鹿岛炼钢厂非稳态板坯生产采用的先进技术

１前言近年来人们对连铸板坯的质量要求越来越高，从另一方面来说，用户对钢材的各种要求使连铸连浇炉数难以增加，结果，非稳态铸坯量增加了。众所周知，非稳态铸坯的质量比稳态浇铸期间浇铸的板坯质量差，因此，非稳定铸坯已经满足不了严格的技术要求了，因为其内部含有...     

影响IF钢连浇炉数的因素及改进措施

分析影响柳钢150 t转炉炼钢系统生产IF钢连浇炉数的因素:(1)因工艺不成熟和工艺操作事故引起浇铸过程中包上水口结瘤;(2)生产组织的不稳定;(3)钢包温降不稳定。介绍采取的优化工艺提高操作水平、加强生产组织管理、降低钢包温降等措施,使平均连浇炉数超过8炉。     

高等级齿轮钢夹杂物控制技术研究

非钙处理齿轮钢钢中夹杂物主要是高熔点夹杂物,在连铸过程容易堵塞水口,导致连浇炉数偏低,成品容易出现大型B类夹杂物。通过优化合金种类及加入方式、精炼炉渣成分、VD真空处理及中间包保护浇铸,连浇炉数由不超过2炉提高到6炉,成品B类夹杂物由3. 0级以上降低至0. 5级以内。     

多晶硅浇铸炉问世

近日，由常州华盛天龙机械有限公司依托清华大学项目技术研制生产的光伏多晶硅浇铸设备“DZF260型多晶硅浇铸炉”问世，该产品质量达到了国际先进水平。     

钙处理工艺在邯钢连铸中的应用

为了改善浇铸性能和提高钢水质量,向钢中加入适量的钙,使其形成液态的铝酸钙并从钢水中上浮吸附,提高了连铸浇次炉数、钢水质量。     

圆盘浇铸机清洁浇铸铜阳极板

浇铸机是铜冶炼企业的重要工艺设备，浇铸机的作用就是将阳极炉的高温熔融铜水浇铸成符合电解标准的铜阳极板。常规圆盘浇铸机由定量浇铸系统、圆盘驱动系统、喷淋喷涂系统、废模处理系统、水槽驱动系统、顶板取板系统等六大子系统组成。不需喷涂脱模剂的浇铸，属于清洁浇铸。大冶铜冶炼企业，创新思路，利用现有圆盘浇铸机，选用特制的新型铸铁模，采取加大喷淋冷却强度、改进喷淋冷却方式、控制铜水浇铸温度等配套措施，在取消脱模剂喷涂系统的情况下，成功实现了不需喷涂脱模剂的清洁浇铸。     

江铜建安研制出圆盘浇铸机

由江西铜业集团公司建安公司经过近 2年的时间研制的倾动护圆盘浇铸机 ,近日进入了现场安装阶段。圆盘浇铸机和倾动炉是倾动炉车间生产的两套主要设备 ,杂铜经倾动炉精炼后 ,再由圆盘浇铸机自动浇铸成符合要求的阳极铜板。圆盘浇铸机是集多学科、专业、技术于一体的高新技术产品 ,研制难度大 ,国际上只有芬兰等极少数厂家生产 ,国内尚无厂家。此次建安公司首次自行研制圆盘浇铸机 ,不是简单地“复制”一、二期的圆盘浇铸机 ,而是吸收其精华 ,产品性能优于二期使用的M - 2 8圆盘浇铸机 ,标志着建安公司具备了研制世界先进水平圆盘浇铸机的能…     

多道浇铸法生产高碳锰铁时凝固过程的有限元研究

以多道浇铸为特征的浇铸床生产高碳锰铁为对象,使用大型凝固有限元计算软件Procast对八道次浇铸条件下各层铁合金的凝固行为进行了模拟研究。结果表明:各层铁合金的凝固均先从与铸型接触界面开始向中间进行,底面凝固较与空气接触的表面快;各浇次铁合金凝固行为有显著差别,计算得出第一层、第四层和第八层铁合金各自总凝固达到7%的时间分别为689 s,680 s,368 s,完全凝固时间分别为3 899 s,2 789 s,1 796 s;新浇铸铁合金凝固过程中会影响到已浇铸铁合金层温度,铁合金层间距离越远,热量传递要经过的铁合金层数越多,传递时间越长,影响越小;第一层铁合金中心点温度在八道浇铸中随时间的变化,第二炉和第三炉有显著影响,第四炉、第五炉和第六炉有一定影响,第七炉和第八炉影响很小。     

连铸保护浇铸研究与控制

针对采用整体水口浇铸的方坯连铸机保护浇铸控制情况进行了调研,发现主要是头炉钢水在开浇时发生了较为严重的二次氧化,连浇炉保护浇铸控制较好.在此基础上,从中间包密封的角度对头炉保护浇铸进行了优化;通过对中间包包盖密封进行优化,以及吹氩方式的优化等,头炉钢水浇铸时钢水增氮量得到了明显降低.     

连铸保护浇铸研究与控制

针对采用整体水口浇铸的方坯连铸机保护浇铸控制情况进行了调研,发现主要是头炉钢水在开浇时发生了较为严重的二次氧化,连浇炉保护浇铸控制较好.在此基础上,从中间包密封的角度对头炉保护浇铸进行了优化;通过对中间包包盖密封进行优化,以及吹氩方式的优化等,头炉钢水浇铸时钢水增氮量得到了明显降低.     

临钢实现连铸坯热送热装的探讨

探讨了在山西新临钢钢铁有限公司实现连铸坯热送热装工艺的必要性和可能性，提出了实现热送热装工艺的技术方案，并指出了推广实施熟送热装技术应重视的几项工作。     

实用新型热轧钢管连铸圆坯热装系统介绍

实用新型热轧钢管连铸圆坯热装系统取得国家专利。该系统要点是炼钢、连铸系统和轧管机系统集成为一体,1对1匹配,以轧管机产能为基准组织生产;步进式预热炉和高温炉以及回转热锯机,对连铸圆坯加热和锯定尺;生产过程计算机和生产管理计算机控制系统;总图布置紧凑,物流畅通。热装比可达75%～80%,热装温度可达650～800℃;节能减排、降低投资、提高金属收得率等效果。     

考虑铸轧协调的炼钢-连铸-热轧一体化生产计划

 炼钢-连铸-热轧生产计划编制是一个多目标、多约束的复杂组合优化问题。从有利于多工序生产组织的角度,提出了一种可分工序独立编制工序计划,并且按铸轧衔接关系进行系统协调的一体化生产计划编制方法。即首先以铸坯作为热轧与炼钢-连铸不同工序生产阶段统一的生产计划对象,并将炼钢、连铸与热轧的生产目标和约束进行归类抽象,使得炼钢炉次计划、连铸浇次计划和热轧单元计划的制定模型具有内在的逻辑相关性;以缩小铸轧时间差作为铸轧界面衔接关系的协调控制目标,来优化连铸与热轧之间的生产衔接,进而获得一体化生产计划。采用某钢厂的生产订单数据和生产计划目标、约束条件,通过模型仿真计算与生产实绩数据的对比检验了该一体化生产计划编制方法的有效性。     

影响连铸连轧法生产电工用铝杆质量因素分析

根据连铸连轧生产电工级铝杆时常见的质量问题，通过熔化，连铸，连 轧，收线等工序，从化学成分，温度，速度3个方面，分析了影响因素和发生原因，提出了改进措施。     

Die thermal behavior in machine casting of partially solid high temperature alloys

Experimental measurements and computer simulations of die thermal behavior during machine (die) casting of fully liquid and partially solid bronze alloy 905 were carried out. Ingots of the alloy were heated to temperatures above the liquidus and in the liquidsolid range in a reheat furnace. The partially solidified charge was previously made in a continuous slurry producer. Castings were made in both a low pressure laboratory machine and a high pressure commercial die casting machine. In both casting machines used, the maximum die temperature and the initial rate of temperature change in the die, at ∼0.014 in. from the casting-die interface, were significantly lower when a partially solid charge material was used. For example, measured die temperatures in the high pressure commercial machine were 475°C and 165°C above the initial die temperature when the bronze alloy was cast in the 100°C superheated state and the partially solid (volume fraction solid ∼0.57) state, respectively. Correlation of computer predictions and measured die temperatures have been used to calculate values of the heat transfer coefficient at the casting-die interface. Using these values, the maximum die surface temperature and die surface temperature gradients are calculated. The values of maximum surface temperature obtained are 800°C and 315°C for a superheated (100°C) liquid charge and a partially solid (volume fraction solid ∼0.57) charge, respectively. The corresponding surface temperature gradients are 5640°C/cm and 718°C/cm, respectively. The reduced thermal shock experienced by the die when a partially solid metal alloy is cast should improve die life considerably over conventional practice. Formerly Graduate Student at M.I.T.     

转炉炼钢降低铁水消耗的实践

通过增加废钢量(采用稳定铁水质量、铁水包废钢预热、炼钢用煤补热、用二次燃烧氧枪、提高废钢重料比等措施),减少钢铁料消耗(靠完善生产组织、改进冶炼和浇铸工艺、提高连浇炉数、减少回炉钢等)和实行承包管理,使措施得以落实,从而实现降低铁水消耗。     

Influence Factors of SEN Clogging of Rare-Earth Steel Continuous Casting and Solve Ideas of Japanese Steel Enterprises

The clogging behavior of submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is the main reason restricting the continuous casting of steel, which seriously affects the application and popularization of rare-earth (RE) steel. Through literature analysis, herein, the main influencing factors and mechanism of RE steel continuous casting immersion outlet clogging, and sorts out the main ideas and practices of relevant Japanese enterprises in solving SEN clogging in recent years, are summarized, mainly including the following: 1) optimizing SEN materials to reduce nozzle clogging reactions; 2) using Ar-blowing SEN; 3) applying electromagnetic field to eliminate charge and inhibiting clogging reaction; and 4) and regulating the composition of molten steel to reduce the possibility of clogging, etc. The combination of these advantages and measures is a feasible way to solve the nozzle clogging of RE steel continuous casting nozzle.     

Steel ladle exchange models during steelmaking and continuous casting process

The models and influencing factors of steel ladles exchange during the steelmaking and continuous casting process of H steel plant were investigated.Based on analysis of the operation process and turnover time of steel ladles, relationship models for the turnover number, turnover rate, continuous casting number, number of ladles with additional turnover, and number of ladles without additional turnover were built.The turnover rules of steel ladles for one basic oxygen furnace (BOF) matching one continuous caster (CC) and two BOFs matching two CCs modes were simulated by using a Gantt chart.The models of steel ladle exchange were proposed for casting of a single CC and overlapping casting of two CCs.By analyzing the influencing factors, the following conclusions were drawn.The exchange ladle should not have the task of transporting liquid steel in the CC that stops casting earli-er.The end time of the empty ladle in the CC that stops casting earlier should be earlier than the start time of the full ladle in the CC that stops casting later.After evaluating the factors influencing the start casting time, turnover cycle, casting time, continuous casting number, and overlapping time, a prioritization scheme of steel ladle exchange was proposed based on the steel grade.First, the turn-over cycle and single heat casting time were determined; based on these, a reasonable ladle turnover number was calculated.Second, the turnover number and continuous casting number were optimized for maximizing the number of ladles without additional turnover.Lastly, to reduce the casting number during the overlapping time to be lower than the turnover number, the overlapping time was shortened.     

考虑传搁能耗的304不锈钢电炉冶炼流程最优连浇炉数计算方法

分析了304不锈钢电炉冶炼流程的传搁时间和传搁过程温降情况,建立各个工序冶炼温度制度与连浇炉数的关系,得知已有温度制度下的连浇炉数仅为2炉,并以6炉连浇为例给出不同连浇炉数情况下温度制度.通过计算流程中传搁能耗,讨论了连浇炉数与浇次总传搁能耗和平均传搁能耗的关系.提出了一种考虑传搁能耗确定最优连浇炉数的方法.对比发现,当增加连浇炉数的传搁能耗小于开浇一次耗材消耗的能耗时,最大连浇炉数为最为合理的连浇炉数.      

电炉CSP流程综合成材率分析

综合成材率是冶金企业一个重要的技术经济指标,它反映了一个企业生产过程的材料利用程度和生产管理水平.本文对影响CSP短流程成材率的各个因素进行分析,包括连浇炉数、连铸漏钢与开浇失败等事故、轧机事故、大包中包注余、非正常终浇比例等,并分析了实际生产中影响成材率的各种情况,提出了提高电炉CSP短流程成材率的措施.