阶跃光纤中相近频率传输区域的调制不稳定性

利用激光脉冲在光纤中传播时所遵守的相干非线性薛定谔耦合方程,研究了非线性双折射色散阶跃光纤(SWDF)中两相近频率的激光脉冲,其偏振方向相互正交且平行于光纤的双折射轴,且偏振方向沿2个双折射轴的分量强度相等时,在同为反常色散区和正常色散区所产生的调制不稳定性.结果表明,在反常非线性区和正常色散区都能产生调制不稳定性;在正常色散区存在不同的调制不稳定性功率区域,对应不同的功率区域导致增益谱表现出明显的不同,并且,当输入功率和波长差(或频率差)一定时,增益谱随传输距离变化保持形态不变.     

环烯烃共聚物多孔太赫兹纤维的设计与特性模拟

太赫兹纤维波导是太赫兹系统中重要的组成元件。为了实现太赫兹辐射的低损耗低色散传输,设计了一种以环烯烃共聚物为基质的多孔太赫兹纤维,并利用基于全矢量有限元法的商业软件COMSOL 分析了该多孔太赫兹纤维的传输特性,着重考察了亚波长多孔纤芯的结构参数对传输特性的影响。结果表明,这种太赫兹纤维可以将模场能量很好地限制在亚波长多孔纤芯中传输,具有较小的有效模场面积、低的传输损耗和平坦近零色散等优良的传输特性;同时,通过增大多孔纤芯的占空比,可以将更多的模场能量限制在亚波长直径的空气孔洞中传输,并减小太赫兹纤维的有效模场面积和有效模式损耗,但同时会增大限制损耗和色散。     

环烯烃共聚物多孔太赫兹纤维的设计与特性模拟

太赫兹纤维波导是太赫兹系统中重要的组成元件。为了实现太赫兹辐射的低损耗低色散传输,设计了一种以环烯烃共聚物为基质的多孔太赫兹纤维,并利用基于全矢量有限元法的商业软件COMSOL分析了该多孔太赫兹纤维的传输特性,着重考察了亚波长多孔纤芯的结构参数对传输特性的影响。结果表明:这种太赫兹纤维可以将模场能量很好的限制在亚波长多孔纤芯中传输,具有较小的有效模场面积、低的传输损耗和平坦近零色散等优良的传输特性;同时,通过增大多孔纤芯的占空比,可以将更多的模场能量限制在亚波长直径的空气孔洞中传输,并减小太赫兹纤维的有效模场面积和有效模式损耗,但同时会增大限制损耗和色散。     

基于渐变折射率的太赫兹人工表面等离激元片上透镜特性

借助于结构化的金属/介质界面所形成的人工表面等离激元，能够将太赫兹场束缚在亚波长量级，同时利用单元结构对几何参数的色散特性，可以在二维尺度上操纵太赫兹波，为集成化、小型化片上太赫兹功能器件的发展提供了解决途径。利用立体金属柱子结构的色散特性构建二维渐变折射率透镜，在此基础之上设计平面望远镜、波导耦合器、双功能透镜等二维太赫兹人工表面等离激元传输调控器件，并通过电磁仿真分析每种功能器件的工作性能。本工作不仅丰富了太赫兹表面波调控器件家族，并有望进一步发展表面等离激元链路的太赫兹片上系统。     

保偏光纤中任意偏振方向矢量调制不稳定性

利用光脉冲在非线性双折射光纤中传播时所遵守的相干耦合非线性薛定谔方程,研究了保偏光纤中偏振方向与双折射轴成任意角度时,在反常色散区和正常色散区所产生的调制不稳定性。结果表明:在反常色散区对于任意的偏振角和任意输入功率的光脉冲都产生调制不稳定性;正常色散区的存在不稳定区域和稳定区域,对应不同的不稳定区域输入临界功率不同,脉冲有不同的增益谱。并且,给出了调制不稳定性增益谱随固有双折射和偏振角的变化关系。     

强双折射色散缓变光纤中偏振方向矢量调制不稳定性

利用光脉冲在非线性双折射光纤中传播时所遵守的相干耦合非线性薛定谔方程,研究了强双折射色散缓变光纤中偏振方向与双折射轴成任意角度时,在反常色散区和正常色散区所产生的调制不稳定性.结果表明：在反常色散区对于任意的偏振角和任意输入功率的光脉冲都产生调制不稳定性,正常色散区存在着不稳定区域和稳定区域,对应不同的不稳定区域输入临界功率不同,脉冲有不同的增益谱.并且,给出了调制不稳定性增益谱随传输距离和偏振角的变化关系.     

光栅参数对折射率剖面非均匀取样光纤光栅的影响

利用传输矩阵法,数值分析了光栅参数对折射率剖面非均匀的均匀光纤光栅及取样光纤光栅的透射谱、偏振关系损耗和偏振模色散的影响。计算结果表明,均匀光纤光栅的光栅条纹可见度及光栅周期对其偏振关系损耗和偏振模色散影响很大;改变取样光纤光栅的取样周期及光栅段长度,透射谐振峰的幅度、偏振关系损耗和偏振模色散的最大值均随取样光纤光栅长度的增加而递增。与靠近中心波长的谐振峰相比,折射率剖面非均匀导致的双折射对取样光纤光栅远离中心波长的谐振峰的影响较小。     

一种多带非相干光子太赫兹通信系统中的SSBI抑制技术

光子太赫兹通信具有大带宽、低传输损耗等优势，故成为6G超高速无线通信的研究热点。由于极低的用户端复杂性和成本，基于非相干的包络检波太赫兹接收技术备受关注。提出了一种多带非相干光子太赫兹通信系统。通过多带自适应调制，实现高性能太赫兹点对多点覆盖传输；此外，通过光域自适应滤波，抑制非相干包络检波时多带之间的信号-信号拍频串扰，实现每个子带信号的低算法复杂度和低功耗接收。实验中，根据系统的传输响应，3个子带分别使用5.75 G Baud 64QAM、16QAM和4QAM的自适应调制方式；再通过自适应单边带光滤波，接收端仅使用最小均方均衡算法即成功实现了300 GHz频段多带太赫兹信号的2 m无线传输。     

高精度色散管理实现160Gb/s光时分复用信号100km稳定无误码传输

在160 Gb/s 100 km光时分复用(OTDM)通信系统中,色散是影响系统性能的主要因素。为减小由此带来的信号波形的失真,进行了理论分析与研究,并做了相应的实验加以验证。传输链路采用混合补偿方式,精确补偿色散与色散斜率,优化传输链路色散图谱及各点工作功率,有效抑制非线性效应,实现高精度色散管理,提升系统的整体性能。使用500 GHz高速示波器,调整传输链路光纤的长度精确到10 m,并准确观测各环节实验结果。系统既没有使用前向纠错技术,也没有进行偏振模色散(PMD)补偿,仅仅通过高精度色散管理实现了160 Gb/s光时分复用信号100.25 km稳定无误码(误码率小于10-12)传输。     

WDM系统中同步幅度调制技术对PMD的抑制

引入了随机扰动双折射单模光纤模型,导出了双波长的光波在随机双折射光纤中的非线性脉冲传输方程;在此基础上,研究了偏振模色散对2×10Gb／sWDM系统中脉冲序列传输的影响,并采用同步幅度调制控制技术有效地降低了偏振模色散的影响。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks