集成光学干涉仪光纤陀螺

简述了集成光学干涉仪光纤陀螺（ＦＯＧ）的技术优势、发展概况和采用的技术途径，介绍了适用于不同技术条件要求的三种多功能集成光学芯片结构和相应的信息处理方法。简要地概括了目前国外ＦＯＧ的发展水平。     

Integrated optics based on organo-mineral materials

New technologies based on organic–inorganic materials are shown to be very flexible, while they present interesting performance. The process needs only four steps, and the local refractive index change necessary to guide the light may be imprinted with a simple UV exposure. Several solutions are given to design basic structure of guides and hence to make optical circuits which cover the domain of power splitters to wavelength division multiplexers, including directional couplers, gratings, etc. Optical amplification is also shown to be possible, and the connection problem is tackled.     

Integrated polarization diversity front end optics

The integration of a polarization-diversity receiver front-end suitable for balanced detection has been realized by the hybrid combination of a 3-dB directional coupler and a thin-film polarization beam splitter (PBS) fabricated on silica-based waveguides. Insertion losses, excluding the intrinsic loss of the coupler, were 1 and 1.2 dB for TE- and TM-polarizations, respectively. The polarization cross talk was less than -23 dB     

Integrated optics processing: uses of an EDTA etch solution

A new processing step with important implications in LiNbO3 waveguide device fabrication is reported. The combination of an EDTA solution and photomasking is used to etch titanium and form novel waveguide structures allowing local control of the propagation constant and optical mode profile. Several applications are discussed.     

Integrated optics approach for advanced semiconductor lasers

Recent advances in the field of semiconductor integrated optics are reviewed from the point of view of monolithic integration of semiconductor lasers and other optical components and/or devices. Emphasis is placed on dynamic-single-mode (DSM) lasers, such as DFB and DBR lasers, intended for highly stable single-wavelength light sources for such monolithic integration. The realization of high-performance DSM lasers and the fabrication techniques of monolithically integrated optical devices and circuits are briefly reviewed. A variety of potential applications is discussed.     

Integrated optics waveguide modulator based on surface plasmonresonance

A modulator with micron dimensions, capable of optical modulation and switching in an integrated waveguide, is proposed. The proposed modulator uses surface plasmon resonance and an electro-optic polymer to modulate light which is guided in an integrated waveguide. Theoretical analysis of the modulator is presented for wavelengths of light in the visible and near infrared. Design criteria and dimensions of the modulator are discussed     

Integrated optics components and devices using periodic structures

The selected research activities on integrated optics components and devices using periodic structures are reviewed, with emphasis on the authors' works employing the electron-beam writing technique. The periodic structures include static gratings and dynamic ones produced through acoustooptic (AO) and electrooptic (EO) effects. They provide a variety of passive functions and effective means for guided-wave control. The review is made from the integration point of view, including the most recent results. First, the theoretical fundamentals are outlined and the electron-beam writing techniques, including the writing system, are discussed. Next, passive components (grating deflectors, filters, lenses, couplers, etc.) and elements for guided-wave controlling and detecting (AO and EO grating elements and photodetectors) are described. Then, integrated optic devices, i.e., wavelength demultiplexers, RF spectrum analyzers, optical disk pickup, etc., are presented. Finally, the possibility of future applications is discussed.     

Integrated optics N*N multiplexer on silicon

The authors report the measured performance of an integrated N*N multiplexer fabricated using SiO/sub 2//Si waveguides. The insertion loss for N=7 was typically lower than 2.5 dB, and crosstalk was less than -25 dB. The multiplexer response is approximately periodic. In each period the multiplexer accepts, from each input waveguide, a total of N channels, and it efficiently transmits each channel to a particular output port. Similarly, each output port receives N channels, one from each input port. Thus, the total number of channels that can be transmitted simultaneously is N/sup 2/, which requires N optical frequencies.<>     

Tunable laser optics: Applications to optics and quantum optics

Optics originally developed for tunable organic dye lasers have found applications in other areas of optics, laser optics, and quantum optics. Here, the salient aspects of the physics related to the cavity linewidth equation and the effects of intracavity beam expansion and intracavity dispersion on this equation are reviewed. Additionally, the generalized multiple-prism dispersion equation is applied to direct-vision prisms, also known as Amici prisms, to calculate dispersion configurations of practical interest. Then, the higher derivatives of the multiple-prism dispersion equation applicable to laser pulse compression are considered. From this perspective, a new compact and generalized equation for higher-order phase derivatives is introduced for the first time. Furthermore, it is shown how the N-slit interferometric equation, derived from quantum principles using Dirac's notation, gives rise to generalized versions of the diffraction grating equation and the law of refraction. The nexus between the N-slit interferometric equation and the cavity linewidth equation is also illustrated. Finally, various optical and quantum optical applications that have benefited from these developments are highlighted.     

Integrated optics in LiNbO3: recent developments indevices for telecommunications

Recent progress in lithium niobate based integrated optics is reviewed, emphasizing applications in the telecommunications area. Prospects for systems applications are discussed     

Integrated optics 4*4 switch matrix with digital optical switches

Reports on the first 4*4 switch matrix with digital optical switches as switch elements. The matrix is arranged in a tree structure, and comprises 24 switch elements and is pigtailed and packaged.<>     

Integrated optics eight-port 90° hybrid on LiNbO3

The design, fabrication, and characterization of an integrated optical eight-port 90° hybrid in LiNbO₃ are discussed. The hybrid is realized as a bridge circuit comprising four directional couplers and two phase shifters, each of the devices being electrooptically tunable. The electrodes are fabricated as combined indium-tin-oxide/gold multilayers. The component provides the desired phase pattern of the intermediate frequency. Measurements on the phase stability of the integrated bridge show phase fluctuations of <±5° and a temperature drift of ≈15°/°C. Both may be eliminated by a phase control loop     

二元光学元件——微透镜

介绍了二元光学的产生和发展,着重阐述了二元光学元件之一的微透镜的设计、制作和测试方法以及它们的主要应用。     

Integrated optics 90° hybrid on LiNbO3 for phasediversity receivers

Present an integrated optic eight-port 90° hybrid on LiNbO₃ comprising four tunable directional couplers and two phase shifters for adjusting the phases between the output ports. Measurements on the phase stability show phase fluctuations of <±5° and a temperature dependence of ≈15°/°C