应用马尔可夫随机场的金属疲劳断口条带分割

研究了金属疲劳断口图像的分割问题,提出了一种基于马尔可夫随机场（MRF）的金属疲劳断口图像的条带分割方法。由于疲劳断口图像中的纹理记录了整个断裂过程中的受力情况,通过对疲劳断口的条带纹理进行分析可以反演断裂的过程,因此研究疲劳断口图像的分割可以对失效分析有重要的科学价值。文中构造了图像的马尔可夫随机场模型,并且提出了一种基于该模型的图像分割算法。马尔可夫随机场模型是一种描述图像结构的概率模型,能够充分利用图像的空间相关信息,能够实现对低信噪比的金属疲劳断口图像进行条带分割。结果表明算法具有收敛速度快、稳健性好等优点。     

基于小波与高斯Markov随机场组合的轮廓纹理分割

为综合多尺度纹理模型和高斯型Markov随机场纹理模型各自的优点，本文提出了组合这两种模型的方法，Mallat的经验法、高斯型Markov随机场纹理模型和组合方法的对比实验表明，当纹理结构包含微结构时，组合方法分割纹理轮廓的性能最好、     

基于非下采样Brushlet和马尔可夫随机场的图像分割

针对传统小波域马尔可夫随机场图像分割算法的纹理图像分割能力的不足,提出一种将非下采样Brushlet变换和马尔可夫随机场相结合的纹理图像分割方法。用非下采样Brushlet变换作为图像分割的特征场,有效地提取纹理图像中的高维奇异信息;利用高斯马尔可夫模型提取特征场的参数,考察图像中的光谱信息以及像素点的空间相关性对分割结果的影响。实验表明,本文算法可以有效地实现纹理图像分割,在检测纹理方向信息和区域一致性上较传统算法有较大的提高。     

基于简化随机场模型的高分辨率遥感影像分割方法

提出了一种灰度分割的基础上添加辅助的纹理分割的基于简化随机场模型的遥感影像目标分割方法,即用常用的描述局部图像特点的特征代替MRF中定义的特征,将这些特征组合成特征向量进行模糊C均值聚类完成分割。给出了算法流程和实验结果,并将该结果与基于高斯马尔可夫随机场模型法分割的结果进行比较,实验结果表明简化随机场模型法在保证一定的分割精度的情况下,分割速度明显快于高斯马尔可夫随机场模型法。     

图像分割中的马尔可夫随机场方法综述

马尔可夫随机场方法是图像分割中一个极为活跃的研究方向。本文介绍了基于马尔可夫随机场模型的一般理论与图像的关系,给出它在图像分割中的通用框架:包括空域和小波域图像模型的建立、最优准则的选取、标号数的确定、图像模型参数的估计和图像分割的实现,评述了其在图像分割中的应用,展望其发展的方向。     

后验概率估计及其应用:基于核Logistic回归的方法

提出一种基于特征矢量集的核Logistic回归方法,解决核Logistic回归的解的稀疏性问题,降低后验概率估计的计算复杂度.该方法与Markov随机场方法相结合,应用到图像分割中.在Bayes公式中,对样本条件概率的估计转换为对核Logistic回归方法的后验概率的估计,从而提出一种新的Markov随机场模型的实现方法,在对纹理图像的分割实验中得到良好效果.     

基于小波域高斯-马尔可夫随机场的纹理分割

提出了一种基于小波域高斯—马尔可夫随机场(GMRF)模型的无监督纹理图像分割算法。该算法首先利用纹理的小波特性并结合模糊C—均值聚类方法完成纹理在最小分辨率层的初始分类,接着逐层应用同步进行参数估计和像素标签的近似最大后验分割算法,得到原始图像的第一次完整分割。为了进一步提高分割效果,对每个像素邻域内的标签作统计,利用最大值原则,从而获得满意的分割结果。实验证明此算法与基于高斯金字塔GMRF模型的算法相比,分割结果有了很大的提高。     

基于视觉注意的遥感图像森林植被纹理分割

树冠作为遥感图像森林植被的典型纹理单元,具有突出的结构纹理特征,但现有分割方法较少利用此类结构纹理进行分割。为此,提出一种基于视觉注意机制的遥感图像森林植被纹理分割方法。将遥感图像中树冠的形状和结构作为视觉注意目标,通过纹理滤波增强树冠纹理,使用特定的多尺度树冠显著图圆盘(SID)模型标记树冠,并将各个多尺度树冠SID作为种子,设计改进的区域生长方法分割森林植被区域。实验结果表明,该方法能够准确标记多数典型树冠,有效提高森林植被区域的分割精度。     

基于非下采样Contourlet和MRF的纹理图像分割

提出了一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)和马尔科夫随机场(MRF)相结合的纹理图像分割算法.算法包括两个步骤,首先通过NSCT实现对图像纹理特征的提取,并使用模糊C-均值完成对图像的初始分割;然后将初始分割结果用 MRF模型表示,通过贝叶斯置信传播得到图像的最终分割结果.实验结果表明,对于纹理图像,该方法在分割错误率、区域一致性以及边缘的准确性方面都比传统小波变换的方法有了明显的改善.     

应用遥感影像纹理特征提取线性体的马尔柯夫随机场模型

分析了遥感影像纹理的统计特征,利用马尔柯夫随机场能够合理地描述图像纹理的随机特征,建立了纹理特征马尔柯夫随机场模型,并且对该模型在提取线性体方面作了初步探讨。研究表明该方法在遥感图像线性体信息提取方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

基于线性化核标签融合的脑MR图像分割方法

深层脑结构的形态变化和神经退行性疾病相关, 对脑MR图像中的深层脑结构分割有助于分析各结构的形态变化.多图谱融合方法利用图谱图像中的先验信息, 为脑结构分割提供了一种有效的方法.大部分现有多图谱融合方法仅以灰度值作为特征, 然而深层脑结构灰度分布之间重叠的部分较多, 且边缘不明显.为克服上述问题, 本文提出一种基于线性化核多图谱融合的脑MR图像分割方法.首先, 结合纹理与灰度双重特征, 形成增强特征用于更好地表达脑结构信息.其次, 引入核方法, 通过高维映射捕获原始空间中特征的非线性结构, 增强数据间的判别性和线性相似性.最后, 利用Nystr?m方法, 对高维核矩阵进行估计, 通过特征值分解计算虚样本, 并在核标签融合过程中利用虚样本替代高维样本, 大大降低了核标签融合的计算复杂度.在三个公开数据集上的实验结果表明, 本文方法在较少的时间消耗内, 提高了分割精度.     

Adaptive texture and color segmentation for tracking moving objects

Color segmentation is a very popular technique for real-time object tracking. However, even with adaptive color segmentation schemes, under varying environmental conditions in video sequences, the tracking tends to be unreliable. To overcome this problem, many multiple cue fusion techniques have been suggested. One of the cues that complements color nicely is texture. However, texture segmentation has not been used for object tracking mainly because of the computational complexity of texture segmentation. This paper presents a formulation for fusing texture and color in a manner that makes the segmentation reliable while keeping the computational cost low, with the goal of real-time target tracking. An autobinomial Gibbs Markov random field is used for modeling the texture and a 2D Gaussian distribution is used for modeling the color. This allows a probabilistic fusion of the texture and color cues and for adapting both the texture and color over time for target tracking. Experiments with both static images and dynamic image sequences establish the feasibility of the proposed approach.     

Preserving boundaries for image texture segmentation using grey level co-occurring probabilities

Texture analysis has been used extensively in the computer-assisted interpretation of digital imagery. A popular texture feature extraction approach is the grey level co-occurrence probability (GLCP) method. Most investigations consider the use of the GLCP texture features for classification purposes only, and do not address segmentation performance. Specifically, for segmentation, the pixels in an image located near texture boundaries have a tendency to be misclassified. Boundary preservation when using the GLCP texture features for image segmentation is important. An advancement which exploits spatial relationships has been implemented. The generated features are referred to as weighted GLCP (WGLCP) texture features. In addition, an investigation for selecting suitable GLCP parameters for improved boundary preservation is presented. From the tests, WGLCP features provide improved boundary preservation and segmentation accuracy at a computational cost. As well, the GLCP correlation statistical parameter should not be used when segmenting images with high contrast texture boundaries.     

Segmentation of psoriasis vulgaris images using multiresolution-based orthogonal subspace techniques.

In this paper, a method is proposed for the segmentation of color images using a multiresolution-based signature subspace classifier (MSSC) with application to psoriasis images. The essential techniques consist of feature extraction and image segmentation (classification) methods. In this approach, the fuzzy texture spectrum and the two-dimensional fuzzy color histogram in the hue-saturation space are first adopted as the feature vector to locate homogeneous regions in the image. Then these regions are used to compute the signature matrices for the orthogonal subspace classifier to obtain a more accurate segmentation. To reduce the computational requirement, the MSSC has been developed. In the experiments, the method is quantitatively evaluated by using a similarity function and compared with the well-known LS-SVM method. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively segment psoriasis images. The proposed approach can also be applied to general color texture segmentation applications.     

Multispectral textured image segmentation using a multi-resolution fuzzy Markov random field model on variable scales in the wavelet domain

This article proposes a new multispectral image texture segmentation algorithm using a multi-resolution fuzzy Markov random field model for a variable scale in the wavelet domain. The algorithm considers multi-scalar information in both vertical and lateral directions. The feature field of the scalable wavelet coefficients is modelled, combining with the fuzzy label field describing the spatially constrained correlations between neighbourhood features to achieve a more accurate parameter estimation. The extended scalable label field models the label data from different scales to obtain more homogeneous areas; image segmentation results are finally obtained according to the Bayesian rule from a coarser to a finer scale. Multispectral texture images and remote-sensing images are used to test the effectiveness of the the proposed method. Segmentation results show that the new method simultaneously presents a better performance in achieving the homogeneity of the region and accuracy of detected boundaries compared with existing image segmentation algorithms.     

基于层次MRF的MR图像分割

核磁共振图像(MRI)的定量分析在神经疾病的早期治疗中有很重要作用.提出了一种基于层次Markov随机场模型的MRI图像分割新方法.在高层次的标记图象中采用了混合模型,即区域的内部用各向同性均匀MRF来建模,边界用各向异性非均匀MRF来建模.所以方向性被引入到边界信息中,这样可以更准确的表达标记图象的特性;在低层次的像素图像中,不同区域中像素的灰度分布用不同的高斯纹理来描述.分割问题可以被转换成一种最大后验概率估计问题.采用基于直方图的DAEM算法来估计SNFM参数的全局最优值;并基于MRF先验参数的实际意义,提出一种近似的方法来简化这些参数的估计,实验显示该方法能获得更好的结果.     

基于排列组合熵和灰度特征的纹理分割

提出了一种基于排列组合熵和灰度特征的纹理分割方法。该方法将不同方向上的排列组合熵与灰度均值、灰度方差结合起来构成一个多维特征向量,利用模糊C均值聚类算法进行聚类实现纹理图像的分割。实验结果表明该方法对纹理分布均匀的图像有着良好的分割效果。在保持较高纹理分割精度的前提下,该方法能减小计算复杂度,并且具有较强的鲁棒性和抗噪声能力。     

多相图像分割Vese-Chan模型连续最大流方法

目的 多相图像分割是图像处理与分析的重要问题,变分图像分割的Vese-Chan模型是多相图像分割的基本模型,由于该模型使用较少的标签函数构造区域划分的特征函数,具有求解规模小的优点。图割（graph cut,GC）算法可将上述能量泛函的极值问题转化为最小割/最大流问题求解,大大提高了计算效率。连续最大流（continuous max-flow,CMF）方法是经典GC算法的连续化表达,不仅具备GC算法的高效性,且克服了经典GC算法由于离散导致的精度下降问题。本文提出基于凸松弛的多相图像分割Vese-Chan模型的连续最大流方法。方法 根据划分区域编号的二进制表示构造两类特征函数,将多相图像分割转化为多个交替优化的两相图像分割问题。引入对偶变量将Vese-Chan模型转化为与最小割问题相对应的连续最大流问题,并引入Lagrange乘子设计交替方向乘子方法（alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM）,将能量泛函的优化问题转化为一系列简单的子优化问题。结果 对灰度图像和彩色图像进行数值实验,从分割效果看,本文方法对于医学图像、遥感图像等复杂图像的分割效果更加精确,对分割对象和背景更好地分离;从分割效率看,本文方法减少了迭代次数和运算时间。在使用2个标签函数的分割实验中,本文方法运算时间加速比分别为6.35%、10.75%、12.39%和7.83%;在使用3个标签函数的分割实验中,运算时间加速比分别为12.32%、15.45%和14.04%;在使用4个标签函数的分割实验中,运算时间加速比分别为16.69%和20.07%。结论 本文提出的多相图像分割Vese-Chan模型的连续最大流方法优化了分割效果,减少了迭代次数,从而提高了计算效率。     

Turbo segmentation of textured images

We consider the problem of semi-supervised segmentation of textured images. Existing model-based approaches model the intensity field of textured images as a Gauss-Markov random field to take into account the local spatial dependencies between the pixels. Classical Bayesian segmentation consists of also modeling the label field as a Markov random field to ensure that neighboring pixels correspond to the same texture class with high probability. Well-known relaxation techniques are available which find the optimal label field with respect to the maximum a posteriori or the maximum posterior mode criterion. But, these techniques are usually computationally intensive because they require a large number of iterations to converge. In this paper, we propose a new Bayesian framework by modeling two-dimensional textured images as the concatenation of two one-dimensional hidden Markov autoregressive models for the lines and the columns, respectively. A segmentation algorithm, which is similar to turbo decoding in the context of error-correcting codes, is obtained based on a factor graph approach. The proposed method estimates the unknown parameters using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm.