一种高速Viterbi译码器的优化设计及Verilog实现

文章设计了一种高速Viterbi译码器，该设计基于卷积码编码及其Viterbi译码原理，完成了Viterhi译码的核心单元算法的优化，并采用Verilog语言编程实现了卷积码编码器和译码器。仿真和综合的结果表明本文设计的译码器速率达50Mbit／s，同时译码器的电路规模也通过算法得到了优化。     

一种崭新的维特比译码器找点算法的VHDL实现

提出了一种维特比译码器的找点算法，并按ＣＣＩＴＴＶ．３２ｂｉｓ协议用ＶＨＤＬ语言合理实现了ＭＯＤＥＭ中维特比译码模块的设计，得到了电路规模较小。     

利用单片维特比译码器实现64QAM TCM的解调

本文给出利用单片维特比译码器实现６４ＱＡＭ格栅编码调制（ＴＣＭ）解调电路的方案。采用这种方法可以避免６４ＱＡＭＴＣＭ解调电路难以实现的困难在传输带宽保持基本不变的条件下,可以取得３ｄＢ的编码增益。     

第七讲 格状编码调制的维特比译码算法

格状编码调制（ＴＣＭ）可以在相同的频带利用率下，使信号得到２．５５～７．３７ｄＢ的编码增益，在数字通信中得到了广泛的应用，ＴＣＭ的维特比（Ｖｉｔｅｒｂｉ）译码算法是一种最大似然译码方法，它可以充分体现了ＴＣＭ的优点，本文讨论了维特比译码算法的原理，并以４状态卷积码和ＨＤＴＶ地面广播中使用的ＴＣＭ－３２ＱＡＭ为例，介绍了硬判决维持比译码和软判决维特比译码算法的译码过程。     

数字HDTV地面广播传输方法 第七讲 格状编码调制的维特比译码算法

格状编码调制（ＴＣＭ）可以在相同的频带利用率下，使信号得到２．５５～７．３７ｄＢ的编码增益，在数字通信中得到了广泛的应用。ＴＣＭ的维特比（Ｖｉｔｅｒｂｉ）译码算法是一种最大似然译码方法，它可以充分体现ＴＣＭ的优点。本文讨论了维特比译码算法的原理，并以４状态卷积码和ＨＤＴＶ地面广播中使用的ＴＣＭ－３２ＱＡＭ为例，介绍了硬判决维特比译码和软判决维特比译码算法的译码过程。     

并行级联Gallager码的动态最大外迭代次数译码方案的研究

PCGC(Parallel Concatenated Gallager Code,并行级联Gallager码)是将LDPC(Low Density Parity Check,低密度奇偶校验)码运用于并行级联编码形式而得到的一种新型编码,它的译码器采用双层迭代的形式.传统的PCGC译码器采用FMSIN(Fixed Maximum Super Iteration Number,固定最大外迭代次数)的方案,在信道SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio,信噪比)较低时会导致译码器平均迭代次数,也即译码器复杂度偏高.针对于此,本文提出一种根据信道信噪比状况动态调整译码器中最大外迭代次数的方案,并通过计算机仿真,验证了运用此方案后,译码器复杂度可得到较大程度的降低.     

一种基于SBC技术的16kbit/s高效语音编译码器

本文介绍一种基于SBC技术的16kbit／s高效语音编译码器．在该编码方案中，IIR型正义镜象滤波器（QMF）用于实现语音分带，而基于快速搜索技术的矢量量化（FVQA）用于对除基带（采用ADPCM技术）外的其余高频带语音编码。一片TMS320C25芯片实现了两路16kbit／s语音编译码器，并借此实现了两人双向实时通信。得到良好的语音可懂度、自然度及客观评测结果。     

卷积码编码器和Viterbi译码器的FPGA实现

介绍了目前在数字无线通信中常用的一种向前纠错编码卷积码编码和Viterbi解码的原理，并采用TOP-DOWN的设计思想，利用相关的EDA工具软件进行设计。并将卷积码编码器、Viterbi译码器设计下载到Altera公司的FPGA芯片上进行仿真，得到了预期的设计结果。     

改进型LPC声码器语音编码算法

本文给出了一种改进的ＬＰＣ语音编码算法，用于实现低速率声码器。与传统ＬＰＣ声码器算法相比，本算法在参数提取及合成等方面采取了一些改进措施，使得合成语音质量有很大的提高。本文在引言后概述了编码算法改进的考虑，然后给出编译码器的算法，重点讨论了本文提出的用动态规划法进行基音提取和平滑的新算法，以及合成端混合激励算法。本算法已经用ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５实现单片编解码。     

MT896X系列PCM滤波器,编译码器

ＰＣＭ编译码器是数字通信中必不可少的部件，ＭＴ８９６Ｘ系列译码器性能满足ＣＣＩＴＴ和ＡＴＴ规范要求，且还有环回、测试等各种附加功能，片上还集成了４／５个独立的驱动器，可简化交换机用户环路的设计。本文介绍ＭＴ８９６Ｘ系列编码器的内部组成管脚定义并给出了在交换朵中的应用实例。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks