水库饮用水水源地保护规划编制探讨

依据我国环境保护法规和水环境保护政策。文章分析研究某水库的现状条件和战略地位,明确该水库的功能定位、水源地保护区;按照饮用水保护要求,合理划定各级保护区范围,研究各级保护区内的经济发展、居民生活条件的改善;提出不同时期的空间利用、基础设施建设、水源涵养林建设规划、环境保护规划等,以达到保护水源、发展经济、改善民生的目标。     

丘陵地区大口径输水管线工程若干问题探讨

以罗安达供水工程中DN900输水管线工程为例,对丘陵地区大口径输水管线设计中的管材选择、水锤防护、排气阀设置、管道的稳定等问题进行了探讨,并提出了解决方案,以确保输水管线工程设计经济、合理。     

浅议德令哈东山水源地保护方案及环保对策

通过对青海德令哈市饮用水水源地供水现状及供水前景分析,提出了水源地保护方案、环境保护对策及建议,以期为德令哈市社会经济的快速发展、水资源的可持续利用提供可靠保障。     

Assessment of water quality in the vicinity of peat extraction sites: The case of Pien‐Saimaa,Finland

Peatlands have an important global role as carbon sinks. Locally, however, peat bog extraction can cause pollution in nearby watercourses. The aim of this study is to investigate the application of multivariate methods in the renovation and protection of eutrophic lakes surrounded by agricultural and peat extraction areas. The analytical data used in the study originated from a national water quality database and the period studied was 2000–2013. Multivariate methods: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) were applied to solve interactions of variables and pollution sources in a complex water ecosystem. Leaching from the peat bog area was found to be the main source of iron, which has an important role as a precipitator of phosphorus in loose sediment and in water. Nutrient ratios had no direct correlation to algae blooms, but high ratios indicated an increased likelihood of an upcoming bloom.     

高地下水位含流沙基础开挖支护方案的研究和应用

文章简述了在安哥拉共和国市政工程S？oPedro排水渠沟槽基础开挖施工中，通过对高地下水位、含流砂基础开挖支护的各种方案措施的综合研究，希望对有类似地质情况工程施工方案的研究和选择提供有益参考。     

湖库型饮用水水源地水环境生态管理和保护

通过分析目前我国湖库型饮用水水源地保护中存在的问题,指出存在立法滞后、水源地功能退化、管理水平低下、缺失应急预警机制四个方面的不足,需要因地制宜及时立法、综合运用水体修复技术,同时改革管理思路、提高管理水平、健全应急预警系统。     

水源受污染程度与微生物安全性调查研究

利用基因扩增-梯度变性凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）分子生物学方法对污染程度较轻的XL水库、污染程度中等的LZ湖和污染严重的XZ河等三类水源的微生物群落结构以及微生物安全性进行了调查研究.结果表明,PCR-DGGE方法能够检测出水中的微生物群落,便于准确评价水源的微生物安全性.16S rDNA鉴定表明,水源污染越严重,微生物群落结构越复杂、微生物含量越高、致病菌越多、微生物安全性越低.污染最严重的XZ河存在拟杆菌、假单胞菌、气单胞菌、苍白杆菌和黄色单胞菌等致病菌,LZ湖存在苍白杆菌和黄色单胞菌,XL水库存在可能产生藻毒素的微囊藻.保护水源及防治污染对于提高水源的微生物安全性具有关键作用.     

天然气增压站噪声和振动治理效果分析

基于城市地理信息公共平台,整合水库勘界数据、污染源数据和风险源数据等专题信息,通过数据处理、功能扩展、信息发布等工作,建立饮用水源环境保护服务式GIS,实现水源地基础数据、污染源、监测、监察等信息的浏览、查询、统计和分析,并基于电子标签（RFID）和Android系统平板电脑实现水源地移动监察,为环保局饮用水源环境保护工作的办公和决策提供辅助支持。     

Water-Availability Assessment and Corresponding Public-Health Implications for a Rural Area in Nigeria

This paper presents a case study which describes water-availability problems and corresponding public-health implications for a rural area in Nigeria. A water-availability assessment was carried out in eight villages which are controlled by the Jalingo Local Government of Taraba State. Questionnaires were used to obtain data from sixty households (approximately 650 participants) concerning issues of water-supply sources, water quantity, water quality and community participation in water-resources projects. It was found that (i) community well water is the major source of water, (ii) 35% of the inhabitants depend on well water during the wet season, and (iii) 69% depend on it during the dry season. About 80% of the households have access to less than 30 litres of water per person per day and, because of low water availability, there is a prevalence of water-related diseases.     

Nitrates and bacterial distribution in rural domestic water supplies

The protection of underground water resources in an important facet of the Safe Drinking Water Act. Effective intervention strategy for active source protection requires up-to-date information on ground water quality and the knowledge of potential sources and causes of contamination. In the present study the state of well water supplies in rural East Texas was evaluated in order to develop a practical approach to surveying water sources in ‘back-country’ areas, which would allow the differentiation of natural from anthropogenic factors affecting water quality. The specific focus was on nitrates, their extent, causes and sources in rural well water. Data were processed using synographic mapping which permitted the comparison of the natural tendency in distribution of nitrates with the patterns induced by man's activities. Trend surface analysis of data indicated that the surveyed Tertiary and Quaternary sands were not naturally nitrate-rich. Localized and well-defined spots of nitrates, many times in excess of the background, were traceable to the anthropogenic sources. The study identified the characteristics of high risk wells.     

晋城二期给水工程供水水源的优化利用研究

由于晋城级水工程已不能满足现状及2005年需水量要求,需进行二期给水工程的设计。对晋城主城区二期给水工程可利用的水源－岩溶水,郭壁泉水及二者的关系者了分析,提出了岩溶水资源的优化开采作用,制做了优化模型,寻找出约束条件,并对优化模型进行求解,并从水文地质条件和水资源保护等方面确定了供水水源方案。     

以辽西北供水配套管网工程为例谈长距离输水管线设计要点

由于我国水资源分布不均衡,政府对水源保护要求日益严格,城市开发建设要求零散水源归并,因此长距离输水管道工程较多。以沈阳辽西北供水配套管网工程为例,从工程投资、运行成本和供水安全性出发,对输水管道的管材、管径、防腐措施、水锤防护措施、管道漏损监测措施以及主要附属设施设置进行研究分析。重点阐述长距离输水管线设计要点,可为类似工程提供参考。     

高校节水措施探析

就我国目前人均淡水资源短缺的现状,分析了城市用水大户的学校用水存在的问题,提出了校园节水的一些措施以及开发新水源、提高节水意识等建议.     

超滤技术用于饮用水处理领域案例分析

介绍了超滤技术在饮用水处理领域的应用情况,分别对以地表水和地下水为原水的两座超滤水厂进行分析,讨论了针对不同水源采用不同超滤组合工艺的可行性、超滤工艺的产水稳定性以及超滤相对于常规工艺所具备的优势.对两座超滤水厂制水成本的分析表明,超滤饮用水工艺既具有经济性,又具有很强的竞争力和良好的发展前景.     

The Evolution of Water Resource Development in Northern Ireland

There is no shortage of a basic water resource in Northern Ireland because average rainfall across the province varies from 900 mm to 1100 mm per annum, east to west. However, as elsewhere, there is a constant need to ensure the provision of adequate water sourceworks.
In 1973, the Water Executive of the Department of the Environment for Northern Ireland took over responsibility for the water and sewerage services which were previously controlled by 76 local and district authorities. In some cases, source schemes which had been inherited reflected the parochial nature of the promoters rather than the wider regional approach. Upland impoundments were traditionally favoured and still account for 40% of all sources. Freshwater loughs were also used and Lough Neagh (the largest freshwater lough in the UK) accounts for 27% of all public supplies, with other loughs contributing a further 9%. River intakes at 13% and groundwater and springs at 11% make up the remaining sources.
This paper outlines how water resource developments have evolved in Northern Ireland and describes the approach and recommendations of the study.     

A rapid fuzzy optimisation approach to multiple sources water blending problem in water distribution systems

This paper proposes a Fuzzy Response Surface Optimisation (FRSO) approach for the water blending problem of multiple sources to maintain the water quality in water distribution systems. In the proposed approach, instead of the more precise and complicated nonlinear equations, the response surface models are used to describe the harmful reaction kinetics. The objectives of this study are to minimise the harmful reactions in the water network. A fuzzy linear programming using the min-operator approach is applied to handle the multiple objectives. Due to the FRSO only containing quadratic models, this approach is easy to apply and the optimisation is performed rapidly. Hence, the FRSO can be used to dynamically estimate the optimal blending ratios of water coming from multiple sources. Finally, a case study and two comparisons demonstrate the FRSO's advantages as to computational efficiency and simultaneous optimisation.     

What affects public acceptance of recycled and desalinated water?

This paper identifies factors that are associated with higher levels of public acceptance for recycled and desalinated water. For the first time, a wide range of hypothesized factors, both of socio-demographic and psychographic nature, are included simultaneously. The key results, based on a survey study of about 3000 respondents are that: (1) drivers of the stated likelihood of using desalinated water differ somewhat from drivers of the stated likelihood of using recycled water; (2) positive perceptions of, and knowledge about, the respective water source are key drivers for the stated likelihood of usage; and (3) awareness of water scarcity, as well as prior experience with using water from alternative sources, increases the stated likelihood of use. Practical recommendations for public policy makers, such as key messages to be communicated to the public, are derived.