太赫兹光谱结合机器学习的甜味剂检测

以三氯蔗糖、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇3种人工甜味剂为研究对象,采用太赫兹时域光谱技术,结合多种机器学习和优化算法对甜味剂与面粉混合物的光谱数据进行系统的分类识别和定量回归研究。结果表明,麻雀搜索算法-支持向量机模型/支持向量回归模型(SSA-SVM/SVR)对混合物的定性及定量分析结果均达到最优,分类预测的准确率达到95.56%,定量回归预测的最佳回归系数R2为0.999 8,实现了3种甜味剂和面粉混合物的高精确度分类和定量分析,为人工甜味剂的快速检测提供了一种有效可靠的新思路。     

基于变换域APSO的任意阵列宽带DOA估计算法

为了提高宽带信号来波方向（Direction-of-arrival, DOA）估计精度并降低计算复杂度, 本文结合已知的发射信号波形, 提出了一种基于变换域加速粒子群最优化（Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization, APSO）的宽带DOA估计算法, 该算法适用于任意阵列和低采样率情况。首先对阵列接收数据进行匹配滤波以及傅里叶变换处理,其次根据频域宽带阵列数据模型,利用确定性极大似然（Deterministic Maximum Likelihood, DML）准则构建宽带DOA估计的空间谱函数,然后采用变换域APSO算法对空间谱函数进行最大值搜索,搜索结果即为DOA估计值。该算法无需DOA预估计,不依赖空间谱函数的梯度信息,计算复杂度低。仿真实验表明,所提算法具有高估计精度和低计算复杂度,在信噪比为20?dB时,DOA估计均方根误差为0.02°。      

均衡掺铒光纤放大器及8×2.5Gb/s 450km传输实验

　Aiming at the problem of dynamically gain imbalance in cascaded amplification WDM system,a series of dynamically gain equalized Erbium-doped fiber power booster and inline amplifier were designed and built,in which the population inversion was controlled.The equalisation transmission was demonstrated by using this kind of EDFA.     

A kinetic study of structured surface relief patterning of GaP (\bar 1\bar 1\bar 1)

Orientation dependent etching of photolithographically patterned GaP was investigated using solutions of HCl:CH₃COOH:H₂O₂. The pattern was prepared using standard ultraviolet lithography and was a two-dimensional grid with an 18 μm repeat, consisting of 15 μm squares separated by 3 μm spaces. The mask sides were aligned along the and directions. Under appropriate etching conditions, high quality arrays of pyramids were prepared. These pyramids were defined by , and facets. It was shown that the etching process depended on the degree of solution aging after initial mixing. For a freshly prepared solution, the etching rate showed an inverse dependence on time. For short etching times (below 5 min), an intermediate etching profile was followed, while for long times (greater than 5 min) etching was kinetically controlled. We demonstrated that controlled etching at extremely low rates (0.1–0.5 μm/min) is feasible with this new approach.     

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO反向链路数据吞吐量平衡负荷算法设计

 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO是基于3G技术中的一种高速数据传输系统,其反向链路采用码分复用方式.由于数据传输系统具有数据传输突发性和速率波动大的特点,因此需要在反向链路进行负荷控制,防止出现热噪声超标导致信号崩溃.为解决系统反向链路数据吞吐量的最大化和 反向链路的稳定性问题,本文引入了比例积分微分控制算法.通过模糊控制方法自动实时整定算法中的控制参数,结合增量型比例积分微分控制算法,降低了计算资源损耗,实现反向链路稳定性和反向链路数据吞吐量最大化的平衡.     

A low-noise widely tunable Gm-C filter with frequency calibration

A fourth-order Gm-C Chebyshev low-pass filter is presented as channel selection filter for reconfigurable multi-mode wireless receivers. Low-noise technologies are proposed in optimizing the noise characteristics of both the Gm cells and the filter topology. A frequency tuning strategy is used by tuning both the transconductance of the Gm cells and the capacitance of the capacitor banks. To achieve accurate cut-off frequencies, an on-chip calibration circuit is presented to compensate for the frequency inaccuracy introduced by process variation. The filter is fabricated in a 0.13 μm CMOS process. It exhibits a wide programmable bandwidth from 322.5 kHz to 20 MHz. Measured results show that the filter has low input referred noise of 5.9 nV/√Hz and high out-of-band ⅡP3 of 16.2 dBm. It consumes 4.2 and 9.5 mW from a 1 V power supply at its lowest and highest cut-off frequencies respectively.     

Design of current mirror integration ROIC for snapshot mode operation

Current mirror integration (CMI) read out integrated circuit (ROIC) topology provides a low input impedance to photo-detectors and provides large injection efficiency, large charge handling capacity and snapshot mode operation without in-pixel opamps. The ROIC described in this paper has been implemented with a modified current mirror circuit, with matched PMOS pairs for detector input stage and its biasing. The readout circuit has been designed for 30×30μm² pixel size, 4×4 array size, variable frame rate, 5 Mega pixel per second (Mpps). Experimental performance of the test chip has achieved 15 Me charge handling capacity, a high dynamic range of 83 dB, 99.8% linearity and 99.96% injection efficiency. The ROIC design has been fabricated in 3.3 V 1P6M UMC 180 nm CMOS process and tested up to 5 MHz pixel rate at room and at cryogenic temperature.     

High performance power-configurable preamplifier in a high-density parallel optical receiver

A power-configurable high performance preamplifier was implemented in standard 180-nm CMOS technology for 12 × 10 Gb/s high-density ultra-high speed parallel optical communication system. With critical limitations on power consumption, area and fabrication cost, the preamplifier achieves high performance, e.g. high bandwidth, high trans-impedance gain, low noise and high stability. A novel feed-forward common gate (FCG) stage is adopted to alleviate contradictions on trans-impedance gain and bandwidth by using a low headroom consuming approach to isolate a large input capacitance and using complex pole peaking techniques to substitute inductors to achieve bandwidth extension. A multi-supply power-configurable scheme was employed to avoid wasteful power caused by a pessimistic estimation of process-voltage-temperature (PVT) variation. Two representative samples provide a trans-impedance gain of 53.9 dBΩ, a 3-dB bandwidth of 6.8 GHz, a power dissipation of 6.26 mW without power-configuration and a trans-impedance gain of 52.1 dBΩ, a 3-dB bandwidth of 8.1 GHz, a power dissipation of 6.35 mW with power-configuration, respectively. The measured average input-referred noise-current spectral density is no more than 28 pA/Hz. The chip area is only 0.08 ? 0.08 mm².     

基于MIMO技术的二维波达方向估计

传统的L型阵相比面阵精简了阵列结构,以较少的阵元实现二维波达方向估计,但是波达方向估计性能受到物理孔径限制。本文将MIMO技术和L型阵结合,提出一种基于MIMO技术的L型阵二维波达方向估计方法。该方法通过MIMO等效虚拟阵列原理,将L型阵等效为一矩形平面阵列,然后在等效矩形阵列的基础上,采用MUSIC进行二维波达方向估计,以L型阵的物理孔径实现矩形平面阵列的估计性能。本文推导了二维波达方向估计的CRB,计算机仿真实验证实了所提方法的有效性。      

一种可自动配对的二维波达方向估计算法

针对非相关远场窄带信号,提出了一种基于L阵模型的低复杂度高分辨二维波达方向估计算法。该方法通过利用互相关矩阵以及L阵的几何结构,消除了附加噪声的影响,且对于方位角和俯仰角的求取仅仅需要一维估计,同时该算法只需对一个低维矩阵进行特征值分解,减少了运算负担,该算法利用特征值求取俯仰角,利用相应的特征向量构造出的虚拟阵列响应矩阵求取与俯仰角配对的方位角。仿真进一步证明了算法的有效性,通过仿真还可以看出,该文所提方法在低信噪比、小快拍数和较小角度间距的情况下都具有良好的性能。     

基于MUSIC算法的L型阵列MIMO雷达降维DOA估计

该文提出一种基于MUSIC算法的L型阵列多输入多输出雷达降维波达方向(DOA)估计算法。该算法首先针对L型阵列导向矢量的结构,构造出一个降维矩阵,将回波信号转换到低维空间。然后利用二次优化方法将2维DOA估计分解为两个1维DOA估计。最后利用MUSIC空间谱估计其中1维角度,并利用求得的角度回代谱函数,对另1维角度进行求根估计。该算法将2维空间谱搜索降为1维搜索,极大地降低了运算复杂度。理论分析和仿真结果验证了该算法的准确性和可行性。     

基于L型和差嵌套阵的二维波达方向估计

针对传统L型均匀阵列二维波达方向（Direction of Arrival,DOA）估计中可估计信源数目受限于阵元数、分辨率低等问题,提出了一种新的L型和差嵌套阵列结构。该L型阵列的两个子阵布置相同,是非均匀的稀疏阵,通过阵元位置之间的差分、求和操作达到虚拟扩展阵元数目的效果,从而提升阵列的自由度。采用该阵列进行二维DOA估计时,两个子阵分别先进行一维的DOA估计,再采用PSCM（Pair-matching Signal Covariance Matrices）算法进行一维角度配对。每个子阵进行一维波达方向估计时,先采用VCAM（Vectorized Conjugate Augmented MUSIC）算法生成非均匀稀疏阵的求和求差协方差矩阵,再采用矩阵重构的方法恢复协方差矩阵的秩,最后对协方差矩阵采用MUSIC（Multiple Signal Classification）算法进行DOA估计。实验仿真表明,本阵列有着更高的自由度和估计精度。      

基于L形嵌套的混合MIMO相控阵雷达阵列设计

混合MIMO相控阵雷达发射端的子阵分割会导致自由度损失,为了解决这一问题,提出了一种基于嵌套阵结构的L形收发阵列设计方法。首先将发射端的混合MIMO相控阵雷达线阵纵向放置,然后接收阵列设计为横向布置的嵌套阵结构,最后通过在虚拟阵列中构造差异阵列,以L形的线阵结构实现了二维混合MIMO相控阵雷达的功能。通过形成虚拟阵元数目扩展,在保留混合MIMO相控阵雷达优势的同时增大了阵列自由度。且本文给出了这种结构下阵列流形的闭合表达式。仿真结果表明,与传统的混合MIMO相控阵雷达相比,这种方法能够提高自由度和波达方向估计精度。      

基于互质阵列重构的高维波达方向估计算法

针对角度估计中现有算法估计信源数少的问题,提出了一种基于互质阵列重构的高维波达方向估计算法,实现了有限物理阵元条件下多重信号角度的超分辨估计.该方法首先对接收信号协方差矩阵进行列向量化处理,建立虚拟阵列模型,然后在此基础上重构虚拟阵列流型,拟合出缺失的虚拟阵元响应,最后引入空域平滑的思想,实现角度的超分辨估计.对本文算法的复杂度和阵列自由度进行理论分析.仿真结果表明,所提方法在相同物理阵元数条件下阵列自由度高于连续空域平滑检测算法和迭代内插检测算法,相比于迭代内插检测算法,以较小的复杂度代价获得了性能的较大提高.     

基于L型阵列酉变换矩阵重构的二维DOA估计

二维空间信号波达方向（DOA）的估计是阵列信号处理的一个关键研究问题。经典的二维 MUSIC算法固然精度高,但此算法需要二维谱峰搜索,运算较为复杂。提出一种用于L型阵列的二维DOA估计算法,通过矩阵重构使得阵列输出矩阵变为中心对称矩阵,再利用酉变换矩阵将其由复值矩阵变为实值矩阵。该方法可以直接得到目标参数,不需要谱峰搜索,使得运算量大大降低。相比于 L 型阵列适用的增广矩阵束（MEMP）算法,该算法可以估计更多信源的DOA,并能获得较高的分辨率。计算机仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的DOA估计精度。     

信号的二维到达角和极化估计

本文论述了一种基于子空间方法的多信号二维到达角和极化参量的估计算法。该方法采用了交叉偶极子阵元组成的L型阵列,利用子阵输出信号数据矩阵中包含的信号空间的旋转不变性质,借助于矩阵束方法求解出信号的二维到达角和极化参量的估汁值,并自动进行参数的配对。仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性。     

DOA estimation with double L-shaped array based on Hadamard product and joint diagonalization in the presence of sensor gain-phase errors

A method with double L-shaped array for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of sensor gain-phase errors is presented. The reason for choosing double L-shaped array is that the shared elements between sub-arrays are the most and rotation invariant property can be applied for this array. The proposed method is introduced as follows. (1) If the number of signal is one, first the gain errors are estimated and removed with the diagonal of the covariance matrix of the array output. Then the array is rotated by an unknown angle and DOA can be estimated with the relationship between signal subspace and steering vector of signal. (2) If signals are more than one, the method for eliminating gain errors is the same with the previous case, and then the phase errors are removed by the Hadamard product of the (cross) covariance matrix and its conjugate. After the errors are eliminated, the DOAs can be estimated by rotation invariant property and orthogonal joint diagonalization for the Hadamard product. This method requires neither calibrated sources nor multidimensional parameter search, and its performance is independent of the phase errors. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

     

基于L型阵的二维Root-MUSIC波达方向估计算法

提出一种适用于L型阵列的基于Root-MUSIC的二维DOA估计算法。该算法先利用L型阵列的两个相互垂直的线阵独立的估计波达方向,然后利用该L阵构造二维MUSIC谱峰搜索表达式实现先前两个独立线阵计算出来角度的配对。本算法不仅具有MUSIC算法高分辨率的优点,还有运算量小、方法简单的特点。