秦山核电二期工程一号机组反应堆首次启动物理试验的预分析

叙述了秦山核电二期工程一号机组反应堆首次启动物理试验理论分析模型、程序和计算结果与测量值的比较.结果表明,理论预计值与实测结果符合良好.     

红沿河核电厂1号机组首次18个月换料启动物理试验分析

红沿河核电厂1号机组首次实施了18个月换料后启动物理试验。结果表明:18个月换料理论预计值与实测结果符合良好,验证了堆芯换料设计的准确性。将18个月换料与年度换料启动物理试验结果进行了比较,指出18个月换料后堆芯特性的变化并进行了分析。     

红沿河核电厂2号机组首循环寿期中启动物理试验结果分析

因电网调峰能力不足,红沿河核电厂2号机组首循环运行过程中,于2014年1~3月进行了卸料不换料停机检修,再启动阶段进行了临界、零功率和升功率物理试验,验证了循环寿期中反应堆重要堆芯设计参数。该文叙述了红沿河2号机组反应堆首循环寿期中卸料不换料后启动物理试验理论计算与现场试验,验证了寿期中启动物理试验理论计算值与实测结果的符合程度,分析了反应堆相关参数在寿期初与寿期中随燃耗变化特性。试验结果表明,理论预计值与实测结果符合良好,偏差满足验收准则。     

秦山重水反应堆医用钴调节棒首次更换后的物理验证试验

为生产医用60Co同位素,首批医用59Co调节棒在秦山第三核电厂一号机组109大修期间更换入堆芯。为验证新换入的医用钴调节棒是否满足设计要求,并确保换入新调节棒后的反应堆运行于安全状态,组织实施了一系列物理验证试验,包括调节棒价值测量、堆芯通量监测等。通过验证,最终结果符合要求。经过上述试验,确认新调节棒性能与原调节棒相当,换入新调节棒后的堆芯通量分布和功率分布均符合要求,反应堆运行于安全状态。     

秦山核电厂反应堆控制棒价值和硼价值测量试验

本文系统地介绍了秦山核电厂反应堆控制棒组价值和硼价值在首次物理启动中的测量试验。简要介绍了测量方法、仪器装置、试验经过、实测结果和误差分析。试验结果表明:测量值与理论计算值符合得很好,达到了验收准则的要求。     

北方某核电厂升功率物理试验优化的论证及实施

在核电厂反应堆换料后提升堆芯功率的物理试验中,在不同的功率平台氙浓度的分布需要等待24h才能稳定。随着软件的升级,已经可以计算氙毒未稳定情况下的理论数据库。本文采用SCIENCE软件对不同功率平台不同运行时间间隔的通量图试验结果进行模拟计算,理论分析表明,机组在功率平台稳定6h进行物理试验是满足安全要求的。根据该电厂1号机组第4循环首次启动物理试验的结果进行分析比较,得出结论:在不同的功率平台,堆芯连续稳定运行6h后,进行通量图测量试验是可行的。     

核电厂堆芯物理试验功率亏损和功率系数项目的探讨

核电厂首次临界和后续燃料循环都需要进行一系列的试验,其中包括堆芯物理试验,目的是验证堆芯设计计算的正确性。国内压水堆核电厂物理试验由于堆型差异,存在多种堆芯物理试验管理文件。目前,国家核安全局（NNSA）的审评参照法国体系,将堆芯物理试验的文件（堆芯物理试验监督要求GORX）作为最终安全分析报告（FSAR）技术规格书的...     

压水堆零功率装置上的堆物理和物理启动模拟试验

本文研究了围板对堆芯中子经济的影响，通过不同厚度的零功率反应堆物理实验，验证了理论预计的结果。介绍了秦山核电厂物理启动模拟试验，验证了方案的可行性，安全性，并为物理启动方案的深化提供了价值的依据。     

秦山核电厂冷却剂温度系数测量试验的校核计算

本文介绍了秦山核电厂反应堆堆芯冷却剂温度系数测量试验的理论校核计算工作。该校核计算工作具有较好的精确度，最后的计算结果与测量值符合良好，满足工程要求，可以作为反应堆启动、运行的指导和参考。     

秦山核电站物理启动试验

介绍了秦山核电公司300MW压水堆核电站首次物理启动试验,包括首次临界和低功率物理试验。测试项目包括临界硼浓度,控制棒价值,硼价值,功率分布,慢化剂温度系数,最小停堆硼浓度,弹棒束价值等。试验结果表明,各项参数满足了堆芯设计和安全上的要求。     

Need for and requirements for a neutron irradiation facility for fusion materials testing

The construction and operation of an intense 14-MeV neutron source is essential for the development and eventual qualification of structural materials for a fusion reactor demonstration plant (DEMO). Because of the time required for materials development and the scale-up of materials to commercial production, a decision to build a neutron source should precede engineering design activities for a DEMO by at least 20 years. The characteristic features of 14-MeV neutron damage are summarized including effects related to cascade structure, transmutation production, and dose rate. The importance of a 14-MeV neutron source for addressing fundamental radiation damage issues, alloy development activities, and the development of an engineering database is discussed. For these considerations, the basic requirements and machine parameters are derived.     

Criteria for Optimizing Technical Solutions for NPP

Atomic Energy - Criteria for optimizing technical solutions in designing and modernizing NPP are considered. Based on their analysis, it is shown that it is economically efficient to increase the...     

Experimental Results for an Acoustic Driver for MTF

General Fusion is planning to form an FRC or spheromak of 10¹⁷ cm⁻³, 100 eV, 40 cm diameter by merging two spheromaks with reverse or co-helicity. This target will be further compressed in a 3 m diameter tank filled with liquid PbLi with the plasma in the center. The tank is surrounded with pneumatically powered impact pistons that will send a convergent shock wave in the liquid to compress the plasma to 10²⁰ cm⁻³, 10 keV, 4 cm diameter for 7 μs. General Fusion has built a 500 kJ, 80 μs, 6 GW pneumatic impact piston capable of developing 2 GPa (300 kpsi). In this paper we will present the performances achieved to date.     

地震工况下设备土建载荷的计算方法

在设备抗震分析中,设备对基础的作用力是土建设计时所需的重要参数。本文根据不同的工程实例,给出2种设备在地震工况下土建载荷的计算方法,即简便方法和谱分析计算中的刚性区域法,并给出了算例。     

AC—600非能动安全特性分析

AC-600概念设计的研究重点包括堆芯、非能动安全系统及简化系统。本文讨论 AC-600自然循环能力、LOCA 或全厂断电期间,非能动安全系统的性能,也初步讨论了 AC-600对过剩反应性及热工水力瞬态的非能动限制。     

New code for digital imaging system for track measurements

A code for the numerical analysis of images from a CCD camera, including correction of acquisition system defects, has been written and applied to the visualization of α-particle tracks in the solid state nuclear track detectors CR39 and LR115. A standard mask having different diameter holes permitted the calibration of the imaging system. Comparison of manual scanning results with those given by the automatic system are presented for detectors exposed to α-particles of ²⁴¹Am source. As application, the system was used to measure specific activities of ²³⁸U in the Moroccan phosphates and their phosphogypsums samples by contact autoradiography.     

Principles for Finding Matrices for Immobilizing High-Level Wastes

The principles for selecting matrices for immobilizing high-level wastes are examined. It is concluded that actinides should be separated and embeeded in the matrix separately from fission products. The minimum significant specific activity, regulated by NRB-99, cannot be used to estimate the storage time. It is suggested that such values be established as a function of the leach rate of radionuclides and matrix materials from matrices. For this, a standard leaching method using pulverized materials must be specified. Two criteria are proposed for comparing matrix materials.     

Software for gamma cameras for mapping radioactive contamination

The software for portable systems for obtaining γ image with coding apertures (masks) is described. The software developed controls all systems that form an image and obtain shadow patterns, reconstructs the initial γ-image, and processes previously obtained images. The software is used with portable systems in which URA and MURA type masks with different rank are used as the coding aperture. Programs for modeling the process of obtaining shadow patterns using real apparatus which has different positionsensitive detectors are described. Possible configurations of new apparatus which could be of practical interest are examined.