Cf/SiC 复合材料的 ZrB2-SiC/SiC 超高温陶瓷涂层研究

采用两步包埋法在Cf/SiC复合材料表面制备了Zr B_2-SiC/SiC超高温陶瓷涂层。借助SEM、XRD对涂层的微观结构及物相组成进行了分析研究,并进行了高温静态氧化和热震测试。研究表明,1500°C氧化5 h后,涂层表面覆盖有平整的玻璃相氧化层,氧化失重率为6.4%;热震测试10次后涂层的氧化失重率为14%。Zr B_2-SiC/SiC涂层能有效提高Cf/SiC复合材料的高温抗氧化性能。     

水热温度对SiC–C/C复合材料表面水热电泳沉积SiCn–MoSi2复合抗氧化涂层的影响

采用水热电泳沉积法在SiC–C/C复合材料表面制备了纳米碳化硅和二硅化钼的复相(SiCn–MoSi2)抗氧化涂层。采用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜等对制备涂层的晶相组成、表面及断面微观结构进行了表征。研究了水热温度对制备涂层的结构及高温抗氧化性能的影响,分析了涂层在1 600℃静态氧化行为及失效机理。结果表明:外涂层主要由MoSi2和β-SiC晶相组成。复相外涂层的致密程度、厚度及抗氧化性能随着水热温度的升高而提高。SiCn–MoSi2/SiC复合涂层具有较好的抗氧化和抗热震能力,在1 600℃氧化80 h后氧化质量损失为3.6×10–3 g/cm2。复合涂层在1 600℃的氧化失效主要是由于经过长时间氧化后SiO2玻璃膜层不能及时有效填补涂层中的缺陷,涂层中出现贯穿性的裂纹和孔洞导致的。     

水热温度对SiC-C/C复合材料表面水热电泳沉积SiCn-MoSi2复合抗氧化涂层的影响

采用水热电泳沉积法在SiC–C/C复合材料表面制备了纳米碳化硅和二硅化钼的复相(SiCn–MoSi2)抗氧化涂层。采用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜等对制备涂层的晶相组成、表面及断面微观结构进行了表征。研究了水热温度对制备涂层的结构及高温抗氧化性能的影响,分析了涂层在1 600℃静态氧化行为及失效机理。结果表明:外涂层主要由MoSi2和β-SiC晶相组成。复相外涂层的致密程度、厚度及抗氧化性能随着水热温度的升高而提高。SiCn–MoSi2/SiC复合涂层具有较好的抗氧化和抗热震能力,在1 600℃氧化80 h后氧化质量损失为3.6×10–3 g/cm2。复合涂层在1 600℃的氧化失效主要是由于经过长时间氧化后SiO2玻璃膜层不能及时有效填补涂层中的缺陷,涂层中出现贯穿性的裂纹和孔洞导致的。     

烧结助剂对ZrSiO4-Mullite复合涂层组织结构及抗氧化性能的影响

采用包埋法和预涂-烧结法相结合的组合工艺在C/C复合材料表面制备出ZrSiO4-Mullite复合涂层,借助XRD、SEM、体式显微镜对涂层组织结构进行了表征,研究了(MgO CeO2)、(Si SiO2)和(Mullite SiO2)三种烧结助剂对复合涂层组织结构和抗氧化性能的影响,揭示了涂层C/C试样的氧化失重原因。结果表明:ZrSiO4-Mullite复合涂层具有双层结构,内层由β-SiC相和α-SiC相组成,外层主要由Mullite相和ZrSiO4相构成。分别采用(MgO CeO2)、(Si SiO2)和(Mullite SiO2)烧结助剂制得的ZrSiO4-Mullite涂层的开裂倾向依次减弱,抗氧化性能依次增强。涂层裂纹的存在是造成ZrSiO4-Mullite涂层C/C试样氧化失重的主要原因。     

C/C复合材料抗氧化耐高温SiC陶瓷涂层的研究

采用高温反应法和PVD法在SiC工业合成炉内制备了C/C复合材料耐高温抗氧化SiC陶瓷涂层.用XRD、SEM对其物相组成和显微结构进行了表征与分析,讨论了涂层的形成机理,并研究了其高温氧化性能.研究结果表明,所制备的陶瓷涂层主要由α-SiCβ-SiC组成,晶粒发育完整,涂层表面致密、无裂纹,且与碳基体结合紧密,涂层厚度约600μm,涂层抗氧化性良好,在1500℃空气中氧化10h失重约为0.3%.     

C/C复合材料SiC-SiO_2/ZrO_2-SiC复合抗氧化涂层

为了提高C/C复合材料在高温有氧环境的抗氧化性,在SiC抗氧化涂层防护的基础上,采用气相沉积法及溶胶凝胶吸附冷凝热蒸汽法在C/C复合材料表面制备出了SiC-SiO2/ZrO2-SiC复合涂层。利用扫描电镜、能谱质谱测试及X射线衍射等检测方法对涂层各层进行了分析。结果表明,溶胶吸附ZrCl4蒸汽法制备ZrO2涂层,不仅能够在高温自动修复单层SiC涂层的裂纹缺陷,还起到了在制备外层SiC涂层过程中缓冲应力的作用。这种多层复合涂层在高温下具有良好的抗氧化性,在1 800℃等离子焰动态空气氧化120 s后,计算得出该涂层失重速率仅为0.4 g/(m2·s),表明该涂层具有卓越的抗氧化性。     

多孔隔热炭材料用SiC复合涂层的制备及抗氧化性能研究

多孔炭毡是优异的高温隔热保温材料,但使用过程中的微氧化问题将直接导致材料的氧化失效.本文采用刷涂反应法,在炭毡表面依次制备了预炭层及SiC复合涂层,借助X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分析涂层的物相组成以及微观结构,探究了在1 200℃、1400℃反应烧结制备的SiC复合涂层的结构和抗氧化性能差异.结果 表明:在大气环境进...     

C/C复合材料SiC-MoSi2-WSi2抗氧化涂层的制备及性能研究

为提高C/C复合材料的高温抗氧化性能,以聚碳硅烷(PCS)浸渍裂解法和Si,Mo,W粉浆料刷涂反应法在C/C复合材料表面制备SiC-MoSi2-WSi2复合涂层,借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等分析手段,对涂层的微观形貌、组织结构及物相进行分析研究,优化涂层制备工艺,考察了涂层的高温抗氧化性能,分析了抗氧化机理.制备的SiC-MoSi2-WSi2复合涂层厚度200 μm左右,主要由SiC,MoSi2,WSi2构成.1500℃氧化试验结果表明复合涂层的静态氧化失重率较SiC单层涂层降低50％以上,较大地改善了C/C复合材料的抗氧化性能.     

C/C复合材料SiC-Mo(Si,Al)_2涂层结构和抗氧化性能研究

采用高温原位反应法在C/C复合材料表面制备了SiC-Mo(Si, Al)_2防氧化复合涂层,用XRD、SEM测试表征了其物相组成和显微结构,对制备粉料中铝硅含量对涂层微观结构和抗氧化能力的影响进行了研究,分析了涂层失效原因。研究结果表明:添加Al粉使涂层制备过程粉料浸渗能力增强;Al、Si原子比为1∶10时所得到的复合涂层主要有Mo(Si, Al)_2、MoSi_2、SiC和游离Si等物相,具有较大的厚度和致密的结构,体现出良好的抗氧化性能。随着氧化的进行,SiO_2玻璃层出现的孔洞加速了涂层材料损耗,导致涂层中出现贯穿性裂纹,是涂层失效的主要原因。     

碳纤维增强碳复合材料表面多层复合涂层中SiC和TiC内层的比较(英文)

采用包埋法制备了碳纤维增强碳(carbon fiber reinforced carb on composites,C/C)复合材料表面多层涂层,包括SiC,TiC内层,SiC,TiC中间层以及SiC+TiC复合外层。利用场发射扫描电镜和X射线衍射对其表面和断面的结构进行研究。结果显示:和TiC内层相比较,SiC内层较厚而且致密,具多孔结构且和C/C复合材料结合紧密;TiC内层较薄且和C/C复合材料结合松散。制备的SiC+TiC复合外层由SiC,TiC和Ti3SiC2组成。     

Oxidation and erosion resistance of multi-layer SiC nanowires reinforced SiC coating prepared by CVD on C/C composites in static and aerodynamic oxidation environments

A multi-layer SiC nanowires reinforced SiC (SiCnws-SiC) coating was prepared in-situ on carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by three chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. The microstructure and phase composition of the nanowires fabricated on the first-layer SiCnws-SiC coating and the coatings were examined by SEM, TEM, and XRD. The bamboo-like SiC nanowires with a 50?nm diameter and a length of several tens of micrometers are straight, randomly orientated and distributed like a net on the first-layer SiCnws-SiC coating. The growth direction is [111], and the growth mechanism is VS. The multi-layer SiCnws-SiC coating has three layers: the thickness of the first-layer is roughly 400?µm, and the outer two layers are about 200?µm. Each layer has a sandwich structure. The isothermal oxidation and erosion resistance of the multi-layer SiCnws-SiC coating were investigated in an electrical furnace and a high temperature wind tunnel. The results indicated that the weight loss of the multi-layer SiCnws-SiC coated C/C composites was only 1.8% after oxidation in static air at 1773?K for 361?h. Further, the coated sample failed due to fracture of the coating at the clamping position (i.e. 80?mm) after erosion at 1873?K for 130?h in the wind tunnel. The weight loss of the coated C/C composites occurred due to the formation of penetrating cracks in the coating during the oxidation thermal shock. The maximum bending moment and the larger clamping force caused the coating fracture and resulted in intense oxidation of the substrate and the failure of the specimen.     

包埋法制备碳/碳复合材料碳化硅涂层缺陷的形成机制及控制

用包埋法在碳/碳(C/C)复合材料表面制备了碳化硅(SiC)涂层及改性涂层.用扫描电镜观察涂层的微观形貌.从理论上探讨了涂层缺陷的形成机制,分析了改性剂对SiC涂层形貌、晶粒尺寸的影响.结果表明:添加改性剂后,涂层晶粒变小,涂层致密,表面未出现裂纹,断面孔洞的数量减少,尺寸减小.在1 773K的抗氧化性比未添加改性剂涂层的显著提高.     

C/C复合材料的高温抗氧化研究进展

以设计思路的发展演化为线索,结合国内外近年的研究报道,从选材的性能要求、组成、抗氧化机理、成功范例及制备工艺的角度出发,分别对抗氧化涂层技术以及抗氧化基体改性技术进行了介绍。特别选取了近年在碳／碳复合材料抗氧化研究中报道较少的制备技术进行详细介绍,其中包括涂层技术中的超临界态流体工艺、溶胶－凝胶法、熔浆法、PACVD法以及基体改性技术的快速致密化工艺。这一领域内的中外研究也进行了对比,并在文章最后提出了对于碳／碳复合材料高温氧化保护研究方向的一些看法。     

Oxidation and erosion resistance of MoSi2-CrSi2-Si/SiC coated C/C composites in static and aerodynamic oxidation environment

A MoSi₂-CrSi₂-Si multi-composition coating was prepared on the surface of SiC coated carbon/carbon (C/C) composites by pack cementation in argon. The crystalline structure of the multi-composition coating was measured by X-ray diffraction. The morphology and element distribution were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. The isothermal oxidation and erosion resistance of the multi-layer coating were investigated in electrical furnace and high temperature wind tunnel, respectively. These results indicated that the weight loss of the coated C/C composites was only 0.8% after oxidation in air at 1873 K for 500 h, and the sample was fractured after erosion at 1873 K for 32 h in wind tunnel. The weight loss of the coated C/C composites was considered due to the excessive depletion of the outer coating and the appearance of defects in the coating. The mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient between the multi-layer coating and C/C composites caused excessive local stress and resulted in the fracture of the coated C/C composites.     

碳/碳复合材料SiC-HfSi_2抗烧蚀复合涂层(英文)

为改善碳/碳(C/C)复合材料的抗烧蚀性能,采用包埋技术在C/C复合材料表面制备了碳化硅-硅化铪(SiC-HfSi2)抗烧蚀复合涂层。采用氧乙炔火焰烧蚀试验评价了C/C复合材料样品的抗烧蚀性能。通过扫描电镜观察、能谱分析及X射线衍射分析研究了烧蚀前后C/C复合材料抗烧蚀涂层的表面和断面形貌、元素分布和相组成。结果表明:涂层C/C复合材料在烧蚀后其表面出现了丛生的氧化硅纳米线。同时,与未涂层C/C复合材料相比,SiC-HfSi2涂层使C/C复合材料的质量烧蚀率下降了85.6%。     

Mullite-Al2O3-SiC oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon composites

In order to exploit the unique high temperature mechanical properties of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, a new type of oxidation protective coating has been produced by a two-step pack cementation technique in an argon atmosphere. XRD analysis showed that the internal coating obtained from the first step was a gradient SiC layer that acts as a buffer layer, and the multi-layer coating formed in the second step was an Al₂O₃-mullite layer. It was found that the as-received coating characterized by excellent thermal shock resistance on the surface of C/C composites during exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere at 1873 K, could effectively protect the C/C composites from oxidation for 45 h. The failure of the coating is due to the formation of bubble holes on the coating surface.     

固渗+EB-PVD法制备炭/炭复合材料防氧化复合涂层研究

制备出了SiC/SiC-Al2O3-Y2O3炭/炭复合材料防氧化复合涂层,该复合涂层的内层SiC基涂层采用料浆固渗法制备,SiC-Al2O3-Y2O3外层涂层采用大功率电子束物理气相沉积法。研究表明,电子束物理气相沉积法能达到较好的沉积效果,在制备过程中形成了柱状晶结构的涂层,使得涂层具有更高的应变容限,涂层非常均匀致密。用SEM、XPS和EDS等分析方法分析了涂层的防氧化机理。结果表明:在制备过程和氧化过程中,涂层内会发生复杂的物理和化学变化,生成硅酸盐氧化物,显示出电子束物理气相沉积法在制备炭/炭复合材料防氧化涂层方面独特的优势。     

Mullite whisker toughened mullite coating to enhance the thermal shock resistance of SiC pre-coated carbon/carbon composites

In order to improve the thermal shock resistance of the coated carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, a mullite whisker toughened mullite coating was fabricated on the surface of SiC pre-coated C/C composites (SiC-C/C) by molten-salt method with a later hot dipping process. The phase compositions, surface and cross-section microstructures, high temperature thermal shock resistance of the as-prepared multi-layer coatings were investigated. Results show that the introduction of mullite whiskers can effectively improve the density of the mullite outer coating and decrease the cracking of the coating during the thermal shock cycle process. After 100 times thermal shock cycles between 1773 K and room temperature, only 1.87 × 10⁻³ g cm⁻² weight loss has been detected, indicating the achievement of the excellent thermal shock resistance.     

碳/碳复合材料SiC–HfSi_2–TaSi_2抗烧蚀复合涂层

采用包埋技术在碳纤维增强碳(carbon fiber reinforced carbon,C/C)复合材料表面制备了碳化硅-硅化铪-硅化钽(SiC-HfSi2-TaSi2)抗烧蚀复合涂层.采用氧已炔火焰烧蚀试验评价了. C/C复合材料样品的抗烧蚀性能.通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察及能谱分析研究了SiC-HfSi-TaSi2作为 C/C复合材料抗烧蚀涂层的表面和断面相组成、元素分布及形貌.结果表明:由于烧蚀过程中生成的Hf02,Ta205具有高温稳定性,使得该涂层表现 出良好的抗烧蚀性能,在3 000℃下烧蚀20s后,线烧蚀率为0.009 mm/s,质量烧蚀率为0.003 85 g/s.     

炭/炭复合刹车材料的防氧化技术研究进展

从炭／炭复合材料氧化特点、抗氧化要求出发，综述了基体改性技术和涂层技术，对炭／炭复合材料防氧化研究进展进行了详细的介绍，提出了对其高温抗氧化研究方向的一些观点。