The Mechanical and Physical Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Hybrid Composites Reinforced with Hibiscus cannabinus,L and Short Glass Fiber

Thermoplastic natural rubber hybrid composites reinforced with kenaf and short glass fibers were compounded by melt blending method using an internal mixer, Thermo Haake 600P. Thermoplastic natural rubbers (TPNR) were prepared from polypropylene (PP), natural rubber (NR) and liquid natural rubber (TPNR) with ratio 70:20:10, which were blended using internal mixer for 12 minutes at 180°C and rotor speed 40 r.p.m. Glass fiber was treated with silane coupling agent while TPNR reinforced kenaf fiber composite is using MAPP as a compatibilizer. TPNR hybrid composite with kenaf/glass fibers was prepared with fiber content (5, 10, 15, 20 volume % of fiber). Mechanical properties of the composites were investigated using tensile test^{[ 1} Anuar , H. ; Ahmad , S.H. ; Rasid , R. ; Wan Busu , W.N. Reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber hybrid composites with Hibiscus cannabinus, L and short glass fiber – Part I: Processing parameters and tensile properties . J. Compos. Mater. 2008 , 42 , 1075 – 1087 . [Google Scholar] ^], flexural, impact, and hardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM)^{[ 1} Anuar , H. ; Ahmad , S.H. ; Rasid , R. ; Wan Busu , W.N. Reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber hybrid composites with Hibiscus cannabinus, L and short glass fiber – Part I: Processing parameters and tensile properties . J. Compos. Mater. 2008 , 42 , 1075 – 1087 . [Google Scholar] ^]. The incorporation of the treated or untreated fiber into TPNR has result in an increment of almost 100% of flexural modulus and impact strength as compared to TPNR matrix. However, the maximum strain decreased with increasing fiber content. The optimum composition for hybrid composite is at the fiber ratio of 30% kenaf fiber and 70% glass fiber. The SEM micrograph had shown, that the composite with coupling agent or compatibilizer promote better fiber-matrix interaction.     

Mechanical,Thermal and Morphological Properties of Grewia Optiva Fiber/Polymer Matrix Composites

This work is concerned with the evaluation of properties of compression molded Grewia Optiva fiber reinforced Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) matrix-based polymer composites. Reinforcing of the RF resin with Grewia Optiva fiber was done in the form of particle size (200 micron). Present work reveals that mechanical properties such as: tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength and wear resistance of the RF matrix have been found to increase up to 30% fibre loading (in terms of weight) and then decreases for higher loading. Morphological and thermal studies of the matrix, fibre and particle reinforced (P-Rnf) green composites have also been studied.     

Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Natural Fibers/Polymer Biocomposites

In the present communication a study on the preparation and characterizations of Pine Needles (PN) reinforced polymers using Phenol-Formaldehyde (PF) as a novel polymer matrix has been reported. Pine Needles (PN) of different dimensions were used to prepare biocomposites. The influence of different fiber dimension on the mechanical properties of the composites was determined. Analysis of morphological (SEM) and thermal (TGA/DTA) properties of Pine Needles, PF resin and polymer composites have also been carried out. These polymer composites were further subjected to various standardized characterization tests such as swelling under different solvents, moisture absorption and chemical resistance analysis.     

Mechanical Characterization of Basalt/HDPE Composite under In-Vitro Condition

The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanical behaviour of basalt/HDPE composite under in-vitro condition. Basalt fiber has been performed as an alternative reinforcement material to reduce the domination of the synthetic fibers such as carbon and E-glass fiber in the medical application. Mechanical testing such as tensile, flexural and impact were performed to determine this composite performance before in-vitro testing conducted. Comparisons have been done towards carbon and E-glass using HDPE as a resin. In-vitro testing of basalt/HDPE was conducted in duration 4 weeks. The results shows the basalt/HDPE has a higher mechanical properties compared to E-glass/HDPE and lower compared to carbon/HDPE. Results of tensile and flexural after in-vitro testing are slightly reduced in 5% by week. Charpy impact test of Basalt/HDPE was performed and also experience a reduction in 7% of strength value. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to analyze the surface and texture morphology before and after in-vitro testing. No bio-activity or significant changes have been identified at the Basalt/HDPE composite based on the SEM data. It can be concluded that the basalt/HDPE was combined well as a composite material under in-vitro condition as well can be introduce in medical application.     

聚合物基复合材料动态拉伸力学性能研究进展

阐述了国内外对于纤维增强聚合物基复合材料动态拉伸力学性能的研究进展,主要包括：应变率相关和温度相关的宏观与细观统计本构理论,玻璃纤维和纤维束动态力学量之间的关系等。并介绍了旋转盘式杆杆型与反射式SHPB型实验装置。对目前复合材料力学性能研究中存在的问题提出了建议,并对其研究前景进行了展望。     

三维正交机织玄武岩/芳纶混编复合材料的拉伸和剪切性能研究

本文设计和制作了两种混杂模式的三维正交机织玄武岩/芳纶混编复合材料,分别是层间混杂和层内混杂模式。对其拉伸性能和剪切性能进行了测试和分析,结果表明,层内混杂复合材料的拉伸性能和剪切性能比层间混杂复合材料的好,层内混杂复合材料的归一化强度和归一化模量分别比层间混杂复合材料的高22.12%和16.9%,层内混杂复合材料的剪切强度和剪切模量分别比层间混杂复合材料的高19.61%和26.03%;对于层间混杂复合材料,纬向的归一化强度比经向的高4.06%,但厚度方向上纱线的存在和织造工艺中经纱预加张力的影响,使纬向的归一化模量比经向的降低11.44%。     

连续玄武岩纤维增强复合材料力学性能试验研究

连续玄武岩纤维(CBF)由于其优异的力学性能、物理性能和较低的价格,在土木工程中应用前景广泛。CBF可以与树脂复合制作片状、板状、筋状等各种各样的复合材料(CBFRP),在实际工程中科学合理应用CBFRP,必须对其力学性能作深入了解。对CBFRP片材和棒材的力学性能进行研究,重点讨论了影响CBFRP力学性能的各种参数,研究结果可为CBF及其CBF片材生产厂家提供参考,并为CBF的深入研究和工程应用打下基础。     

嵌段共聚物偶联剂对玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的改性研究

玄武岩纤维(BF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料体系中,引入了聚苯乙烯(PS)与聚丙烯酸羟乙酯(PHEA)的嵌段共聚物大分子偶联剂(PS-b-PHEA),以改善复合材料的界面性能。结果表明:通过嵌段共聚物PS-b-PHEA对复合材料改性,一方面能够使玄武岩纤维与PP基体具有良好的界面黏结,另一方面能够在界面处形成柔性层,松弛界面热应力,迅速分散外加载荷,吸收外力的能量,实现复合材料的增强增韧。     

PVDF/PMMA/Basalt fiber composites: Morphology,melting and crystallization,structure, mechanical properties,and heat resistance

This paper is to study the effect of basalt fiber on morphology, melting and crystallization, structure, mechanical properties, melting and crystallization of PVDF/PMMA composites using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA), etc. Basalt fiber may disperse well in PVDF/PMMA matrix and form compact fiber network, and this makes tensile and flexural strength of fiber reinforced PVDF/PMMA composites get to the maximum value of 62 and 102 MPa, respectively. However, the mechanical properties begin to decrease when basalt fiber content exceeds 20 wt %. The α and β phase of PVDF can coexist in composites, and basalt fiber and PMMA can induce β phase of PVDF. The melting temperature of PVDF in composites is kept unchanged, but the degree of crystallinity of composites increases as basalt fiber content increase, and then declines when fiber content exceeds 20%. The DSC results confirm that the nucleation ability of PVDF is enhanced by basalt fiber. Also, the heat resistance of PVDF/PMMA composite is improved from 133 to 146.1°C due to basalt fiber. The DMA shows that basalt fiber increases the storage modulus of PVDF/PMMA composite, and the loss peak of PMMA increases from 116.1 to 130°C. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40494.     

Effect of glass fiber surface chemistry on the mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced, rubber-toughened nylon 6

The mechanical properties of nylon 6 and its blends with maleated ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR-g-MA) plus glass fibers were examined as a function of the chemical functionality of the silane surface treatment applied to the glass fibers. Three reactive silane coupling agents, with anhydride, epoxy, or amine functionality, were used and found to have little effect on the mechanical properties when no EPR-g-MA is present. When 20 wt% EPR-g-MA is used as a rubber toughener, however, the yield strength and Izod impact strength were lowest for the amine functional silane and highest for the anhydride silane, while the epoxy silane fell in-between. These results were attributed to the differences in reactivity of the three reactive silanes. An unreactive silane (octyl groups) was used as a release agent on the glass fibers and compared with the anhydride functional silane. The octyl silane did not improve the ductility of the composite, as may have been speculated, and had poor yield strength and impact resistance when compared to the anhydride silane. Both octyl and anhydride treated glass fibers improve the heat distortion temperature such that most of the high temperature stiffness that is lost on addition of EPR-g-MA is regained by adding glass fibers.     

The Effects of Untreated and Treated Kenaf Loading on the Properties of Kenaf Fibre-Filled Natural Rubber Compounds

Natural rubber compounds with untreated and treated kenaf were prepared with different loading i.e., 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 phr. The compounds were cured at 150°C according to its cure time, t₉₀. Curing characteristics, tensile properties, rubber-filler interaction and morphology properties of the rubber compounds were tested. Curing characteristics showed that scorch time, t_s2 and cure time, t₉₀ decreased with increasing of fibre loading and treatment. Mechanical properties of kenaf filled natural rubber compounds decreased with increasing of fibre loading but increased with fibre treatment. Swelling measurement and morphological study showed that better rubber-filler interaction was obtained with treated kenaf.     

Structure and properties of UHMWPE fiber/carbon fiber hybrid composites

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber/carbon fiber hybrid composites were prepared by inner‐laminar and interlaminar hybrid way. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and morphologies of the composites were investigated and compared with each other. The results show that the hybrid way was the major factor to affect mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid composites. The resultant properties of inner‐laminar hybrid composite were better than that of interlaminar hybrid composite. The bending strength, compressive strength, and interlaminar shear strength of hybrid composites increased with an increase in carbon fiber content. The impact strength of inner‐laminar hybrid composite was the largest (423.3 kJ/m²) for the UHMWPE fiber content at 43 wt % to carbon fiber. The results show that the storage modulus (E′), dissipation factor (tan δ), and loss modulus (E″) of the inner‐laminar hybrid composite shift toward high temperature remarkably. The results also indicate that the high‐performance composite with high strength and heat resistance may be prepared by fibers' hybrid. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1880–1884, 2006     

玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能的研究

本文研究了单掺玄武岩纤维及玄武岩纤维与粉煤灰复合对混凝土力学性能的影响.结果表明,掺0.05％～0.15％的玄武岩纤维对混凝土抗压强度的改善不明显,但可以明显提高混凝土的抗折和劈裂抗拉强度;当玄武岩纤维掺量为0.10％时,与基准混凝土相比,混凝土的28 d拉压比提高了27.2％,且当纤维掺量为0.15％时,混凝土28 d折压比提高13.5％,即玄武岩纤维掺入到混凝土中能降低混凝土的脆性,提高其韧性和抗裂性;同时,当适量的玄武岩纤维和粉煤灰复合,能进一步提高玄武岩纤维混凝土的力学性能.     

Fabrication and Characterization of H. sabdariffa Fiber-Reinforced Green Polymer Composites

Present work is concerned with the evaluation of the mechanical properties of compression molded Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) fibre-reinforced Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) matrix based green polymer composites. Reinforcing of the Urea-Formaldehyde (UF) resin with Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) fibre was accomplished in the form of short fibre (3 mm). It has been observed that mechanical properties of UF matrix increases with fibre loading and then decreases for higher loading (beyond 30%). Morphological and thermal studies of the matrix, fibre and short fibre-reinforced (SF-Rnf) green composites have also been carried out.     

玻璃纤维/嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺复合材料力学性能的研究

采用热塑性聚酰亚胺膜熔渗法,制备了单向玻璃纤维/嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺膜层压复合材料,考察了嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺的理论分子量、嵌段比(由BPDA段含量表示)对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,分子量和嵌段比能显著影响嵌段共聚聚酰亚胺的分子链柔性,复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层间剪切强度和冲击强度均随理论分子量的增大或刚性段含量的增加呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,最大弯曲强度、最大弯曲模量、最大层间剪切强度和最大冲击强度分别达到1224.52MPa、31.82GPa、70.56MPa和447.55kJ/m2。     

短切碳纤维增强LAS玻璃—陶瓷的研究

研究了短切碳纤维增强ＬＡＳ玻璃－陶瓷基复合材料的制备工艺及纤维含量，热压工艺对其强韧性的影响，获得了短切碳纤维均匀分散并单向排列的复合材料，当纤维体积分数为１％左右时，材料强度和断裂韧性分别达到４３０ＭＰａ和８．８ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２。用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料中短切碳纤维的分布状态和断口形貌。     

玄武岩纤维掺量对混凝土力学性能的影响

研究了掺入0．05％～0．35％的玄武岩纤维对混凝土的抗压强度,劈裂抗拉强度以及弯曲性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜对纤维在混凝土中的微观作用机理进行了分析。结果表明,当纤维的掺量在0．3％以内时,混凝土3 d、7 d、28 d的抗压、抗拉强度都有不同程度的提高,当掺量超过0．3％时,混凝土28 d的抗压、抗拉强度开始下降,且掺量越大,强度下降的也越多;弯曲试验结果表明,掺入0．05％～0．25％的玄武岩纤维后,混凝土的抗折强度平均提高7．96％,掺量为0．2％时,抗折强度提高17．0％,且掺入玄武岩纤维后,混凝土的应力-应变曲线有了明显的屈服点,混凝土的极限拉伸值增大,弹性模量降低,刚度减小,延性与柔性增加,混凝土的抗裂性增加,使用寿命延长。     

BFRP筋轴心受压力学性能试验研究

为详细考察玄武岩纤维增强复合筋(BFRP)的轴心受压力学性能,设计制作了36个受压试件,测试BFRP筋的受压破坏模式、抗压强度、压缩弹性模量、压缩变形率,研究直径、长细比、破坏模式对BFRP筋受压力学性能的影响.试验结果表明,BFRP筋的受压破坏模式分为剪切、胀裂、失稳三种,以剪切破坏为主;受压应力—应变关系为线弹性,...     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polyamide-6 Composites Reinforced with Fir Flour/SiO2 Hybrid Material

Fir flour/SiO₂ hybrid material (FSHM) was fabricated by Sol-gel infiltration process. The morphology and structure were investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites of polyamide-6 (PA6) reinforced with FSHM were prepared by melt-mixing in twin-screw extruder. Part of FSHM was treated with γ-aminopropyltriethyoxysilane or epoxy resin as compatibilizer. Tensile strength of the composites with 25 wt.% of FSHM increased by almost 23.3% compared to that of pure PA6, whereas 59.8% increase in flexural strength was observed. Both compatibilizers improved interfacial adhesion between FSHM and PA6, resulting in increased impact strength of the composites.     

Thermal,Thermomechanical, and Morphological Properties of Spartium junceum Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

The composites investigated in this article were polypropylene reinforced with Spanish broom (Spartium junceum) fibers. These fibers were modified with N[-3 Trimethoxysilyl propyl] ethylene diamine (Z6020) or stearic acid, which work as coupling agents between fibers and matrix. This work studied the thermal (differential scanning calorimetry) and thermomechanical (dynamic mechanical thermal) analysis. The surfaces of the composites were characterized by electron microscopy. It was found that silane-treated fiber composites show superior properties compared with the specimens made of pure polypropylene. Microscopic observations correlate with these results.