印度的电解铝工业

印度是亚洲和世界电解铝生产大国之一,其发展势头迅猛,受到全世界瞩目。印度的电解铝工业可持续发展有着明显的优势,首先印度有着丰富的铝矾土资源,印度东北部的奥里萨(O rissa)邦的铝矾土储量占到印度铝矾土储量的71%;同时印度还有着储量巨大的煤碳资源,是亚洲和世界产煤大国,能提供充足廉价的电力;印度是发展中国家,有着足够的低价的劳动力资源,这一切都为印度铝工业,特别是电解铝工业的发展提供了必要条件。许多外国公司纷纷进入印度电解铝工业,寻求发展机会和投资,L&T公司准备在奥里萨邦新建一座产能100万吨/年的氧化铝厂,加拿大洲际…     

日本钢管公司从西德引进直流电炉技术

据日报报道,日本钢管公司和西德奥格斯堡—纽伦堡重型机械(M.A.N)等两个公司签订了引进直流电炉技术的协定。直流电炉具有如下优点:电压和电流稳定;加热时温度波动小;电极和电力消耗低;投资和运转费用低等。1982年 M.A.N     

国内冶金动态

<正>N2015001中国恩菲总承包呼伦贝尔铅锌冶炼工程锌冶炼系统试车成功中国恩菲公司总承包呼伦贝尔铅锌冶炼工程第一批阴极锌诞生,标志着国内首个在高严寒地区采用"磨矿-氧压浸出-中和除铁沉铟-净液-电积"全湿法炼锌工艺的项目取得圆满成功。该系统的顺利投产,掀开了呼伦贝尔驰宏公司发展的新篇章,进一步印证了中国恩菲在湿法炼锌领域的技术实力。项目采用诸多具创新特色、国际先进的工艺     

MCGS系统在501压渣机上的应用

本文介绍了美国MDY公司501压渣机工作流程，着重讨论了基于WINCE．NET和MCGS系统的Ntosuch产品和PLC（FX2N系列）用于此系统的软、硬件配置，实现了动画显示、实时监控、参数显示、故障报警等功能。     

兴民科技攻克一步法浮选机关键技术

湖南兴民科技公司发明的《一种分流尾矿的浮选方法和装置和用途》等重大创新技术申请PCT发明专利。应用多项发明专利的1000 t/d一步法超声浮选机,进入批量制造。浮选专家称,一步法超声浮选机,已刷新世界浮选技术历史。现有浮选设备的浮选系统,都是N级粗选、N级扫选和N级精选的浮选过程。这些浮选过程,是由N台     

用x线衍射法测定残余应力

T&N科技有限公司是T&N集团的研究中心和开发机构,最近提出了一种用x线衍射测定汽车部件残余应力的方法。这个研究项目是为了满足该集团内的Tempered Spring公司的需要,期望尽可能完善它的喷丸工艺,以提高阀门弹簧的质量,那里的     

南南铝突破350km高速列车铝合金型材关键技术

<正>南南铝历时2年的自主开发研制,积累了大量7N01型材的研究成果,利用公司现有的多级控温均热炉,以及航空Al Zn Mg Cu合金T7751状态专用的积分时效炉,结合第二相形核自由能的计算结果,采用先进的铝合金熔铸生产线,设计了具有自主知识产权的热处理工艺,使7N01熔体质量优于航空铸锭的标准,并最终形成7N01型材稳定化生产的质量管理体     

CL—TBP萃淋树脂分离—分光光度法连续测定微量铀和钍

研究了在铀水冶工艺中,以CL-TBP萃淋树脂分离-连续分光光度法测定微量铀和钍的方法及其应用.在低温下,用混合铵盐熔矿,然后用1 mo1/L硝酸溶解,在1 mo1/L HNO3-1.25 mol/L NH4NO3体系中,以CL-TBP萃淋树脂选择性吸附铀和钍.对吸附在树脂上的铀、钍,先用4 mo1/L盐酸淋洗钍,再用水淋洗铀,之后以偶氯胂M作显色剂,对淋洗液中的钍和铀进行连续分光光度测定.在pH＝2.0的一氯乙酸-醋酸铵缓冲介质中,铀与偶氮胂M形成紫红色配合物,该配合物在波长645 nm处有最大吸收,表观摩尔吸光系效E645nm＝4.8 ×104L·mol-1·cm-1.在4 mo1/L盐酸溶液中,钍与偶氮胂M形成紫红色配合物,此配合物在波长665 nm处有最大吸收,表观摩尔吸光系数ε666nm=9.67×104L·mol-1·     

4-(4-安替吡啉偶氮)-间苯二酚的合成及与铟的显色反应

合成了4-（4-安替吡啉偶氮）-间苯二酚,采用红外光谱法对该显色剂的结构进行了表征,研究了该显色剂与铟（Ⅲ）的显色反应。结果表明：在pH=5．0的NaAc—HAc缓冲溶液中,该显色剂与铟（Ⅲ）形成稳定的橙色配合物。配合物的最大吸收峰位于480nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=3．1&#215;10^4L&#183;mol^-1&#183;cm,铟的质量浓度在0～40μg／25mL范围内符合比尔定律。     

C180M＆#215;3N2型离心式压缩机故障分析与处理

介绍了安阳钢铁公司一台C180M＆#215;3N2型氮压机故障经过，对产生故障的原因进行了分析，并采取相应措施对故障进行了处理，确保了机组安全稳定运行。     

Study of the Synthesis of the Ternary Compound B - N - C

The possibility of synthesizing BN powder with a different content of ternary compound in the system B - N - C is studied. It is shown that the regime for powder preparation and their composition determine the phase content of sintered specimens. The ternary compound in the system B - N - C is thermally unstable and at a sintering temperature of 1900 °C is converted into BN and B₄C phases.     

Recovery of nickel and cobalt from laterite leach solutions using direct solvent extraction: Part 1 — selection of a synergistic SX system

The separation of nickel and cobalt from impurities such as manganese, magnesium and calcium using solvent extraction with Versatic 10 was largely improved by the addition of a synergistic reagent LIX63 (an α-hydroxyoxime) or 4PC (a pyridine carboxylate ester). With the organic systems containing Versatic 10 alone, the separation factors of nickel and cobalt over manganese were 6 and 15 respectively. When 4PC was added to the system, these increased to 147 and 1870 respectively, and with LIX63, they were even higher at 534 and 7720 respectively. This indicates that the synergistic solvent extraction (SSX) system with Versatic 10 and LIX63 performed very well and better than that with Versatic 10 and 4PC.The SSX system consisting of 0.5 M Versatic 10, 0.45 M LIX63 and 1.0 M TBP in Shellsol D70 performed the best among the systems tested containing LIX63. After a single contact, the extraction of Ni and Co was 99.6% and 96.9%, respectively. Only 6 mg/L Mn, 8 mg/L Mg and 1 mg/L Ca were found in the loaded organic solution. The manganese scrub efficiency was 97.7% at pH 5.3, resulting in a scrubbed organic solution containing only 0.8 mg/L Mn. Over 99% nickel, cobalt and manganese were stripped at pH 2.0, indicating easy stripping of these metals.The SSX system consisting of 0.5 M Versatic 10 and 1.0 M 4PC in Shellsol D70 performed the best among the systems tested containing 4PC. After a single contact, the extraction of Ni and Co was 99.4% and 89.4%, respectively. Some 200 mg/L Mn, 10 mg/L Mg and 48 mg/L Ca were found in the loaded organic solution. The manganese could not be scrubbed at the tested pH range of 5.4-6.0. Very fast Ni and fast Co stripping kinetics were observed, however, the Mn stripping kinetics were very slow. After 2 min of stripping, only 1.22% Mn was stripped.It is concluded that the SSX system containing 0.5 M Versatic 10, 0.45 M LIX63 and 1.0 M TBP performed much better than the SSX system containing 0.5 M Versatic 10 and 1.0 M 4PC in terms of both manganese and calcium behaviour in extraction, scrubbing and stripping.     

Optimization of Biological Nutrient Removal in a Membrane Bioreactor System

The main objective of the present study is to develop a modified membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for the treatment of municipal wastewater for the enhanced biological removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) simultaneously with the ultimate goal of optimizing the two processes. The paper will address the implementation and optimization of the MBR process with respect to biological characteristics, operational performance, and effluent quality. The system utilizes anoxic P uptake and nitrification–denitrification in a MBR. Following optimization, the system achieved 99% chemical oxygen demand (COD), 98.4% NH3–N, 77.5% TN, and 96.3% P removal producing effluent biological oxygen demand, COD, NH3–N,NO3–N,NO2–N, and P of <3, 3, 0.4, 5.8, 0.050, and 0.18?mg/L, respectively.     

Direct Spectroscopic Determination of Europium（ Ⅱ ） Concentration During Europium（ Ⅲ ） Electro-Reduction in Hydrochloric Acid Medium

Europiumis one of the most important rare earth(RE) element .It is widely used as a component ofcathode ray tubes , with screen coated with red phos-phor ,as phosphorescent pigments ,andinlaser optics .It can also be used as neutron-absorbing material .In…     

Phase constitution and lattice parameter relationships in rapidly solidified (Fe0.65Mn0.35)0.83 Al0.17-xC and Fe3Al-xC pseudo-binary alloys

A quasi-equilibrium temperaturevs carbon-concentration phase diagram of rapidly solidified pseudo-binary (Fe_0.65Mn_0.35)_0.83Al_0.17-xC alloys was determined after heat treatment in the 823 to 1323 K range. Lattice parameter relationships of rapidly solidified (Fe_0.65Mn_0.35)_0.83Al_0.17-xC and Fe₃Al-xC alloys in the ferrite, austenite, and perovskite carbide phases were established as a function of the carbon concentration. This study shows that when a high concentration of carbon is present in the alloys a perovskiteL′l₂ carbide is formed directly from the rapid solidification process. It is established also in this study that the carbon atom contribution to the lattice parameter increase in the fcc-based cubic crystal is greater in the disorderedγ-phase than in the ordered (L′l₂ structure)κ-phase.     

Oxygen pressure dependence of Cu2O-CuO-Gd2O3 phase diagram

The phase diagram of the Gd-Cu-O system has been investigated under various oxygen partial pressures by thermal analysis. In this system, only one ternary compound Gd₂CuO₄ exists stably, depending on the oxygen partial pressure. This compound decomposes to Gd₂O3 and Cu₂O under low oxygen partial pressure at high temperature. The incongruent melting and decomposition temperatures of Gd₂CuO₄ and the temperature of eutectic reaction have been investigated as a function of oxygen partial pressure. The present ternary system includes two invariant reactions:L + Gd₂O₃ ⇆ Gd₂CuO₄ + Cu₂O at 1376 K under 0.07 atm O₂ (7.09 kPa) andL⇆ Gd₂CuO₄ + CuO + Cu₂O at 1321 K under 0.42 atm O₂ (42.56 kPa). The thermodynamic properties of the system have also been considered.     

Calculation-experimental study of the aging of casting high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-(Cu)-Ni-Fe aluminum alloys

The effects of natural aging and steplike aging on the hardness and the electrical conductivity of the following high-strength casting aluminum alloys are studied and compared: experimental alloys ATs6N4, ATs7NZh, and ATs6N0.5Zh based on the Al-Zn-Mg-(Cu)-Ni-Fe system (nicalins) and a commercial AM5 alloy based on the Al-Cu system. It is found that, during 3-day natural aging, the hardness of the nicalins increases to HV 1.4–1.55 GPa, which is higher than their hardness in the as-quenched state by a factor of 1.6–1.7. The hardness of the AM5 alloy is almost unchanged during natural aging and is retained at the level of the as-quenched state (HB ～ 0.8 GPa). After quenching and natural aging for 1 day, the alloys are subjected to steplike aging in the temperature range 100–250°C at a step of 25°C on holding for 3 h at each temperature. Upon steplike aging, hardness HB of the nicalins reaches a maximum (～2.1 GPa for the ATs7NZh and ～1.9 GPa for the ATs6N4 and ATs6N0.5Zh alloys) at a temperature of 150°C. The hardness of the AM5 alloy reaches a maximum (HB ～ 1.3 GPa) at a temperature of 175°C.     

转炉炼钢过程中氮控制工艺研究

氮对于大多数钢种是一种有害元素,其氮化物的析出,严重影响钢的各种性能。文章基于转炉冶炼过程中氮在钢中溶解度变化的分析,通过优化转炉装入制度、底吹模式、造渣制度、终点控制制度以及出钢脱氧合金化制度,可有效控制钢水在转炉冶炼过程中w[N]。转炉出钢后的平均w[N]由29.4×10-6降至工艺优化后的20.2×10-6,为冶炼低氮钢奠定了良好的基础。