MODELING OF ELEMENTARY PROCESS KINETICS FOR METHANOL SYNTHESIS ( Ⅰ )IDENTIFICATION OF STRUCTURE OF ELEMENTARY STEP SEQUENCE

采用动态原位红外测试技术和TPD、TPSR方法,系统地研究了合成甲醇有关物种H_2、CO、CO_2和CH_3OH在铜基催化剂上的吸附与反应特性,判识了反应过程中在催化剂活性表面上的吸附态中间物的类型。在实验信息的基础上,提出了在催化剂活性表面上可能的基元过程序列结构。     

ESTERIFICATION COUPLED PERVAPORATION MEMBRANE PROCESS MODELING (Ⅰ) INFLUENCE OF CATALYST SYSTEM

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MODELING OF ELEMENTARY PROCESS KINETICS FOR METHANOL SYNTHESIS (Ⅱ )A TRANSIENT KINETIC MODEL OF METHANOL SYNTHESIS FROM CO/CO_2/H_2

在基元过程序列结构判识的基础上,以傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)气体池作为检测器,采用动态响应技术,进行了合成甲醇过程瞬态动力学的实验研究,得到了微型反应器尾气中各主要物种的浓度对反应器进料浓度阶跃变化的动态响应数据。基于瞬态速率模型对实验数据的拟合,得到了由H_2/CO/CO_2合成甲醇初步的瞬态动力学关系。     

NUMERICAL MODELING OF COUPLED MOMENTUM,HEAT AND MASS TRANSPORT IN FALLING FILM CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS (Ⅱ)SIMULATION

采用液固二相分区域统一模型 ,以二元有机熔体 (萘 -硫茚 )为例 ,对实验管式降膜结晶器的动量、热量和质量传递过程进行了数值模拟 ,获得了液相区和固相区随时间的变化和枝晶状液固两相区内固相含量的变化及全场温度分布以及主组分萘分布及流场速度分布随时间的变化 .由积分得到的结晶层厚度及萘纯度与相应的实验数据进行了比较 ,所得结果在未引入任何经验常数的条件下与实验结果符合较好 .所建立的液固二相分区域统一模型可以较好地处理实际降膜结晶过程中枝晶状固液两相共存区晶体生长现象及不规则液固相变界面     

THE SWELLING BEHAVIOR OF (W/O)/W LIQUID SURFACTANT MEMBRANE(Ⅰ)MODELING OF THE PERMEATION-SWELLING PROCESS

Water transfer through the organic phase of kerosene containing surfactant Span 80,L113B and certain carrier wasstudied theoretically and experimentally in(W/O)/W liquid surfactant membranes.The process of swelling owing to os-motic pressure can be pictured as solubilization of water in membrane phase caused by surfactant and certain carriers andthen diffusion of it through the membrane between the two aqueous phases due to the gradient of chemical potential.Amathematical model for estimating the permeation-swelling rate has been developed.This mathematical model does notcontain any adjustable parameters and the predicted values agree well with the experimental data of Fujinawa et al.,Xinsheng Ma and Yajun Shi and the authors.Using an apparatus developed for measuring the solubility of water in membrane phase,data for solubilization ofwater in oil caused by some surfactants and carrier were measured.     

SYNTHESIS OF REACTOR NETWORK FOR WASTE MINIMIZATION(Ⅰ) GEOMETRY EXPRESSION OF REACTION AND MIXING PROCESS

将废料最少问题分别等同于选择性、相对选择性和瞬时选择性等多个目标 ,根据目标函数的定义和在状态空间内反应、混合加工的几何特征 ,导出了全混流反应器 (CSTR)和微分侧流反应器 (DSR)两种极限情况下的浓度变化轨迹方程 ,同时满足这两个方程 ,可作为反应器系统选择性最大的判据     

MODELING OF UNSTEADY - STATE OXIDATION PROCESS OF SO_2(Ⅳ) MODEL PARAMETER MODIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE PREDICTION OF ONE - STAGE FLOW REVERSAL REACTOR

模拟计算证明,反应器操作特性对传热参数的变化是不敏感的,但对化学反应宏观动力学参数的变化是敏感的.通过使模型预测结果与大量模试数据相拟合的办法修正了宏观动力学参数.利用所发展的数学模型和修正后的参数,对单级反应器的操作性能进行了预测与分析,所得到的结论对工业反应器的设计、运行和优化具有指导作用.     

A MODEL OF DIFFUSION - REACTION PROCESSES OVER A CATALYST PELLET FOR NON - IDEAL REACTION SYSTEM (Ⅱ) NUMERICAL SIMULATION EXAMPLES

在本文(I)报建立的非理想尘气模型和非理想广义Stefan-Maxwell模型的基础上,结合常规反应-扩散模型,以氨和甲醇合成为例,研究了反应物系的非理想性对单颗粒催化剂效率因子模拟结果的影响.这些模拟结果之间以及甲醇合成模拟值与实验值之间的对比分析表明:描述这两个反应体系催化剂颗粒上的反应-扩散问题,必须考虑反应物系的非理想性.对于氨的合成,非理想费克模型已足以近似描述颗粒内的反应-扩散过程;但对于以CO/CO_2/H_2为原料的甲醇合成,采用非理想广义Stefa-Maxwell模型或非理想尘气模型比较适宜.     

EQUILIBRIUM AND KINETIC STUDIES FOR THE ADSORPTION OF MN(II) AND CO(II) FROM AQUEOUS MEDIUM USING AGAR–AGAR AS SORBENT

An extensive increase in industrial activities and environmental accidents in recent years have greatly contributed to increasing metal pollution in water resources, thereby causing threats to terrestrial as well as aquatic life. The toxicity of metal pollution is slow and long lasting, as these metal ions are nonbiodegradable. The most appropriate solution for controlling the biogeochemistry of metal contaminants to produce high-quality treated effluents from polluted wastewaters is sorption technique. Agar–agar, a readily available seaweed, was used as sorbent for the removal of Mn(II) and Co(II) from aqueous media. Batch experiments were performed to study adsorption as a function of process parameters: sorption time, initial pH, concentration of sorbate and sorbent. The Freundlich model fitted best with the experimental equilibrium data between the two adsorption isotherm models tested. The kinetic data correlated well with the Lagergren pseudo-second-order kinetic model for the sorption of both Mn(II) and Co(II) using agar–agar. Adsorbed metal ions were quantitatively recovered from the spent adsorbent using 5.0 mol L^?1 HCl. The efficiency of agar–agar for decontaminating Mn(II) and Co(II) from electroplating effluent has also been evaluated. The results proved agar–agar to be a favorable adsorbent to remove and recover Mn(II) and Co(II) from waste effluent for further use in diversified industrial applications.