过滤器、反渗透装置等处理单元,对高浓度含Ni废水进行处理并回收利用的工程实例。回收水水质优于自来水,全部应用于制造纯水。回收过程产生的浓排水经螯合树脂吸附后,达标排放,pH=6~9,CODCr50 mg/L,Ni0.1 mg/L,低于GB21900-2008电镀污染物排放标准中水污染物特别排放限值。     

高精度0Cr18Ni10Ti（1Cr18Ni9Ti）奥氏体不锈钢件的机械加工

本文介绍了ＯＣｒ１８Ｎｉ１０Ｔｉ（１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ）奥氏体不锈钢的加工特性及在车削加工中易出现的质量问题,详细阐述了为防止产生质量问题崦应采取的措施。文中有论述,也有经验介绍,对掌握０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ１９０Ｔｉ（１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ）材料的车削加工及保证由该种材料的高精度工件的加工质量具有启发及指导作用。     

Kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction on stabilized Ni,Pt and Ni–Pt nanoparticles obtained by an organometallic approach

Both (Ni, Pt) and bimetallic (Ni_xPt; x = 1, 2, 3) nanoparticles have been synthesized by hydrogenation of Ni(cod)₂ ad Pt₂(dba)₃ in the presence of a weak coordinating ligand, hexadecylamine (CH₃(CH₂)₁₅NH_2, HDA). These nanostructures were characterized by different techniques (Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM)), and were evaluated as Hydrogen Evolution Reaction electrocatalysts in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. The effects of varying the platinum amount during the synthesis were systematically studied by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. HRTEM shows that the bimetallic nanostructures display a different morphology compared to that observed for pure Ni and Pt ones. The process of hydrogen adsorption–desorption in the as-prepared electrodes seems to occur in (110) and (100) facets. It was found that the increase in the activity for the HER is due to an increased electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) and/or stabilization in the case of elemental electrode materials; and to the effect of Pt amount in the case of the Ni–Pt nanostructures (synergistic effect leads to lower overpotential). It has been established that the main pathway for the HER is Volmer–Heyrovsky.     

碳钢表面激光熔敷Ni基Cr3C2／（Ni＋Cr）复合涂层的研究

使用2kw连续波CO2激光器在45^#钢表面进行激光熔敷Ni合金中添加50wt%Ni Cr包敷的Cr3C2复合粉的复合少层，并对激光熔敷层的晶体生长形态、物相和硬度进行了分析。结果表明：熔敷层由下至上可分为平面前沿生长区，胸状晶区及枝晶：熔敷区的近表层由高度细小的奥氏体枝晶和C7C3、Cr3C2等物组成，熔敷层的硬度平均高达HV0.2950-1200。添加Cr3C2粒子的激光熔敷层的显微硬度比镍基合金的显微硬度平均提高了HV0.2300。     

Evaluation of Pt–Ru–Ni and Pt–Sn–Ni catalysts as anodes in direct ethanol fuel cells

In this study, the electrooxidation of ethanol on carbon supported Pt–Ru–Ni and Pt–Sn–Ni catalysts is electrochemically studied through cyclic voltammetry at 50 °C in direct ethanol fuel cells. All electrocatalysts are prepared using the ethylene glycol-reduction process and are chemically characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). For fuel cell evaluation, electrodes are prepared by the transfer-decal method. Nickel addition to the anode improves DEFC performance. When Pt₇₅Ru₁₅Ni₁₀/C is used as an anode catalyst, the current density obtained in the fuel cell is greater than that of all other investigated catalysts. Tri-metallic catalytic mixtures have a higher performance relative to bi-metallic catalysts. These results are in agreement with CV results that display greater activity for PtRuNi at higher potentials.     

Synthesis and characterization of macroporous Ni,Co and Ni–Co electrocatalytic deposits for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media

In this work, macroporous Ni, Co and Ni–Co electrodes have been developed by co-deposition at high current density on stainless steel (AISI 304) substrates. The obtained materials were characterized both morphologically and chemically by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and SEM coupled with EDX analysis. The activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the obtained layers was assessed by using pseudo-steady-state polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in alkaline solution (30 wt.% KOH). The electrochemical results show that HER on these electrodes takes place by the Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanism. The synthesized coatings present higher catalytic activity for HER than commercial smooth Ni electrode. As the Co content increases in the electrodeposition bath the obtained structures show lower surface roughness factors. Ni–Co deposit with a Co content of 43 at.% manifests the highest intrinsic activity for HER as a consequence of the synergetic combination of Ni and Co.     

Experimental fouling investigation with electroless Ni–P coatings

Advanced fouling mitigation techniques include approaches to increase the duration of the induction period and/or to decrease the fouling rate during the deposition process. One such technique is to generate heat transfer surfaces with high repulsive forces to make them less attractive to the deposition of dissolved or suspended matter. The present work investigates and compares different electroless Ni–P coatings with or without boron-nitride (BN). The incorporation of boron-nitride into Ni–P coatings increases the electron donor component of surface energy which in turn reduces the propensity of the coating to fouling. A systematic set of fouling runs has been conducted to investigate the influence of these coatings on the interaction energies between CaSO₄ deposits and modified surfaces. The results show that the Ni–P coatings with Boron-nitride exhibit excellent anti-fouling behaviour compared to pure Ni–P coatings or untreated stainless steel surfaces. Surfaces having a higher electron donor component in case of Ni–P–BN produce a higher repulsive energy which causes the adhesion force between the surface and deposits to decrease. A simultaneous set of reproducibility and cleanability experiments, however, reveals that the observed surface properties of the investigated coatings are prone to significant aging after each fouling run, leading to poor abrasion resistance.     

ZG20Ni3低温承压铁素体钢的研制

本文通过化学成份的控制,热处理工艺的调整来满足ZG20Ni3钢性能要求,特别是为满足－73℃的冲击值作了探讨。     

ZGCr19Ni9静叶片的脆性断裂分析

利用扫描电镜，能谱仪，光学显微镜，采用化学分析等方法，地汽轮机末端级静叶片的脆性断裂原因进行了分析，结果表明，叶片的脆性断裂源于硅含量的过高，形成了σ相，脆化了材料所致。