基于径向基神经网络的变压器故障诊断方法研究

为解决变压器故障诊断难以智能判别问题,提出了一种基于径向基神经网络的变压器故障诊断方法。该方法采用气相色谱检测法,选用高斯函数作为径向基函数,并运用K-means聚类方法求解隐含层节点数据中心初始值,运用伪逆法求解隐含层到输出层权值初始值,运用最小均方误差方法随迭代计算不断自适应更新各个基函数的数据中心及方差、隐含层到输出层权值。仿真结果表明,该方法变压器平均故障诊断准确率为95.6%,并具有较强的容错能力,满足变压器故障诊断要求。     

基于径向基函数无网格配点法求解泊松方程

将径向基函数无网格配点法用于求解泊松方程，此方法无需背景积分网格，是一种真正的无网格法。采用三种不同的径向基函数来求解，讨论了形参取值对求解精度的影响，收敛性也得到了证明，编制相应的计算机程序进行计算，结果精度令人满意。     

基于高阶剪、正变形板理论和径向基函数的MLPG方法进行功能分级厚板分析

采用MLPG和HOSNDPT方法对分级厚弹性板的极小变形进行了分析。两类径向基函数,即二次多项式型和薄板条带型,用于构建试解。在局部域,四阶样条函数被用作重力/测试函数。采用Mori-Tanaka均匀化技术计算了由仅在厚度方向变化的各向同性材料的要素所构成的板的有效模量。对于简单支撑的铝/陶瓷板,计算结果与解析解十分吻合。两对边自由、另两对边简单支撑板的计算结果,与采用有限元方法分析板的三维变形所获得结果具有一致性。对于不同边界条件下,板挠度和应力的分配也进行了分析。研究发现,两种类型的径向基函数均给出了板挠度的精确值,而二次多项式函数给出了比薄板条带函数更为精确的应力值。     

基于神经网络-蒙特卡罗法的隧道初衬可靠度研究

对于功能函数是隐函数的可靠性分析问题,传统的有限元蒙特卡罗法计算量极大。为了克服此缺点,提出了径向基神经网络-有限元蒙特卡罗法(RBF-MCS)。通过样本训练,创建了径向基神经网络模型。利用ANSYS软件中的可靠度分析模块,分析了基本随机变量对隧道初衬轴力的灵敏度大小的顺序。通过此方法和传统的有限元蒙特卡罗法分别计算了大瑶山隧道初衬的轴力和可靠度,并进行了对比分析。基于径向基神经网络-有限元蒙特卡罗法(RBF-MCS)的计算结果与施工实际吻合较好,通过现场观察也没有发现喷层混凝土压裂破坏,可见计算结果是符合实际的。径向基神经网络-有限元蒙特卡罗法比传统有限元蒙特卡罗法更加适合复杂结构的计算,具有更高的效率、精度和适用性。     

不等阶多项式基径向点插值法求解非线性固结问题

引入著名的邓肯-张模型，采用一种新型无单元法——不等阶多项式基径向点插值法，对平面应变下比奥固结问题进行了非线性数值分析。其中，对于位移插值函数，令其多项式基比孔隙水压力的高一阶，而径向基阶数二者相同。计算结果表明，当时间步长、结点分布和数值积分方案都相同时，该法的解与有限元解非常吻合，且精度高于等阶多项式基径向点插值法，并能减少甚至避免计算结果出现的数值涟漪现象。     

基于径向基函数神经网络的高层建筑结构选型

提出了应用径向基函数神经网络进行高层结构体系的选型,它充分运用了神经网络高度的非线性、高度的容错性和鲁棒性、自学习、实时处理等特点.研究表明,径向基函数神经网络运算速度较普通BP算法快103～104倍,并且精度高,可以高效、高质地进行高层建筑结构的选型.     

基于径向基函数响应面法的岩质边坡可靠度分析

岩质边坡中存在多种变异性,需要进行岩质边坡的可靠度分析。将数值分析法与可靠度分析的响应面法相结合,进行了岩质边坡稳定的可靠度分析。利用径向基函数网络(RBFN)的全局适应能力强的特点,在响应面法中,以径向基函数网络为响应面函数,将隐式的功能函数显式化。通过对每个响应面新增一个样本点的方法进行样本点的生成及响应面的迭代,计算表明:基于径向基函数网络的响应面法具有较高的计算精度及效率,可以适用于基本变量数较多的可靠度分析问题;本文的边坡算例中,第2层岩体的强度参数对边坡的可靠指标影响最大,而其他参数对可靠指标的影响则相对较小。     

基于径向基核的多面函数在GPS高程转换中的应用

利用粒子群算法(PSO)对径向基核函数的参数进行优选,结合多面函数对某GPS控制网的高程异常资料进行拟合分析,并与二次曲面拟合的结果进行对比。结果表明优化后的径向基核函数用于多面函数可获取更为精确的高程异常。     

径向基函数配点法分析三维功能梯度材料板的静力和动力问题

传统配点法在求解动力学问题时会存在误差随时间累积的问题,而无网格径向基函数配点法在全域内采用具有无限连续性的径向基函数作为近似函数,结合配点法构建方程,通过最小二乘法进行求解。无网格径向基函数配点法不仅在数值计算过程中不需要任何网格,是真正的无网格法,而且易于离散,精度高,不需要积分,计算效率高;径向基函数的近似函数仅与距中心点的距离有关,非常适宜于求解三维问题。对于这种方法,本文先离散空间域,然后再离散时间域,并在每一时间步内施加边界条件,来分析三维功能梯度材料板的静力和动力问题,据此可解决传统配点方法在求解动力问题时误差随时间累积的问题。数值分析表明,材料性能呈梯度分布会导致其力学性能在梯度方向呈现非线性变化,不同的梯度分布模式会导致力学性能非线性变化的幅度不同。     

微钢纤维掺量对水泥基复合材料相关性能的影响

为了研究微钢纤维掺量对水泥基复合材料相关性能的影响,采用普通硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、外加剂、以及微镀铜钢纤维进行水泥基复合材料配合比试验。设计和制作了三种不同纤维掺量的27组立方体、棱柱体、抗拉和抗折试件,通过试验,获得了不同纤维掺量下水泥基复合材料的力学性能,分析研究微钢纤维掺量与水泥浆复合材料相关性能的关系,建立了相应的数学模型。研究结果为普通水泥基复合材料的工程设计及工程应用质量评价提供参考依据。     

Free vibration of composite plates using the finite difference method

The finite difference method was used to solve differential equations of motion of free vibration of composite plates with different boundary conditions. The effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia on the natural frequencies of laminated composite plates are investigated in this paper. Four cases are studied: neglecting both shear deformation and rotary inertia, considering only rotary inertia, considering only shear deformation, and considering both. Solutions were obtained for symmetric and angle-ply laminated plates. The factors that affect natural frequencies of different composite plates, such as span-to-depth ratio, aspect ratio, angle-ply, and lamination sequence were also investigated. Results were found to agree well with exact and approximate solutions reported in literature. Shear deformation showed a considerable effect on the natural frequencies for composite plates, whereas the rotary inertia effect was found to be negligible.     

Vibration of cross-ply laminated composite plates subjected to initial in-plane stresses

Natural frequencies, modal displacements and stresses of cross-ply laminated composite plates subjected to initial in-plane stresses are analyzed by taking into account the effects of higher-order deformations and rotatory inertia. By using the method of power series expansion of displacement components, a set of fundamental dynamic equations of a two-dimensional higher-order theory for rectangular laminates is derived through Hamilton’s principle. Several sets of truncated approximate theories can be derived to solve the eigenvalue problems of a simply supported laminated plate. After examining the convergence properties of the lowest natural frequency, only the numerical results for M=5, which are considered to be sufficient with respect to the accuracy of solutions, are presented. Numerical results are compared with those of the published existing three-dimensional theory and FEM solutions. The modal displacement and stress distributions in the thickness direction are plotted in figures. The buckling stresses can be obtained in terms of the natural frequencies of the laminates without initial in-plane stresses.     

Dynamic stiffness analysis of laminated composite plates

An analysis is presented for the vibration and stability problem of composite laminated plates by using the dynamic stiffness matrix method. A dynamic stiffness matrix is formed by frequency dependent shape functions which are exact solutions of the governing differential equations. It eliminates spatial discretization error and is capable of predicting several natural modes by means of a small number of degrees of freedom. The natural frequencies and buckling loads of composite laminated plates are calculated numerically. The effects of the boundary conditions, the number of layers, the orthotropicity ratio, the side to thickness ratio, and the aspect ratio are studied. It is also illustrated that connected composite plate structures can be handled without difficulty by the present method.     

Free vibration of quadrilateral laminated plates with carbon nanotube reinforced composite layers

The free vibration behavior of quadrilateral laminated thin-to-moderately thick plates with carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTRC) layers is studied. The governing equations are based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The solution procedure is based on transforming the governing differential equations from an arbitrary straight-sided physical domain to a regular computational one, and discretization of the spatial derivatives by employing the differential quadrature method (DQM) as an efficient and accurate numerical tool. Four different profiles of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) distribution through the thickness of layers are considered, which are uniformly distributed (UD) and three others are functionally graded (FG) distributions. The fast rate of convergence of the presented approach is numerically demonstrated and to show its high accuracy, wherever possible comparison studies with the available results in the open literature are performed. Then, the effects of volume fraction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), geometrical shape parameters, thickness-to-length and aspect ratios, different kinds of CNTs distribution along the layers thickness and different boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of laminated plates are studied.     

A differential quadrature nonlinear free vibration analysis of laminated composite skew thin plates

Using a differential quadrature (DQ) method, large amplitude free vibration analysis of laminated composite skew thin plates is presented. The governing equations are based on the thin plate theory (TPT) and the geometrical nonlinearity is modeled using Green's strain in conjunction with von Karman assumptions. To cause the impact due to nonlinear terms more significant, in-plane immovable simply supported, clamped and different combinations of them are considered. The effects of different parameters on the convergence and accuracy of the method are studied. The resulted solutions are compared to those from other numerical methods to show the accuracy of the method. Some new results for laminated composite skew plates with different mixed boundary conditions are presented and are compared with those obtained using the first order shear deformation theory based DQ (FSDT-DQ) method. Excellent agreements exist between the solutions of the two approaches but with much lower computational efforts of the present DQ methodology with respect to FSDT-DQ method.     

Buckling and postbuckling of unsymmetrically laminated angle-ply plates in uniaxial and biaxial compression

A deflection-type perturbation technique is proposed to solve the nonlinear Karman equations of rectangular unsymmetrically laminated angle-ply composite plates with simply supported edges in uniaxial and biaxial compression. Higher-order asymptotic expansions for postbuckling behavior of the plates are constructed by this approach. Effects of initial imperfection, lamination angle and number of layers on buckling and postbuckling of the plates are examined. In some specific cases numerical results obtained from the present solution are in fairly good agreement with other theoretical predictions.     

Transient vibrations of laminated composite cylindrical shells exposed to underwater shock waves

The problem of the transient vibration of an elastic laminated composite cylindrical shell with infinite length exposed to an underwater shock wave is solved approximately. The linear acoustic plane wave assumption and Sanders thin shell theory are adopted. The reflected-afterflow virtual-source (RAVS) procedure is used to model the fluid–structure interaction involved during the underwater shock event. For the validity of the present analysis, the response of a laminated cylindrical shell under step plane wave is first analyzed and compared with the numerical solution available in the literature. Detailed numerical results for the transient responses of the shells under an exponentially decaying underwater shock wave are presented, and the influences of fiber angle, shell radius and thickness upon the dimensionless radial velocity, mid-surface strain, 0th mode radial displacement and 1st mode radial velocity of the shells, are investigated.     

Nonlinear analysis of imperfect laminated thin plates under transverse and in-plane loads and resting on an elastic foundation by a semi-analytical approach

The large deflection and postbuckling behavior of imperfect composite laminated plates exposed to a combined action of transverse loads and in-plane edge compressions and resting on an elastic foundation are investigated in this paper by a semi-analytical approach. The formulations are based on the classical laminated plate theory (CLPT), and include the plate–foundation interaction effects via a two-parameter model (Pasternak-type) from which Winkler elastic foundation can be recovered as a limiting case. The present approach employs a perturbation technique, one-dimensional differential quadrature approximation and the Galerkin procedure to model the nonlinear performance of the plate with arbitrary combination of simply supported, clamped or elastic rotational edge constraints. Studies concerning its accuracy and convergence characteristics are carried out through some numerical illustrations. Effects of foundation stiffness, plate aspect ratio, total number of plies, fiber orientation, initial geometrical imperfection, the character of boundary conditions, and load patterns on the nonlinear behavior of the plate are studied. Typical numerical results are given in dimensionless graphical forms.     

Analysis of thin-walled composite box beam under torsional load without external restraint

A procedure for analyzing the mechanical behavior of laminated thin-walled composite box beam under torsional load without external restraint is presented. The method is based on the theory of composite laminated plates and is deduced by means of the free torsion theory of thin-walled beams, which makes the procedure simple and practical. In the present theory, the stresses are considered distributing unequally along the wall thickness and various coupling effects are taken into account. The calculation formulas of torsional angle and stress given by this method are concise and easy to use. The present analysis results indicate that by reason of coupling effects, in general, the free torsion of composite box beams may not exist definitely, so a concept of torsion without external restraint is suggested. Finally, the examples are given and their numerical results are analyzed and discussed. The values of torsional angle, ply stresses (including their variation with the off-axis ply angle) obtained by this paper are compared with those obtained by model test or finite element method (FEM).     

Free vibration analysis of laminated FG-CNT reinforced composite beams using finite element method

In the present study, the free vibration of laminated functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite beams is analyzed. The laminated beam is made of perfectly bonded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (CNTRC) layers. In each layer, single-walled carbon nanotubes are assumed to be uniformly distributed (UD) or functionally graded (FG) distributed along the thickness direction. Effective material properties of the two-phase composites, a mixture of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and an isotropic polymer, are calculated using the extended rule of mixture. The first-order shear deformation theory is used to formulate a governing equation for predicting free vibration of laminated functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) beams. The governing equation is solved by the finite element method with various boundary conditions. Several numerical tests are performed to investigate the influence of the CNTs volume fractions, CNTs distributions, CNTs orientation angles, boundary conditions, length-to-thickness ratios and the numbers of layers on the frequencies of the laminated FG-CNTRC beams. Moreover, a laminated composite beam combined by various distribution types of CNTs is also studied.