Nd2Fe14B晶粒取向程度对磁畴运动及磁性的影响规律

本文采用Ｂｉｔｅｒ粉纹法研究并讨论了Ｎｄ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ晶粒取向程度对磁化、反磁化过程中磁畴运动及对磁体磁性的影响。研究结果表明，磁中性状态的Ｎｄ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ晶粒的磁畴畴壁与磁体成型磁场方向的夹角α越大，则在充磁过程中越难以变成单畴，在退磁过程中越容易形成反磁化畴。磁体中α≠０°的晶粒较多时，会使磁体的Ｍ－Ｈ曲线方形度降低，剩余磁化强度、磁能积减小。     

纳米复合磁体的界面结构、交换耦合和反磁化的研究进展

纳米复合磁体的磁能积能得到大幅度提高,前提是晶粒之间存在良好的交换耦合作用,而交换耦合作用与软、硬磁相之间的界面密切相关。对Nd_2Fe_(14)B、Sm-Co、FePt基纳米复合磁体界面交换耦合和反磁化的研究展开论述。在不同的条件下,界面结构的匹配性、界面原子扩散、晶间的非晶相、界面非磁性层、界面晶格弛豫等可能有利于改善界面的结构、增强交换耦合作用,进而对反磁化过程产生影响。反磁化的不可逆过程主要发生在硬磁相内,但与软、硬磁相界面特性密切相关。不可逆反磁化在一定程度上决定了磁体的矫顽力,它可通过改善界面结构进行调控。本文旨在对纳米复合磁体界面的作用深入理解并期望能对磁体磁性能的优化提供参考。     

放电等离子烧结NdFeB磁体的磁化特征

利用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备烧结钕铁硼磁体SPS NdFeB。为了更好地理解SPS Nd-FeB磁体的磁硬化机理,利用振动样品磁强计研究了SPS NdFeB磁体在室温下的磁化和反磁化过程。结果表明,在强度为800kA/m的较低外加磁场和强度为1760kA/m的较高外加磁场下的磁化特征明显不同,前者可称为形核控制模式,后者则为钉扎控制模式。比较样品的磁化过程和反磁化过程的曲线,发现样品的矫顽力大小等于样品磁化过程钉扎场的大小。     

钕铁硼永磁合金的晶粒相互作用和矫顽力

钕铁硼永磁合金的矫顽力由单个晶粒的矫顽力和晶粒之间的相互作用决定。晶粒的矫顽力及其相互作用与晶粒取向有关。按照不同的矫顽力机制,晶粒的矫顽力及其角度关系有不同的表达式。晶粒相互作用可分为长程静磁相互作用和近邻晶粒的交换耦合相互作用。烧结磁体的交换作用影响很小,静磁相互作用影响较大,使晶粒混乱取向磁体的矫矫顽力大于晶粒理想取向磁体的矫顽力。综合考虑单个晶粒的矫顽力和不同取向晶粒之间的相互作用的影响。     

各向异性热压稀土永磁体的热变形机制及微磁结构研究

重点研究制备工艺对各向异性热压稀土永磁体性能的影响,探讨了热压永磁体的热变形机理和数学描述模型,并尝试从微磁结构的角度研究各向异性纳米晶Nd-Fe-B磁体,揭示纳米晶粒之间的静磁和交换耦合相互作用、磁化和反磁化、热退磁等微观机制。获得了最佳磁性能为:Hcj=1 157 kA/m,Br=1.465 T,(BH)max=426 kJ/m3纳米晶Nd-Fe-B磁体。     

热压热变形纳米晶钕铁硼磁体微观结构研究(英文)

利用MQ-C快淬粉末并结合热压热变形技术制得致密的各向异性纳米晶Nd-Fe-B磁体,并研究了磁体磁性能及微观结构的变化。结果表明,热变形后磁体呈现较强的c轴取向,磁体磁性能大幅增大;快淬磁粉颗粒在热压过程中沿压力方向规则堆垛,而热变形后,粉末颗粒形状与晶粒变化趋势相同,呈现沿垂直于压力方向拉长;热变形后,磁体中仍有大量未取向的超大颗粒存在,能谱分析表明其Nd含量要高于周围取向晶粒。     

HDDR法制备各向异性Nd-Fe-Co-B-A1系永磁磁粉的磁性能与磁粉结构

研究了添加微量元素Al对HDDR工艺制备各向异性Nd-Fe-Co-B-Al系永磁磁粉的磁性能和磁粉结构的影响.其结果表明Al的加入可以显著地提高材料的矫顽力和最大磁能积.使磁体获得高矫顽力的原因是添加元素Al可以细化晶粒,还能使反磁化畴难以形核.添加Al有"结构记忆"(Structure Memory)效应,有利于制备各向异性的磁粉.     

烧结钕铁硼饱和磁化行为研究

为了明确烧结钕铁硼磁体在磁中性和具有磁化历史状态下所需最低饱和磁化场强度与其内秉矫顽力或饱和磁极化强度的关系,选取了三种烧结钕铁硼磁体,在磁中性和有磁化历史两种初始状态下,分别在不同大小的磁场强度下对磁体进行充磁,得出了开磁路下的磁偶极矩和闭磁路下的退磁曲线.结果表明:对于磁中性状态磁体,只需要Hs=2Js/μ0的磁化场就可以将磁体饱和磁化;对于有磁化历史的磁体,则需要Hs=3Js/μ0的磁化场才能实现饱和磁化.     

烧结NdFeB磁体的晶粒取向和矫顽力的角度关系

本文研究了烧结ＮｄＦｅＢ磁体的晶粒取向矣矫顽力的影响和矫顽力的角度关系，结果表明：晶粒的混乱取向使矫顽力上升而不是下降，矫顽力的发动场理论比成核机制和钉扎机制与实验结果符合更好。     

温度及变形速率对单级热变形Nd-Fe-B磁体磁性能的影响

对经冷压处理的Nd-Fe-B磁粉直接进行热变形从而制得各向异性致密磁体,并研究了变形温度及变形速率对磁体密度、各向异性、磁性能及微观结构的影响.结果表明,当变形温度过低或变形速率过高时,单级热变形后磁体不易致密,且硬磁相晶粒的c轴取向度较低,因此磁体磁性能较低;而当变形温度过高或变形速率过低时,尽管磁体较为致密,磁体取向度也较高,但易出现晶粒异常长大,从而降低磁体磁性能.以适中的变形温度和变形速率热变形后,磁体具有最佳的磁性能.当变形温度为700℃及变形速率为0.1mm/s时,单级热变形磁体最大磁能积(BH)m达232kJ/m3.     

Demagnetization Process and Coercivity for Anisotropic HDDR NdFeB Bonded Magnets

Research Notes1. IlltroductionThe NdFeB magnetic powders produced by theHDDR (hydrogenat ion- deco mp os it ion- desorp t ionrecombination) process commonly are magneticallyisotropic. Takeshita[1] and MatzingerI2] et al. pointedout that the addition of a little Zr, Ga can inducemagnetic anisotropy for HDDR Nd(Fe,Co)B powders. In this paper, the dependence of the remanentpolarization Jr, the intrinsic coercivity jH.= and themagnetic inductive coercivity l,Hc for HDDR NdFeCoBGa bond…     

Tuning magnetic properties,thermal stability and microstructure of NdFeB magnets with diffusing Pr-Zn films

Grain boundary diffusion process(GBDP) serves as a promising approach in improving magnetic properties and thermal stability of Nd FeB permanent magnets. Herein, non-heavy rare earth Pr-Zn films deposited on the magnet surface using DC-magnetron sputtering system are reported. The thermal stability and coercivity enhancement mechanism of Pr-Zn GBDP magnets were investigated. Results show that the coercivity of Pr-Zn GBDP magnet increases from 963.96 kA m~(-1) to 1317.14 kA m~(-1) without any remanence reduction. Notably, the demagnetization curve of Pr-Zn GBDP magnet still remains a high squareness ratio. The temperature coefficient of coercivity and anti-demagnetization ability of Pr-Zn GBDP magnet under high temperatures are improved after GBDP treatment. The well-optimized rare earth-rich(RE-rich) grain boundary phases and high effective anisotropy field of(Nd,RE)2 Fe14 B magnetic hardening layers surrounding main grains are the key factors to impact the magnetic properties and thermal stability of Nd FeB permanent magnets via GBDP treatment.     

Bulk Nanocrystalline SmCo6.6Nb0.4 Sintered Magnet With TbCu7-Type Structure Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

We prepared bulk nanocrystalline SmCo_6.6Nb_0.4 sintered magnet material by spark plasma sintering technique. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the magnet exhibits a stable TbCu₇ structure. Transmission electron microscopy indicates that the microstructure of the magnet is composed of SmCo_6.6Nb_0.4 single-phase grains with an average grain size of 30 nm. Magnetic measurement shows that under a 7 T magnetic field, the coercivity of the magnet reaches as high as 2.8 T; the saturation magnetization and the remanence are 69.6 and 51.4 emu/g, respectively. The magnet exhibits good thermal stability with the coercivity of 0.48 T at 773 K, and the coercivity temperature coefficient beta of -0.169%/K.     

Matrix effect in soft metal-bonded samarium-cobalt (SmCo5) permanent magnets

This paper discusses the preparation of samarium-cobalt (SmCo₅) alloy powders by reduction-diffusion process. These powders were blended with equal weight percentages of soft metal/alloy powders, such as indium, tin and solder alloy (Pb-17Sn), to prepare bonded magnets. Important magnetic properties such as remanence, coercivity and energy product of these magnets were measured. Effect of matrix metal/alloy on the magnetic properties of processed magnets is outlined.     

Intergrain Interaction, Coercivity and Henkel Plot for NdFeB Magnets

For both sintered and nanocomposite NdFeB magnets, deltaM(H) of the Henkel plot increases from zero, and reaches a peak, then decreases and changes to the negative values with increasing applied field. This shows that the intergrain interaction changes from the exchange-coup ling type into the magnetostatic interaction type. The magnetic field corresponding to the peak of deltaM(H) is slightly smaller than the coercivity of magnet. The peak of deltaM(H) for aligned sintered magnet is greater than that for misaligned magnet. deltaM(H) peak of the nanocomposite NdFeB magnets increases with decreasing grain sizes. It indicates that the effect of alignment field on the properties of magnet is similar to that of exchange-coupling interaction.     

NdFeB/酚醛树脂原位复合材料研究

采用原位聚合法制备了NdFeB/酚醛树脂(PF)母料,并进一步制备了粘结磁体.采用红外分析了NdFeB/PF母料的结构,并用多种方法对粘结磁体的磁性能和力学性能进行了研究.研究表明:在原位制备过程中,PF的聚合倾向于在NdFeB的表面进行,形成PF包覆的NdFeB,NdFeB磁粉进入了PF的生成体系,形成了海岛结构.比较三种工艺制备的磁体综合性能可知,采用NdFeB/PF母料粉料作粘结剂制备的磁体的综合性能最好.     

高性能的尼龙1010 粘结NdFeB 永磁材料的制备

研究热塑性树脂尼龙1010 作粘结剂制备高密度粘结N dFeB 永磁材料的工艺及其对粘结 永磁性能的影响。结果表明: 快淬N dFeB 磁粉的表面状态、混炼工艺及热压成型温度、压力及时间 明显影响着尼龙1010 粘结N dFeB 永磁的性能。只有经抗氧化处理的快淬N dFeB 永磁粉, 在双辊 混炼机上, 当尼龙1010 处于半熔融状态时, 在适当短的时间混合均匀后, 才可热压制成高密度的 粘结N dFeB 永磁材料。      

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured Pr0.75 Y 0.25Co5 Powders Obtained by Mechanical Milling and Subsequent Annealing

Pr_0.75 Y _0.25Co₅-based as-cast alloys were processed by high-energy ball milling to obtain nanostructured powders with high coercivity. The powders obtained after 4 h of milling exhibited nearly amorphous behavior in X-ray diffraction patterns. DSC scans of the as-milled powders indicated a process of crystallization by broad, exothermic transition peak at 503 °C. Annealing of the milled powders at 850 °C for 2.5 min in high vacuum produced fine grains of size ranging 15–30 nm with optimal microstructure and hard magnetic properties. Magnetic measurements of the annealed powders evaluated a high intrinsic coercivity, _i H _c of 9.3 kOe, and a remanence ratio, M _r/ M _max of 0.72. The magnetic hardening was attributed to higher anisotropy field of the powders and microstructural uniformity achieved by the processing methodologies.     

块状纳米晶Sm2Co17烧结磁体的研究

采用高能球磨和放电等离子烧结技术制备了致密纳米晶Sm2Co17烧结磁体,研究了粉末和烧结磁体的结构和磁性能.球磨粉末在低温退火(<1023K)时,主相为TbCu7结构;高温退火(>1023K)时,主相为Th2Zn17结构.退火温度从923K增加到1223K,粉末的矫顽力从0.99T下降到0.12T.烧结磁体也具有TbCu7结构,磁体平均晶粒尺寸约为35nm.室温时磁体的剩磁为0.65T,矫顽力达0.87T.烧结磁体具有较好的高温性能,573K时的剩磁为0.6T,矫顽力为0.32T.