合金白口铸铁在外约束条件下的热疲劳行为

研究了在外约束条件下三种合金白口铸铁的热疲劳行为及热循环上限温度对热疲劳行国的影响。结果表明，在热循环过程中基体组织发生动态回复和再结晶，材料产生循环软化；在外约束条件下合金铸铁的热疲劳寿命决定于循环加热时材料塑性变形抗力及对热循环办化的抗力；三种材料中１８Ｃｒ２Ｗ及１５Ｃｒ３Ｍｏ具有较高的热疲劳抗力；对于同一种材料，循环上限温度愈高，热疲劳寿命愈低。     

铸态高铬铸铁柱状晶粒区耐磨性研究

在二体磨料磨损系统中,使用不同硬度的磨料研究了２８％Ｃｒ铸铁柱状晶粒区不同方向上的耐磨性。结果表明,碳化物位向对铸铁耐磨性的影响与磨料硬度有关。使用硬磨料时碳化物位向对铸铁耐磨性的影响很小,使用中等硬度的磨料时碳化物纤维垂直于磨损面排列会降低铸铁的耐磨性,当使用低硬度磨料,碳化物纤维垂直于磨损面排列时才显著提高铸铁的耐磨性。     

钛、硼高铬铸铁的试验及应用

研究Ti和B对高铬铸铁组织和性能的影响表明川和B能使高铬铸铁组织细化,硬度提高,动态断裂韧性提高33％,抗磨性提高。根据装机试验,用这种铸铁铸造的衬板寿命比不加Ti8衬板寿命提高二倍。     

衬板,锤头和齿板用钨渣合金铸铁件的研制与应用

通过对球磨机衬板、齿板和锤头服役条件的分析，研究了利用钨渣的低铬合金铸铁来制造耐磨件，耐磨性比高锰钢提高约０．５倍，成本低，工艺简单。     

多元微合金化稀土中锰白口铸铁磨球的研究和应用

本文研究了多元微合金化对稀土中锰白口铸铁显微组织、机械性能和抗磨性的影响。实验结果表明:稀土中锰白口铸铁加入多元微合金后,组织细化,韧性和耐磨性提高。生产验证表明:含多元微合金的稀土中锰白口铸铁磨球硬度均匀,球耗量低(60～80克/吨水泥),耐磨性是40Cr锻钢球的2～3倍。     

有关高铬铸铁磨球的一些问题

根据实验及现场调查结果阐述了铬白口铸铁的组织组成、化学成分及生产工艺对磨球使用寿命的影响。并推荐具有（α＋Ｃｒ７Ｃ３）聚合组织的高铬铸铁用于水泥球磨机磨球。     

W-Cu耐磨蚀铸铁新材料

Ｗ－Ｃｕ耐磨蚀铸铁具有耐腐蚀与抗磨蚀双重性能,本文介绍了Ｗ－Ｃｕ铸铁新材料的配方、生产工艺、金相组织、耐磨蚀性能及工业试用结果。     

Fe—C—Cr—Ni亚称奥氏体基合金的摩擦磨损表层特性

对Ｆｅ－１，９Ｃ－１６．５Ｃｒ－２．６Ｎｉ亚稳奥氏体基合金在不同试验条件下的摩擦磨损表面研究表明，在较低的摩擦应力作用下，表层即可应变诱发α′和ε马体体。马氏体转变量随原奥氏体形变量增加而增大，硬度也增高。由原奥氏体引起的表面硬度提高的原因：（１）α′和ε马氏体的形成；（２）产生大量的位错和层错。在滑动磨损试验时，该合金的耐磨性高于２５％Ｃｒ-马氏体基白口铸铁。     

离心复合铸铁轧辊工艺工装研究与实践

确定了内外两层金属的合金成分，确定了离心转速等浇注工艺；并在其它工艺及工装设计上来保证面层为硬而耐磨的白口组织，芯部为强韧性能较高的球铁组织，并使两种组织之间达到牢固的冶金结合，同时，尽量减少裂纹等铸造缺陷。研究结果表明，离心复合铸铁轧辊的综合性能得到了很大的提高，使用寿命比常法提高了２０％－５０％以上。     

铸铁及熔炼技术现状和发展（下）

四、抗磨铸铁 1.国外抗磨铸铁的发展 抗磨铸铁的研究始于本世纪30年代,从70年代开始,合金化研究进入系统化阶段,各国先后制定了抗磨铸铁标准;近年来抗磨铸铁的研究已由成分设计转向组织结构设计、组织形成机理以及磨损失效方面,并且在强化抗磨性的基础上,对韧性的研究已取得了较好的效果。     

Investigation of abrasive wear resistance and wear mechanism of composite alloys

The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys comprising hard tungsten carbide and soft CuNiMn matrix under different wear conditions has been investigated and compared with CrMo cast iron. It was found that Yz-composite alloy with hard cast angular tungsten carbide has greater wear resistance than CrMo cast iron under two-body wear conditions, but lower resistance than Cr-Mo cast iron under three-body wear conditions. It was found that under three-body wear conditions selective wear of the matrix and digging or fragmentation of tungsten carbide particles dominate in Yz-composite alloy, and microcutting and deformed ploughing is dominant under two-body wear conditions. The abrasive wear resistance of composite alloys under two-body wear condition is independent of bulk hardness, but is closely related to the microhardness of tungsten carbide.     

Abrasive wear resistance of spheroidal vanadium carbide cast irons

The effect of the chemical composition and heat treatment on the microstructure and abrasive wear resistance of V-Mn, V-Ni-Cr, and V-Mo spheroidal vanadium carbide cast irons (18–23 vol %) has been studied. The wear resistance has been determined under conditions of wear by abrasives with various hardnesses, i.e., corundum and quartz and compared to that of high-chromium cast iron with 13% Cr. It has been found that the advisability of using high-vanadium cast irons is governed by the hardness of the abrasive. When a hard abrasive, i.e., corundum was used, V-Mo cast iron with the maximum concentration of spheroidal VC carbides, which were uniformly distributed in the martensitic matrix, had the highest wear resistance. When a soft abrasive, i.e., quartz, was applied, high-chromium cast iron with a hardness of 68 HRC, which contained the largest amount of M₇C₃ carbides, was more wear-resistant. In the course of isothermal exposure at 300–1000°C, V-Ni-Cr and V-Mo cast irons with an austenitic structure had high resistance to phase and structural transformations. However, the properties and microstructure of V-Mo cast irons with a martensitic matrix depended strongly on the temperature of exposure during heat treatment.     

回火工艺对7Cr14V2铸钢组织与性能的影响

研究了回火工艺对7Cr14V2铸钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明：7Cr14V2铸钢的淬火组织为马氏体、共晶体和粒状碳化物,且粒状碳化物较多地分布在共晶体周围,物相主要由α-Fe、M7C3和M23C6组成;回火后具有二次硬化现象,且随回火次数增加,其耐磨粒磨损性能提高9％,耐冲击磨损性能提高18％。     

低铬白口铸铁的组织与磨粒磨损性能

采用硅进行低铬白口铸铁的合金化，试验发现，随着硅含量增加，碳化物形貌由网状向断网状、分散孤立的条状转变；碳化物的含量增加，尺寸细化；碳化物硬度及材料的整体硬度也逐渐增加。在铬含量为59／5左右、硅含量〉2．5％时，碳化物出现了M7C3型，耐磨性也随着增加，该材料的抗冲击磨粒磨损性能最好的是下贝氏体组织。淬火温度和冷却方式对该类白口铸铁的抗冲击磨粒磨损性能影响不大。     

Dry three-body abrasive wear behavior of WC reinforced iron matrix surface composites produced by V-EPC infiltration casting process

This paper fabricated tungsten carbide (WC) particles reinforced iron matrix surface composites on gray cast iron substrate using vacuum evaporative pattern casting (V-EPC) infiltration process, investigated dry three-body abrasive wear resistance of the composites containing different volume fractions of WC particles, comparing with a high chromium cast iron. The fabricated composites contained WC particles of 5, 10, 19, 27, 36, and 52 vol.%, respectively. The results in abrasive wear tests showed that, with the increase in the volume fraction of WC particles, the wear resistance of the composites first increased until reached the maximum when the volume fraction of WC was 27%, then decreased, and was 1.5–5.2 times higher than that of the high chromium cast iron. The changes of the wear resistance of the composites with the volume fraction of WC particles and the mode of material removal in dry three-body abrasive wear condition were analyzed.     

Widerstand gegen abrasiven verschleiss und dynamische bruchzähigkeit weisser vanadingusseisen

The wear behaviour under abrasive sliding loading, the structure and dynamic fracture toughness of white cast iron containing (4 – 6)% V are considered in this paper. In wear systems containing hard abrasive particles (silicon carbide), the dynamic fracture toughness and wear resistance increase with increasing austenite content in the structure. In systems with less hard abrasive particles (e.g. flint, garnet) these alloys exhibit a combination of high fracture toughness and high wear resistance. The vanadium-alloyed white cast irons with a predominantly austenitic matrix show more favourable values with respect to both dynamic fracture toughness and wear resistance in comparison with a simultaneously tested chromium white cast iron.     

耐磨损及腐蚀的铸态28Cr白口铸铁

本文首先在销盘式二体磨损试验机上,使用二种不同硬度的磨料对三种基体状态的28Cr铸铁耐磨性进行了比较,结果表明具有铸态奥氏体基体的28Cr铸铁具有良好的耐磨性;进而在腐蚀磨损试验机上对铸态28Cr铸铁与马氏体15Cr1MolCu铸铁在不同PH值介质中的耐腐蚀磨损性能进行了对比,考察了在什么介质条件下28Cr铸铁取代15Cr铸铁才是合理的以及28Cr铸铁作为耐腐蚀磨损材料的成份选择原则。另外还对不同状态及成份的28Cr铸铁的机械性能进行了测定,为工程上的实际使用提供了依据。     

马氏体球墨铸铁腐蚀磨损特性研究

对马氏体球墨铸铁在不同pH值石英砂浆中的静载三体腐蚀磨损特性进行了试验研究,并与铬白口铸铁进行了对比。结果表明：无论在静栽三体磨料磨损或静载三体腐蚀磨损中,马氏体球置铸铁均优于低铬白口铸铁。适当提高含硅量,有利于提高腐蚀耐磨损性,而且在酸性砂浆中效果较明显。     

Cr/C对含4%Ni高铬耐磨耐蚀铸铁性能的影响

采用对比试验的方法探讨了不同Cr/C的比值对含4%Ni高铬耐磨耐蚀铸铁硬度、耐磨性及冲击韧性的影响规律。结果表明:无论固定C还是固定Cr,改变Cr/C的比值对4%Ni高铬耐磨耐蚀铸铁性能都有显著的影响,尤其当含C量较低时,Cr的变化对材料性能的影响更明显。通过调整不同的Cr/C,可以获得不同的硬度、耐磨性和冲击韧性组合的材料。     

蓝宝石衬底研磨加工中研磨盘材质的影响

采用W14、W3.5的B4C磨粒对蓝宝石衬底进行粗研磨和精密研磨的试验研究.对比分析铸铁、合成铜和合成锡盘粗研磨蓝宝石衬底的表面粗糙度和研磨表面均匀性,试验结果表明,铸铁研磨盘获得的蓝宝石衬底宏观表面均匀性和平面度均优于合成铜盘和合成锡盘,经铸铁研磨盘加工后的蓝宝石衬底面型峰谷值误差小于5 μm、中心线平均表面粗糙度Ra<0.82 μm.精密研磨试验结果表明,采用合成铜盘和W3.5B4C磨粒有效地改善了蓝宝石衬底表面的均匀性,获得了Ra<20 nm、面型峰谷值误差小于1.6 μm的均匀表面,为蓝宝石的超精密研磨奠定了良好的基础.