Z112H系列烃类蒸汽一段转化催化剂

系统介绍了Z112H系列烃类一段转化催化剂的质量指标、使用条件及性能,并提出Z112H系列一段转化催化剂的使用建议。     

预转化Z103PH型催化剂在大型合成氨装置上的应用

对Z103PH型催化剂在锦天化公司合成氨装置首次工业应用情况进行总结，认为该催化剂可以推广应用。     

Z112Y系一段转化催化剂应用小结

0前言我公司合成氨装置从原始开车到现在,一段转化炉共用了6炉催化剂:第一炉为ICI57-3和ICI46-9,第二炉为Z-111和Z-107,第三炉为ICI57-3和ICI46-9,第四炉为Z-111-6和CN-16混装,第五炉为Z-111和CN-16,第六炉为Z112Y系催化剂。Z112Y系催化剂是川化股份有限公司催化剂厂生产的一段     

Z412W/Z413W型催化剂在大型合成氨装置工业应用

对Z412W/Z413W新型催化剂在齐鲁石化公司第二化肥厂合成氨装置一段炉首次工业应用情况进行总结,认为该催化剂可以在大型合成氨装置推广应用。     

Z102型转化催化剂性能研究及质量改进试验

一、概述 Z_(102)型转化催化剂是我国六十年代开发成功,七十年代初投入工业使用的天然气蒸汽转化催化剂,至今已沿用了近20年。该催化剂低温活性好,特别适用于间歇转化流程,但也存在着不耐高温,易粉化,使用寿命短的问题,本试验用热分析技术、高温耐热、化学分析等手段对Z_(102)的原料、半成     

Z112多孔球形催化剂在布郎流程一段转化中的使用

评述Ｚ１１２多孔球形转化催化布朗工艺一段转化中的适应性;并通过川天华大型合成氨装置一段炉的使用实例加以证实。     

Z417/Z418型催化剂在焦化富气制氢中的应用

介绍了Z417/Z418型转化催化剂在焦化富气制氢装置中的使用情况。结果表明,该催化剂对原料的适应性较强,使用空速高,转化率高, 床层阻力降小, 抗蒸汽水合氧化能力、抗毒物能力和抗积炭能力较强, 催化剂可还原再生, 烧炭速率快。     

Z402/Z405G高抗炭性烃类蒸汽转化催化剂的性能和工业应用

介绍了高抗炭性烃类蒸汽转化催化剂Z402/Z405G的抗炭机理、催化性能、还原条件及使用方法,并报道了其工业应用实例。     

Oxidative Reforming of Bio-Ethanol Over CuNiZnAl Mixed Oxide Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen (H₂) is expected to become an important fuel for the future to be used as an energy carrier in automobiles and electric power plants. A promising route for H₂ production involves catalytic reforming of a suitable primary fuel such as methanol or ethanol. Since ethanol is a renewable raw material and can be cheaply produced by the fermentation of biomass, the ethanol reforming for H₂ production is beneficial to the environment. In the present study, the steam reforming of ethanol in the presence of added O₂, which in the present study is referred to as oxidative steam reforming of ethanol (OSRE), was performed for the first time over a series of CuNiZnAl mixed oxide catalysts derived from layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursors. The effects of Cu/Ni ratio, temperature, O₂/ethanol ratio, contact time, CO co-feed and substitution of Cu/Ni by Co were investigated systematically in order to understand the influence of these parameters on the catalytic performance. An ethanol conversion close to 100% was noticed at 300 °C over all the catalysts. The Cu-rich catalysts favor the dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. The addition of Ni was found to favor the C–C bond rupture, producing CO, CO₂ and CH₄. Depending upon the reaction condition, a H₂ yield between 2.5 and 3.5 moles per mole of ethanol converted was obtained. A CoNi-based catalyst exhibited better catalytic performance with lower selectivity of undesirable byproducts, namely CH₃CHO, CH₄ and CO.     

预还原型氨合成催化剂的特性及使用

研究了预还原型氨合成催化剂的有关特性,提出了该类催化剂应有适当厚度的氧化层保护膜,催化剂在使用中应注意用N2或其它惰性气保护、避开热源、禁止与湿气接触。     

High-Performance Bimetallic Catalysts for Low-Temperature Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane

Catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a promising way for renewable syngas production due to the utilization of both CO₂ and CH₄ greenhouse gases. Current approaches were made to improve the catalytic activity and coke resistance by introducing a second metal into the Ni-based catalytic system. This bimetallic catalytic system showed a significant improvement in coke resistance due to the synergistic effect of both metals towards the reaction. This review summarizes recent developments in bimetallic catalysts in DRM which focused on the evaluation of catalysts, deactivation studies, and reaction mechanisms of developed bimetallic catalysts.     

Ni Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Nanocrystalline Magnesium Silicate in Dry and Steam Reforming Reactions

Mesoporous nanocrystalline MgSiO₃ with high surface area was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and employed as support in dry and steam reforming of methane. Ni/MgSiO₃ catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method and characterized by different techniques. N₂ adsorption analysis indicated that addition of nickel shifted the pore size distributions to smaller sizes. Temperature‐programmed reduction analysis revealed that a higher nickel loading enhanced the reducibility of the catalyst. The catalytic performance was improved with increasing the nickel content. The Ni/MgSiO₃ catalyst exhibited high stability in dry reforming but methane conversion declined with time‐on‐stream in the steam reforming reaction. Temperature‐programmed oxidation profiles of spent catalysts indicated that the high amount of carbon deposited on the catalyst surface in dry and steam reforming was assigned to whisker‐type carbon.     

Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol Over Supported Platinum Catalysts

Aqueous-phase reforming of 10 wt% ethylene glycol solutions was studied at temperatures of 483 and 498 K over Pt-black and Pt supported on TiO₂, Al₂O₃, carbon, SiO₂, SiO₂-Al₂O₃, ZrO₂, CeO₂, and ZnO. High activity for the production of H₂ by aqueous-phase reforming was observed over Pt-black and over Pt supported on TiO₂, carbon, and Al₂O₃ (i.e., turnover frequencies near 8-15 min^-1 at 498 K); moderate catalytic activity for the production of hydrogen is demonstrated by Pt supported on SiO₂-Al₂O₃ and ZrO₂ (turnover frequencies near 5 min^-1); and lower catalytic activity is exhibited by Pt supported on CeO₂, ZnO, and SiO₂ (H₂ turnover frequencies lower than about 2 min^-1). Pt supported on Al₂O₃, and to a lesser extent ZrO₂, exhibits high selectivity for production of H₂ and CO₂ from aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol. In contrast, Pt supported on carbon, TiO₂, SiO₂-Al₂O₃ and Pt-black produce measurable amounts of gaseous alkanes and liquid-phase compounds that would lead to alkanes at higher conversions (e.g., ethanol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde). The total rate of formation of these byproducts is about 1-3 min^-1 at 498 K. An important bifunctional route for the formation of liquid-phase alkane-precursor compounds over less selective catalysts involves dehydration reactions on the catalyst support (or in the aqueous reforming solution) followed by hydrogenation reactions on Pt.     

Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane with Pt Catalysts Using Microwave Dielectric Heating

Microwave heating was applied to the catalytic reforming reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over platinum catalysts. It was found that CO₂ and CH₄ conversions and the product selectivity (H₂/CO) were generally higher under microwave conditions than that obtained with conventional heating at the same measured temperature. The effect of microwave heating was attributed to the formation of hot spots with higher temperature than that measured in the bulk catalyst bed.     

A Comparative Study of Hydroxyapatite- and Alumina-Based Catalysts in Dry Reforming of Methane

The dry reforming of methane over hydroxyapatite- and alumina/magnesia (commercial Pural MG 30)-supported nickel catalysts was investigated. The catalytic performance of the catalysts prepared with fresh supports highly depended on the basicity, the metal-support interaction, and the metal particle size. Calcination of the supports at 1200 °C for 5 h made the catalysts less active because of specific surface area reduction and basicity destruction. However, this treatment allowed avoiding any further catalyst deactivation by thermal sintering and maintained excellent catalytic stability over 300 h of time-on-stream. These tests under simulated industrial conditions (high contact time and long time-on-stream) showed the competitiveness of the prepared catalysts in this important catalytic process.     

HA202Q和HA310Q型氨合成催化剂在增效反应器中的使用总结

介绍HA202Q、HA310Q型氨合成催化剂在增效反应器中的装填和升温还原以及生产运行情况。实践证明，这2种型号的催化剂在低温活性、阻力降、机械强度方面完全能够满足增效反应器的要求。     

Effect of Supports and Promoters on the Performance of Ni-Based Catalysts in Ethanol Steam Reforming

Ethanol steam reforming (ESR) is one of the potential processes to convert ethanol into valuable products. Hydrogen produced from ESR is considered as green energy for the future and can be an excellent alternative to fossil fuels with the aim of mitigating the greenhouse gas effect. The ESR process has been well studied, using transition metals as catalysts coupled with both acidic and basic oxides as supports. Among various reported transition metals, Ni is an inexpensive material with activity comparable to that of noble metals, showing promising ethanol conversion and hydrogen yields. Additionally, different promoters and supports were utilized to enhance the hydrogen yield and the catalyst stability. This review summarizes and discusses the influences of the supports and promoters of Ni-based catalysts on the ESR process.     

液氨在1#制氢装置转化催化剂还原中的应用

介绍了武汉分公司采用注液氨的方法对1#制氢装置的转化催化剂进行还原开工,并对还原后的数据进行分析。结果表明,转化催化剂还原后活性较好;该方法成熟可靠,对中变催化剂及其它化剂无不良影响,能够解决制氢装置开工无氢源的问题。