热连轧带钢头尾鱼尾形状模拟控制研究与应用

针对某钢厂1500热连轧机组粗轧区轧制过程的工艺特点,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了立辊/水平辊轧制的三维弹塑性有限元模型。研究了带钢在不同的立辊侧压量、水平辊压下量、板坯的原始宽度和厚度对轧后中间坯头部和尾部形状变化规律的影响,建立控制头尾形状的短行程控制曲线模型用来改善头尾形状。通过现场实际应用可以看出,此短行程控制模型能够有效的减少头尾失宽及鱼尾长度,从而减小头尾切损量,提高成材率。     

扁锭轧制中厚板过程平面形状控制的实验研究

通过实验模拟方法研究分析了扁锭轧制中厚板时,头尾平面形状的控制参数及方法,为改善中厚板生产时的头尾形状,提高成材率创造了条件。     

立辊形状对板坯断面形状的影响

基于弹塑性有限元理论,利用大型有限元计算软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对中厚板生产的立辊轧边变形进行了模拟计算,分析了不同形状立辊对轧后狗骨形状的影响。立轧后板坯头、尾部存在不同程度的失宽,狗骨高度最大值出现在板坯中部,采用孔型立辊或锥形立辊可提高轧制过程的稳定性。     

H型钢立辊轴心可变式万能轧制法的实验研究

将万能轧机的立辊轴心向出口侧移动的轧制法，翼缘宽展量增加约６．４％，平辊轧制力减少１２％，且板形得到改善     

热轧带钢宽度控制的改进措施

针对首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司2250mm热轧生产线出现的管线钢头尾宽度偏窄、展宽轧制时宽度控制效果不好、立辊短行程参数维护繁琐效率低等问题,采取了将板坯上下表面温差控制在30℃以内、避免叩头板坯在定宽机处出现打滑、优化定宽机与立辊负荷分配、严格控制来料板坯宽度、开发新的立辊短行程维护工具等改进措施,取得了很好的效果。     

孔型立辊调宽轧制的三维刚塑性有限元研究

采用刚塑性有限元法(FEM)建立宝钢2050粗轧区孔型立辊调宽过程轧制模型。计算所得多块带钢轧制力值与现场实测结果吻合良好,模拟的带钢头尾形状与现场实际结果吻合也很好,并建立立轧稳态狗骨形状计算的数学模型。同时研究得出立辊孔型角度对狗骨高及轧制力的影响规律。     

立轧对中厚板断面形状的影响

基于中厚板在立轧轧边后板坯变形的物理模拟,分析了平辊立轧与倒棱轧制对中厚板断面形状的影响。平辊立轧可显著减小坯料侧面双鼓形及折叠,倒棱轧制可有效消除坯料侧面双鼓形。     

立辊辊槽磨损对板坯断面形状的影响

针对热连轧粗轧段板坯在线调宽生产中立辊辊槽的磨损对轧制后板坯截面“狗骨”形状的影响,本文基于弹塑性有限元理论,利用有限元软件MSC．Marc,对在不同侧压量下,采用新立辊、磨损中、磨损后立辊和磨损的理想极限平立辊四种轧制条件下对应的板坯截面形状变化进行了仿真分析。得出了立辊辊槽磨损对“狗骨”形状的影响规律,随着磨损加深,立辊辊槽宽度增大,“狗骨”形状明显。     

板坯头/尾部平面形状对铝合金厚板粗轧头尾切除量的影响

为降低铝合金厚板粗轧头尾切除量,提高热轧铝板成材率,以5052铝合金材料为对象,基于DEFORM商用软件,利用刚塑性有限元方法模拟板厚和压下量对头尾鼓形深度的影响规律,建立头尾切除量定量预测模型。以此为基础,开展多道次可逆轧制过程中头/尾部普通平面、圆弧平面、梯形平面下的轧件头尾切除量演变规律探究,结果表明:圆弧平面与梯形平面能减少头尾切损约18%~20%。普通平面的头尾切除量预测模型已应用于实际轧制规程,预测结果和现场实测情况吻合,验证了有限元模拟结果的正确性。综合考虑铸锭的端面铣削工艺,梯形平面更有利于现有铝合金厚板热轧生产。     

SP大侧压变形后板坯形状的研究

文章采用数值模拟和物理模拟相结合的方法,研究了SP(Sizing Press)侧压调宽过程中板坯的变形规律、SP侧压变形后板坯形状的特征、不对称变形条件和侧压量对板坯尾部翘曲的影响规律以及板坯形状对后续水平轧制后轧件板形的影响。研究结果表明,SP侧压变形过程中,板坯的变形是不均匀的。侧压后板坯的形状具有板坯头尾呈鱼尾形;横截面呈狗骨状;板坯宽度呈周期性变化,侧面形成压痕,板坯侧面厚度也相应呈周期性变化;垂直方向的不对称变形条件容易造成板坯尾部翘曲;产生尾部翘曲的板坯经过水平道次轧制后,会造成尾部宽度增加;SP侧压后板坯的宽度波动会引起水平轧制后轧件的宽度波动等特征。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。