Anisotropy in Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of an Oxide Dispersion Fe20Cr5Al Alloy

Anisotropy of fracture toughness and fracture behavior of Fe20Cr5Al oxide dispersion-strengthened alloy has been investigated by means of compression tests, hardness tests, and wedge splitting test. The results show a small effect of the compression direction on yield strength (YS) and strain hardening. The YS is minimum for longitudinal direction and maximum for the tangential direction. The transverse plastic strain ratio is similar for tangential and longitudinal directions but very different from that in normal direction. Hardness depends on the indentation plane; it is lower for any plane parallel to the L-T plane and of similar magnitude for the other orthogonal planes, i.e., the L-S and T-S planes. Macroscopically, two failure modes have been observed after wedge-splitting tests, those of LS and TS specimens in which fracture deviates along one or two branches normal to the notch plane, and those of LT, TL, SL, and ST specimens in which fracture propagates along the notch plane. Besides LT and TL specimens present delaminations parallel to L-T plane. Both, the fracture surface of branching cracks and that of the delaminations, show an intergranular brittle fracture appearance. It is proposed that the main cause of the delamination and crack branching is the alignment in the mesoscopic scale of the ultrafine grains structure which is enhanced by the 〈110〉-texture of the material and by the presence in the grain boundaries of both yttria dispersoids and impurity contaminations. An elastoplastic finite element analysis was performed to study what stress state is the cause of the branches and delaminations. It is concluded that the normal to the crack branches and/or the shear stress components could determine the crack bifurcation mechanism, whereas the delamination it seems that it is controlled by the magnitude of the stress component normal to the delamination plane.     

Fe3Al合金的冲击韧性

研究了不同温度下Fe3Al基合金冲击韧性的变化规律，确定了冲击载荷下该合金的韧－脆转化温度，考察了冲击载荷下该合金的断裂方式，晶粒组织和位错运动的变化情况。     

Ni30Cr20合金中氮化钛的析出行为

试验用Ni30Cr20合金(/%:0.035～0.045C、0.28～0.30Si、0.73～0.75Mn、0.005～0.007P、0.001～0.002S、19.40～19.93Cr、29.75～30.35Ni、0.30～0.36Al、0.03～0.88 Ti、0.005 7～0.020 5N)由150 kg真空感应炉熔炼,铸锭尺寸(mm)120×230×500。对Ni30Cr20合金凝固过程中TiN析出的热力学条件进行了计算,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪分析了该合金铸锭试样中TiN的数量、尺寸和分布。结果表明,部分氮化钛在液相合金中已有析出,包括含芯和不含芯两种类型的TiN,其中含芯TiN的核心主要是MgO·Al₂O₃、MgO和TiO₂等。在铸锭试样中,TiN的数量从边部到中心逐渐减少,尺寸却逐渐增大。计算结果表明,控制合金的氮钛积低于3.70×10^-4,有利于控制TiN的析出数量和尺寸,而降低合金中的氮含量是降低氮化钛析出数量和尺寸的有效措施。     

Behavior of Cerium Addition in the Binary Fe-28Al Alloy

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Glass Forming Ability and Magnetic Property of Fe74Al4Sn2 （PSiB）20 Amorphous Alloy

Amorphous ribbons of Fe74 Al4Sn2 (PSiB)20 alloy have been synthesized by melt spinning and axial design method. The thermal properties of the amorphous ribbons have been measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The DSC results show that the Fe74 Al4Sn2P12Si4B4 amorphous alloy has relatively wider supercooled liquid region with a temperature interval of 40.38 K (△TX=TX-TR). The alloys with a higher phosphorous content in the metalloid element composition triangle of Fe74Al4Sn2(PSiB)20 have high glass forming ability. The amorphous alloys also show good magnetic properties in which Fe74Al4Sn2P6.67Si6.67B6.67 alloy has a large maximum permeability (μm), Fe78AlSn2P3Si3B10 alloy exhibits a high squareratio (Br/Blo) and FeT~A14Sn2P, Sil2B4 shows a low core loss (P0.5 1.3T). High glass forming ability and good magnetic properties make Fe74Al4Sn2(PSiB)20 amorphous alloys valuable in future research.     

30 wt.% 碳化物含量 (Cr,Fe)7C3/Fe3Al 金属陶瓷涂层磨损行为

采用销-盘往复干摩擦磨损试验研究了30wt.%碳化物含量的由原位自生(Cr,Fe)_7C_3颗粒弥散强化的(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al金属陶瓷涂层的形貌、硬度,以及室温和400℃下的磨损性能。为了便于对比,同时测定了不同温度下的RuT350基体、Fe3Al涂层硬度。此外,在相同条件下,测定了室温和400℃时RuT350基体和NiCr-MoCr_3C_2涂层的摩擦磨损情况。结果表明,(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al涂层硬度随温度升高衰减较慢,且在相同的接触载荷下,(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al涂层的摩擦系数明显低于RuT350铸铁,其与摩擦副的总磨损量400℃下仅为RuT350基体与摩擦副总磨损量的45.8%,其室温与400℃下的耐磨性优于Fe3Al涂层和NiCr-Mo-Cr_3C_2涂层。(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al具有较高的中高温耐磨性主要源于金属间化合物Fe3Al粘结相在特定的温度范围具有异于普通合金的R现象,致使(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al具有较高的高温硬度,并存在大量弥散分布的细小(Cr, Fe)_7C_3晶粒,不易造成陶瓷颗粒从金属相中脱落在磨损表面形成第三粒的协同机制。     

Ti-5Mo-5V-2Cr-3Al合金热压缩变形行为

对Ti-5Mo-5V-2Cr-3Al钛合金进行等温压缩实验,变形温度范围为923～1123 K,应变速率为0.001～1 s<'-1>.分析表明该材料的流变应力对温度与应变速率敏感:当变形温度为923～1023 K时,流变应力曲线呈现动态再结晶曲线特征;当变形温度为1073 K时,低应变速率(0.001s<'-1>)的流变应力曲线呈现动态再结晶曲线特征,高应变速率(0.01-1 s<'-1>)的流变应力曲线呈现动态回复曲线特征;当变形温度为1123 K时,流变应力曲线呈现动态回复曲线特征;峰值流变应力随着变形温度的升高而下降,且下降速率随着温度升高而降低;峰值流变应力随着应变速率的升高而升高,升高速率在923～1023 K范围内随着应变速率升高而下降,在1073 K时随着应变速率升高而升高,在1123 K时随着应变速率升高无变化.Ti-5Mo-5V-2Cr-3Al钛合金在等温压缩变形时的流变行为可用包含Zener-Holomon参数的Arrhenius本构方程描述,变形激活能为789 kJ·mol-1.     

Local Composition Migration Induced Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Non-equiatomic Fe40Cr25Ni15 Al15Co5 Medium-Entropy Alloy

A newly designed composition of non-equiatomic Fe₄₀Cr₂₅Ni₁₅Al₁₅Co₅ medium-entropy alloy (MEA) was produced by induction melting (IM). The as-cast alloy was found to consist of a two-phase microstructure of BCC (2.87 ± 0.01 Å) and ordered B2 (2.88 ± 0.02 Å) type phases. The structures of these phases were confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. It was observed that the Ni-Al-enriched ordered B2 phase of cuboidal shapes (~ 100 to 200 nm) is homogeneously distributed in Fe-Cr-rich BCC matrix with a cube-on-cube orientation relationship. The formation of the columnar dendrites (width 50 to 100 μm) was identified through optical microscopy (OM). The structural and microstructural stability of the alloy was investigated by heat-treating the alloy through different schedules. Heat-treated samples at different temperatures (< 1273 K) exhibit a similar type of two-phase microstructure with columnar dendrites. However, compositional rearrangement takes place during long time exposure to develop polymorphically related phases. The alloy was observed to possess a high compressive yield strength and hardness, i.e., ~ 1047 MPa and 391 ± 9 HV, respectively, at room temperature. Heat-treated samples at 600 °C and 900 °C (873 K and 1173 K) showed an increase in yield strength and ultimate strength with a significant increase in plasticity due to the increase in volume fraction of B2 phase and softening of the BCC matrix phase. The thermal stability and high strength of this alloy may open new avenues for high-temperature applications.

     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,and Sliding Wear Behavior of Oxide-Dispersion-Strengthened FeMnNi Alloy Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The face-centered-cubic (fcc) CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy suffers from low strength and wear resistance at ambient temperature. Herein, we developed a...     

Ti-5Mo-5V-2Cr-3Al合金中的冲击相变研究

利用Hopkinson压杆装置,对Ti-5Mo-5V-2Cr-3Al(TB10)合金进行高速冲击试验,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜分析其冲击相变与动态承载能力之间的关系.结果表明,显微组织状态对绝热剪切敏感性影响很大,在相同的应变率条件下,两相区固溶+时效、两相区固溶+双重时效的TB10合金试样中均可观察到明显的绝热剪切带...     

Amorphization of Al50(Fe2B)30Nb20 Mixture by Mechanical Alloying

An amorphous Al₅₀(Fe₂B)₃₀Nb₂₀ powder mixture was prepared by mechanical alloying in a high-energy planetary ball-mill under argon atmosphere. Morphologic, microstructural, and structural changes during the milling process were followed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns was used to follow the solid-state amorphization transformation during the milling process of the prepared powder. The reaction between elemental Al, Fe₂B, and Nb powders leads to the formation of the Al(Fe,B) and Al(Fe,Nb,B) solid solutions after 4 and 6 hours of milling, respectively. An amorphous structure is achieved after 20 of milling. These amorphous powders are crystallized on further milling time (36 hours). The observation by scanning electron microscope shows a phenomenon of fracturing followed by compaction of the powder particles.     

时效处理对Cr20Ni32AlTi合金室温冲击性能的影响

 研究了铁镍基耐热耐蚀合金Cr20Ni32AlTi在1150℃、15min固溶处理并经450~850℃、05~5h的时效处理后室温冲击性能的变化规律。结果表明,450℃时效冲击性能最好。随时效温度升高,时效时间延长,冲击性能下降。450~850℃时效时,在合金晶界上有碳化物M23C6析出,且随温度增加和时间延长,析出增加。850℃时冲击功最低,此时碳化物M23C6析出相呈连续颗粒状析出,布满整个晶界。且观察到一些部位碳化物M23C6析出相形成薄膜,冲击时因基体变形而脆断成条块状。     

Effect of Si on the Growth Behavior of the Fe2Al5 Phase at Al-xSi(liquid)/Fe(solid) Interface During Holding by In-Situ Synchrotron Radiography

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Effect of Si on the growth behavior of the Fe2Al5 phase formed at the Al-xSi(liquid)/Fe(solid) interface during holding was investigated by a...     

The Influence of Induction Sintering on Microstructure and Deformation Behavior of Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Alloy

The influence of the induction sintering process at different temperatures on the behavior of the powder metallurgy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr alloy was investigated. Material for the research was produced by elemental powder blending, followed by the uniaxial cold compacting process. Powder compacts were induction heated and sintered within the temperature range of 1000 °C to 1300 °C. The influences of process parameters on the material behavior during sintering and its properties were studied. The microstructure examination was performed with particular attention to the pore size and distribution as well as the homogenization of the microstructure. The sintering temperature of 1200 °C proved to be critical for the dissolution of most alloying powder particles. Hot compression tests were performed to determine the formability of the obtained material. Significant differences in flow stress behavior between samples sintered at temperatures below and above 1200 °C were observed. The mechanical properties of the material before and after deformation were compared. The evolution of the microstructure of sintered Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr alloy after hot deformation was analyzed with an emphasis on its influence on the material properties. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the adequate homogenization of the chemical composition and microstructure was achieved at the temperature of 1250 °C, and a further increase did not reflect in a significant improvement.

     

Annealing Behavior of a Nanostructured Fe1.5Mo Alloy

In-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction is shown to be complementary to thermal analysis for the study of the annealing of a ball-milled nanocrystalline Fe 1.5 wt pct Mo powder. The evolution of domain size distribution and defects is quantified via whole powder pattern modeling (WPPM) of the diffraction data. A possible annealing mechanism is proposed for the powder.     

Fe 15C 15Cr 15Al超高碳钢碳化物的球化和力学性能

 对Fe 15C 15Cr 15Al超高碳钢碳化物的球化工艺及力学性能进行了研究。扫描电镜观察表明，加入铝，可抑制锻后空冷条件下先共析网状碳化物的析出；利用铝合金化作用和成分不均匀化奥氏体加热控制，提出了2种无形变球化处理工艺：①离异共析等温球化；②预冷淬火+高温回火。2种球化处理工艺均能获得良好的球化组织和良好的综合力学性能：Rm≥1 000 MPa，Re≥700 MPa，A10=10%~14%。拉伸断口具有明显的缩颈，断口形貌呈具有典型的韧窝特征。     

Oxidation Behavior of Nb-20Mo-15Si-25Cr and Nb-20Mo-15Si-25Cr-5B Alloys

Nb-20Mo-15Si-25Cr (25Cr alloy) and Nb-20Mo-15Si-25Cr-5B (25Cr/5B alloy) alloys have been subjected to oxidation in air for 24 hours from 973 K to 1673 K (700 °C to 1400 °C). Even though B additions do not improve oxidation resistance at temperatures higher than 1473 K (1200 °C), the lower temperature oxidation resistance is superior with B by influencing the microstructure. Porous oxide scale development at lower temperatures has been attributed to the dominant growth of Nb₂O₅ and the vaporization of MoO₃. An intermediate oxidation layer is developed between the scale and the metal for the 25Cr/5B alloy at temperatures above 1173 K (900 °C). Scale densification at elevated temperatures results in higher stress development as a result of the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion, ultimately resulting in oxide spallation.