从有线电视的发展浅谈调制技术

以调制技术为主线，介绍有线电视系统中模拟调制技术、光调制技术和数字调制技术的基本原理。随着有线电视的快速发展，调制技术正在经历电到光、模拟到数字的不断发展和全面融合的过程。     

HDTV中几种数字调制技术的频谱分析

高清晰度电视（HDTV）传输系统中常采用频谱利用率高、抗千扰能力强的现代高速数字调制技术，如QPSK、QAM及OFDM等。本文对这些调制技术的功率谱特性及其频谱利用率进行了数学分析，得出了相应的结论。     

自适应调制编码的VBLAST系统研究

在高速下行分组接入（HSDPA）中,采用自适应调制编码（AMC）技术能提高下行信道传输数据的能力。仿真信道编码采用Turbo码,将自适应调制编码技术应用于VBLAST系统以进一步提高系统性能和容量。因此系统能选择调制编码方式和信道编码方式,又能对抗衰落引起的突发错误。对该系统进行仿真表明：自适应调制编码的VBLAST系统能有效地提高数据传输效率和传输质量。     

自适应调制编码的VBLAST系统研究

在高速下行分组接入(HSDPA)中,采用自适应调制编码(AMC)技术能提高下行信道传输数据的能力.文章信道编码采用Turbo码,将自适应调制编码技术应用于VBLAST系统以进一步提高系统性能和容量.因此系统能选择调制编码方式和信道编码方式,又能对抗衰落引起的突发错误.对该系统进行仿真分析表明:自适应调制编码的VBLAS...     

适应超高速光通信系统的PM-MSK调制方案

先进的调制技术可以有效地改善光通信系统抵御色散、偏振模和非线性等损伤的能力,是超高速光通信系统中的重要技术。MSK(最小频移键控)是一种恒包络调制技术,具有色散容限较大和能量集中等优点,文章将MSK调制引入PM(偏振复用)系统,提出了一种适应于超高速光通信系统的PM-MSK调制方案。理论分析和数值仿真结果表明,该方案与RZ(归零)和QPSK(正交频移键控)方案相比,具有更好的误码率性能。     

采用同心旋转调制盘的红外检测系统

介绍了采用同心旋转调制盘和相应的逻辑门积分计数的积累检测技术的基本原理，并给出采用同心旋转调制盘的红外检测系统的基本结构，介绍了同心旋转调制盘系统的设计方法，通过对实验结果进行分析，表明同心旋转调制盘技术在红外检测系统应用中可以大大地改善系统的性能，提高了探测概率，降低了虚警概率。同时分析了该系统存在的问题，为红外检测技术的进一步发展提供一些经验。     

RoF系统中多维多阶调制技术的研究进展

近年来，光载无线通信(RoF)技术已经成为宽带光通信接入网络领域的研究热点，备受业界关注。该技术充分利用了光纤传输的海量带宽和无线通信灵活覆盖的应用优势。在RoF技术的演进发展过程中，多维多阶调制方式能提升系统频带利用率和降低信号收发成本，因此具有重要的科研意义和实用价值。文章综述了传统幅度调制、典型多维多阶调制和若干代表性新型多维多阶调制技术的研究进展，并对RoF系统中多维多阶调制技术的应用前景进行了简略分析。     

光接入网中DWMT调制技术的研究

研究了光纤－电缆调制解调器接入技术的上行信道调制方式，分析了离散小波多音（DWMT）调制与其它调制方式相比所具有的特点和优势，提出了DWMT调制解调器的实现模型，设计了使用DWMT调制解调器的光纤－电缆调制解调器双向传输的系统方案；并对DWMT调制的系统特性进行了计算机仿真分析。仿真结果表明，DWMT调制是一项能有效实用于光纤－电缆调制解调器系统上行信道的技术。     

能有效测试下一代宽带设计的新测试方法

Credence的ASL 3000RF为无线器件的特性化测试带来了强有力的新工具，帮助工程师面对下一代无线器件及应用，包括802．11WLAN标准和5G移动通信服务，在技术上和经济上遇到的挑战。调制S参数以新视角来看器件性能，提供了“真实”复杂的调制信号作为测试条件。该分析方法结合有调制信号能力的网络分析技术使得S参数对于目前的宽带通讯系统更为有用。     

自由空间光通信中的光广义正交空间调制技术

为了提高现有光空间调制系统的频谱效率，提出了一种在同相和正交域同时激活多根发射光学天线分别传输调制信号的实部与虚部的光广义正交空间调制（OGQSM）技术。该技术将调制符号扩展到同相和正交域，使得系统在空间域可以携带更多的比特，从而提高了系统频谱效率和误码性能。采用适用于所有湍流状态的Malaga湍流信道，分析了OGQSM系统在大气湍流、指向误差和路径损耗联合作用下的系统误码性能。蒙特卡罗仿真结果表明：与现有的光空间调制技术相比，所提出的OGQSM技术能够获得更好的频谱效率和误码性能，且接收光学天线数量与系统误码性能存在正相关关系，指向误差和大气湍流强度与系统误码性能存在负相关关系。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks