Effect of Different Chemical Modification Systems on Thermal and Electrical Conductivity of Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Nanocomposites

The use of polymeric materials in some applications is inhibited due to their low thermal conductivity. In this study epoxy nanocomposites of three differently modified carbon nanotubes were prepared and their thermal, electrical and mechanical properties were investigated. Acidic oxidation, amine grafting and Friedel-Crafts reactions were employed to prepare modified carbon nanotubes. It was found that nanocomposites obtained by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction have superior thermal and electrical conductivity. Therefore, the addition of a very low amount of benzene tricarboxylic acid (BTC) nanotubes can result in a considerable improvement in the thermal and electrical conductivity of the resulting nanocomposite.     

Trends in Conducting Polymer and Hybrids of Conducting Polymer/Carbon Nanotube: A Review

Several conducting polymers, including polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(m-phenylenediamine), polynaphthylamine, poly(p-phenylene sulfide), and their carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites are discussed in this review. The physical, electrical, structural and thermal properties of polymers along with synthesis methods are discussed. A concise note on carbon nanotubes regarding their purification, functionalization, properties and production are reported. Moreover, the article focuses upon synthesis methods, properties and applications of conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are focused. Nanotube dispersion, loading concentration and alignment within conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposite affect their performance and morphology. The conducting polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites are substantially used in sensors, energy storage devices, supercapacitors, solar cells, EMI materials, diodes, and coatings.     

Microstructure and Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Partitioning in Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites

The multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) partitioning and its impact on morphology and electrical properties of Polycarbonate (PC)/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)/MWNT nanocomposites were studied. The rheological and TEM results indicated that the MWNT partitioning and state of dispersion of MWNT were determined by the affinity between MWNT and the blend components and MWNT concentration. In the PC/ABS (70/30: w/w)/2 wt.% MWNT sample the MWNTs were preferentially located in the ABS droplets and the interface due to the greater affinity between MWNT and ABS compared with PC. In the PC/ABS (30/70: w/w)/MWNT samples, however the MWNTs were mostly located in the ABS matrix.     

Electrical Properties of an Ultralight Conductive Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composite Foam Upon Compression

The variations of electrical property of an ultralight conductive carbon nanotube/polymer composite foam upon compression were investigated. It was found the sharp increase of volume resistivity and strain was generated by the same microstructural change, i.e., the damage of foam struts. Even the strain was increased to as high as 50%, the ultimate resistivity remained stable. Volume resistivity of the foam kept almost changeless under an invariant external mechanical field. The stable microstructure of the conductive network formed by contact of CNTs and the high endurance of samples' core regions endow the ultralight conductive foam with much stable electrical properties.     

高聚物/炭黑复合材料导电性能的研究

本文介绍了炭黑（ＣＢ）对低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ）、高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）、聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）等高分子材料导电性能的影响,研究了其导电性能和导电机理,分析了不同导电体系中基体对炭黑临界值的影响。     

碳纳米管/SSBR复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用环保型抑菌、杀菌剂BCT-2与NH3复配作为鲜胶乳的新型复合保存剂,研究其对鲜胶乳保存效果、生胶六项指标,混炼胶硫化特性以及硫化胶物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,复合保存剂BCT-2/NH3对鲜胶乳的保存效果优于NH3和NH3+TT/ZnO,保存144h后挥发脂肪酸值在0.05左右,粘度在10mPa·s左右,pH值高于9.0;生胶的P0、PRI及MV均小于氨保存;随着BCT-2的加入,混炼胶样品的ML、MH、t10、t90与氨保存胶料相比均有一定程度的降低;而复合保存剂BCT-2/NH3对硫化胶物理机械性能的影响不大。     

Significance of Carbon Nanotube in Flame-Retardant Polymer/CNT Composite: A Review

In this review, flame-retardant characteristics of polymer/carbon nanotube composite have been focused. Nonflammability behavior of carbon nanotube filler with different types of polymer matrices has been discussed. In addition, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of these materials have also been argued. Main types of polymers considered are epoxy, polystyrene, polyaniline, polypropylene, and polyurethane. Considerable enhancement in nonflammability properties of polymers with carbon nanotube was studied using limiting oxygen index measurement, UL 94 tests, and cone calorimetry. Toward the end, significance of flame-retardant composites in aerospace, electronics, radar absorbing materials, electromagnetic shielding, and wind turbine blades has been conversed.     

A Review on Polymeric Nanocomposites of Nanodiamond,Carbon Nanotube,and Nanobifiller: Structure,Preparation and Properties

In this review, an overview of various types of nanofillers is presented with special emphasis on structure, synthesis and properties of carbon nanotube, nanodiamond, and nanobifiller of carbon nanotube/nanodiamond, carbon nanotube/graphene oxide and carbon nanotube/graphene. In addition, polymer/carbon nanotube, polymer/nanodiamond, and polymer/nanobifiller composites have been discussed. The efficacy of different fabrication techniques for nanocomposites (solution casting, in-situ, and melt blending method) and their properties were also discussed in detail. Finally, we have summarized the challenges and future prospects of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanofillers hoping to facilitate progress in the emerging area of nanobifiller technology.     

Comparative Review on Structure,Properties, Fabrication Techniques,and Relevance of Polymer Nanocomposites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotube and Graphite Fillers

Owing to their remarkable electrical, mechanical, thermal, catalytic, and optical properties as well as their unique structure, carbon nanotubes and graphite have been exploited to produce high performance and multifunctional composites. The resultant composites are differentiated on the basis of their properties to meet various applications. In the framework of this review article, we have mainly focused on the preparation, structure, and properties of two families of composite materials with an emphasis on the differences between them. Moreover, the current challenges, future prospectives, and applications of carbon nanotubes- and graphite-based materials in sensors and in photovoltaic and energy storage devices (Li-ion battery) have been discussed.     

The Effect of Carbon Black/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites

The properties of hybrid multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and carbon black (CB) in natural rubber nanocomposites were studied. The results show that the scorch and cure time decreased as the MWCNT loading increased in CB/MWCNT hybrid loading ratio but for the maximum torque, the result shown otherwise. As the MWCNT loading increased in CB/MWCNT hybrid loading ratio, the tensile strength, elongation at break and fatigue life are decrease, however the tensile modulus and rubber filler-interaction (Q_f/Q_g) value increased. The SEM results show a dispersion of CB and MWCNT in natural rubber matrix. Furthermore, the thermal stability for the hybrid nanocomposites is enhanced.     

A Review on Composite Papers of Graphene Oxide,Carbon Nanotube,Polymer/GO,and Polymer/CNT: Processing Strategies,Properties, and Relevance

In this review, particular importance is given to the fabrication and properties of carbon nanotube and graphene oxide-based paper-like materials (buckypapers). Different strategies for the reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide were also discussed. The chemistry of buckypapers is conversed with special emphasis on structure and essential characteristics of buckypaper. Various techniques for buckypaper processing have been critically reviewed including significance of each method. Moreover, importance of polymer/graphene oxide and polymer/carbon nanotube composite papers has been highlighted. Due to outstanding physical, thermal, and electrical properties, polymer-based buckypapers are potentially important as nanofilters, fuel cell components, and miniaturization of electrical connections.     

纳米碳管/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

综述了纳米碳管 /聚合物复合材料的概况及制备方法以及制备中存在的问题。     

A Review on Properties and Fabrication Techniques of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composites and Polymer Intercalated Buckypapers

This review is a comprehensive source for synthesis, functionalization, and physical properties of polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. The effectiveness of processing methods for carbon nanotube reinforcement in matrix for proper dispersion and appropriate interfacial adhesion is discussed. The novelty of polymer/carbon nanotube buckypaper fabrication with preformed networks through microfiltration of nanotube suspension has also been discussed. Moreover, preparation, properties, and manufacturing proficiencies of buckypaper are reviewed. Different approaches of intertwining buckypaper through infiltration, compression, soaking, and dry transfer have been analyzed. The polymer/carbon nanotube buckypaper obtained by vacuum infiltration has micron-scale bicontinuous morphology and improved thermal properties due to effectual heat transfer within nanotube rich phase.     

Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Content on Physical Properties and Cell Structure in Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)/MWCNT Nanocomposite Foams

Melt compounding is used to mix ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). Then the obtained EVA/MWCNT mixtures were foamed using a chemical blowing agent. Without any modification of MWCNT, a significant improvement of the tensile properties was observed for the EVA/MWCNT foams. With increasing the MWCNT content to 10 phr, the average cell size decreases to 36 µm due to the higher melt viscosity and the average cell density increases to 10.5 × 10⁶ cell/cm³ due the heterogeneous nucleation. To investigate the possible applications for static dissipative purpose, the surface resistivity of EVA/MWCNT foams was also investigated.     

Technical Relevance of Polymer/Cement/Carbon Nanotube Composite: Opportunities and Challenges

The polymer/cement/carbon nanotube composites are known for piezoelectric properties in intelligent structures. Polymers are also used to fulfill deficiencies in carbon nanotube/cement mortars. High-impact polystyrene has replaced sand to enhanced properties like energy consumption, waste disposal, and environmental pollution. Spray-applied fire-resistive material in engineered cementitious composite may overcome drawbacks of conventional brittle composite. Carbon nanotube is used as nanofillers in ordinary Portland cement due to superior mechanical properties. Cementitious polymer/carbon nanotube composite has potential to determine heat-dependent and self-sensing capacity of composites. Smart properties of composites are measured using conductivity measurement. Polymers are also used for making better carbon nanotube dispersion.     

聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展

简要概述了聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构及性能,详细介绍了聚酰胺/蒙脱土、聚烯烃/蒙脱土和热固性树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展。并总结了复合材料的各种优异性能,分析了蒙脱土提高复合材料性能的机理。     

半结晶性聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料结晶行为的研究

介绍了碳纳米管对半结晶性聚合物结晶行为的影响:提高结晶动力学、改变晶型及影响晶体形貌等。针对碳纳米管和半结晶性聚合物之间的界面相互作用,综述了两者之间的界面结晶问题,包括外延结晶、纳米杂化串晶、横晶的形成,以及一些相应的形成机制。最后对半结晶性聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料结晶行为的研究进行了展望。     

Morphology,Thermal Stability,and Electrical Conductivity of Polymer Nanocomposites of Isotactic Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Molecular weight of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) effects on the morphology, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity for iPP/MWCNT nanocomposites were evaluated. Nanocomposites were prepared by solution mixing followed by non-isothermal crystallization from the melt. The samples were characterized by different physical-chemical techniques. Electrical conductivity was obtained from electrical resistance measured using a source meter. It was determined that the morphology of the nanocomposites shows a change from spherulitic to fibrillar to undefined depending on the molecular weight of iPP and concentration of MWCNT. Morphology was correlated with thermal stability and electrical conductivity.     

Effectiveness of Polystyrene/Carbon Nanotube Composite in Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials: A Review

Polystyrene is an efficient thermoplastic having fine processability, chemical inertness, and mechanical performance. Technological advances have led to several industrial appliances of polystyrene-based materials ranging from insulation to electromagnetic interference shielding. In this state-of-the-art review, primarily structure and properties of carbon nanotube and polymer/carbon nanotube composite have been discussed. Carbon nanotube is considered as a brilliant filler for polymers. Therefore, a comprehensive discussion regarding high-performance polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite is presented. Main focus of review is the significance of electromagnetic interference shielding phenomenon in polystyrene/carbon nanotube composite. Owing to advantageous properties, these composite have potential to replace traditional shielding materials.     

Preparation of a HDPE/Carbon Nanotube Composite

This experiment adopted mixed acid (H₂SO₄:HNO₃ = 3:1) to purify multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and used a silane coupling agent n-octyltriethoxysilane (OTES) to modify carbon nanotubes, respectively. Then we mixed OTES-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) resin to make a composite. TGA analysis results revealed that as the CNTs'content increased, the Td₁₀ tended to rise. The amount of composite residual at 500°C also increased, as well as the composite electrical conductivity. When a concentration of 5% OTES was used to modify the CNT, the resultant composite exhibited better electrical conductivity.