Finite element analysis of the bulge defect forming and eliminating on tube continuous rolled by full floating mandrel mill

Based on the ABAQUS explicit dynamic simulation platform,the finite element model of single stand mill with restrained mandrel was adopted to research the influence of mandrel - roller velocity ratio (MRVR),mandrel friction and tension between stands on rolling force.The analysis results show that when the MRVR is lower than 1,the rolling force increases obviously with the increase of MRVR and reaches the peak value when the MRVR is about 1.The rolling force increase induced by the MRVR increase is the main reason of the formation of the bulge defect on the tube head and tail at the entering and exiting stage during tube continuous rolling process by full floating mandrel mill,which can be intensified by the increase of mandrel friction coefficient.The rolling force decreases with the increase of tension.As the tension is larger, the rolling force decrease amplitude is larger.The influence of backward tension on rolling force is greater than that of forward tension distinctly.Tension control can be used to decrease the rolling force increase induced by the MRVR increase,which is imposing tension at the same time when the MRVR increases,in order to improve even eliminate the bulge defect,and enhance the tube dimension precision.     

论无缝钢管生产重组与连轧管厂的技术改造

分析了欧美、日本一些国家的无缝钢管生产重组情况,提出了以生产重组与技术改造相结合的方式重组全浮动芯棒连轧管厂的生产并发展与国际接轨的结构用管（HSS）生产的想法。     

钢管定径过程的有限元仿真

利用有限元软件仿真了钢管的定径过程,研究了轧辊压下量、摩擦系数和管壁厚度等与轧制力的关系.结果表明:咬入时,轧制力随摩擦系数、壁厚和缩径量的增加而提高;稳定轧制时,轧制力最大并趋于平稳.模拟了钢管定径过程中咬入和稳定轧制时钢管内应力、应变的变化规律.分析了定径过程中钢管内金属流动和弹复行为.     

薄壁无缝钢管顶管过程拉凹缺陷研究

摘要：为了解决CPE顶管机组轧制薄壁无缝管实际生产中出现的管壁拉凹问题，基于某钢管公司114mm CPE顶管机组的装备和工艺条件，借助于有限元分析软件Simufact，对42CrMo4钢管典型规格111mm×435mm顶管过程的辊模力、各机架轧件出口壁厚、应力应变及相对滑动速度进行了分析。结果表明，顶管过程中，减壁量较大的机架之间存在张力作用，机架减壁量越大，轧件在辊缝处壁厚减薄量越大；轧件在辊缝处所受到的轴向应力均为拉应力，在靠近轧件头部一段距离内轧件所受到的轴向拉应力较大，发生壁厚拉凹的倾向性增大。机架过大的减壁量和减壁率引起的轧件沿孔型宽度方向的严重不均匀变形、机架间大的张力及芯棒与轧件间过大的速度差引起的芯棒拽入力是顶管过程管壁拉凹缺陷产生的主要原因。     

自动轧管横向壁厚精度研究

摘要：针对自动轧管机轧制薄壁不锈钢管中出现的严重横向壁厚不均问题,借助于三维有限元分析软件Simufact,对X10CrNiTi18不锈钢管典型规格112mm×4.5mm自动轧管过程进行数值模拟。研究了不同轧辊孔型结构参数、芯棒润滑状态、轧辊孔型磨损及穿孔毛管偏心对自动轧管横向壁厚精度的影响。结果表明：随着芯棒摩擦因数的增大,所轧荒管横向壁厚精度明显恶化;偏心毛管轧制所轧荒管依旧偏心,延伸轧制对穿孔毛管偏心壁厚纠偏能力有限;磨损的孔型修模后,采用负芯补轧制较增大芯棒直径轧制所轧荒管横向壁厚不均度增大;采用三段式圆弧孔型,所轧荒管横向平均壁厚更接近目标壁厚,横向壁厚不均度由原孔型的13.55%下降到9.94%,横向壁厚精度明显改善。     

无缝钢管回退式芯棒二辊连轧特性分析

利用有限元软件MSC.Superform对回退式芯棒钢管连轧过程进行数值模拟,探究回退式芯棒二辊连轧钢管的金属变形、力能参数及运动学特点。结果表明:与全浮动芯棒相比,回退式芯棒轧制时金属横向流动较小,降低了孔型开口处金属过充倾向;钢管平均壁厚偏薄,促进了钢管减壁,但可能会造成壁厚收缩;轧制力有一定的降低。与限动式芯棒相比,芯棒轴向力较大,钢管易发生抱棒。     

Study on spiral wall thickness unevenness of thin- walled tubes rolled by Assel rolling mill

In view of the internal thread defect of thin- walled tubes rolled by Assel 3- roll skew rolling mill, Assel cross- rolling process of X20Cr13 steel tube with typical specification of ??160mm??6. 5mm was numerically simulated by using 3D finite element analysis software Simufact. The influences of different mandrel movement modes, feeding angles and rolling strip profiles on the depth of internal thread were studied. The results show that the depth of the internal thread of steel tube rolled by the full floating mandrel is the most shallow, the second is that of the fixed mandrel and that of the pull mandrel is worst, and it will be gradually deepened when the feed angle increases; the hyperbolic rolling strip is more conducive to controlling the internal thread depth of the rolled tube. Under the condition of hyperbolic rolling strip, the amount of twist deformation of the rolled tube in the rolling process is about 35% smaller than that of the straight rolling strip.     

宝钢φ460无缝钢管三辊连轧管机组的技术进步

简述了宝钢460无缝钢管项目热轧线的技术设计。对比当今世界上最先进的同类大口径三辊连轧管机组,分析了宝钢460三辊连轧管机组的技术进步：加大原料管坯直径;提高锥式穿孔机的轧制力矩,增大穿孔机轧辊直径,并在进料侧使用管坯预旋转装置;减少连轧管机及定径机的孔型系列;提高连轧管机的最大允许轧制力;采用12机架定径机,最后3个为可调型机架;应用了液压小舱技术及CARTA工艺控制软件包等。     

T91钢热连轧管过程力学参数的有限元分析

应用三维有限元模拟仿真技术,对Φ169 mmx6 mm T91无缝钢管8机架浮动芯棒连轧管过程, 进行有限元模拟与仿真分析,获得各机架横断面等效应力分布以及轧制力、芯棒力和力距的变化特点。提岀 增加前3机架轧制力,降低第4机架轧制负荷,使连轧管过程轧制力参数合理分布     

Study on transverse wall thickness accuracy of tube rolled by automatic plug mill

In view of serious uneven transverse wall thickness of thin walled stainless steel tube rolled by automatic plug mill，the automatic tube rolling process of X10CrNiTi18 stainless steel tubes with typical specification of 112mm×4.5mm was numerically simulated by using 3D finite element analysis software Simufact. The influence of different roll pass structure parameters, different mandrel lubrication state, roll pass wear and eccentricity of pierced shell on transverse wall thickness accuracy of automatic rolling tube was analyzed. The results show that as the friction coefficient of the mandrel increases, the accuracy of transverse wall thickness of the rolled tube deteriorates obviously. The hollow tube rolled by eccentric pierced shell is still eccentric, and it shows that the elongation rolling has a limited ability to correct the eccentric wall thickness of the pierced shell. With repaired the worn pass, the unevenness of the transverse wall thickness of the rolled tube increases using the negative mandrel compensation rolling compared with the increase of mandrel diameter. The average transverse wall thickness of the rolled tube is closer to the target wall thickness by using three section arc groove, and the transverse wall thickness unevenness decreases from 13.55% of the original groove to 9.94%, and the transverse wall thickness accuracy is obviously improved.     

提高轧制力设定精度的一种离线优化方法

轧制力参数设定是轧机设定模型的核心参数之一,对决定成品卷的厚度精度及板型质量至关重要。京唐酸轧二级模型计算轧制力时采用Bland-Ford-Hill公式,经分析确定影响轧制力计算精度的参数主要为变形抗力和摩擦力因数。因此提出了一种利用特定钢种的初始历史实际轧制数据离线调整其变形抗力和摩擦力因数的方法,从而提高本钢种在线轧制力模型的设定精度。实际应用表明,使用通过此方法优化后的变形抗力和摩擦力参数计算轧制力,轧制力设定模型的精度得到了明显提高,能够满足在线控制需求。     

Influence of Pass Parameters on Retained Mandrel Rolling Process

 Roller pass is one of the key factors affecting the product quality in the retained mandrel rolling process. The metal flow condition of rolling deformation area was researched using the FEA (finite element analysis) software Marc. The influences of the pass bottom radius, the sidewall radius, the sidewall angle, the roller shoulder fillet radius, as well as the roller gap on the rolling process under the conditions of different friction were discussed. Based on these results, the changes of the workpiece exit width, the mandrel axial force, the rolling force, and the rolling torque associated with various parameters were determined, which would provide the basis for designing the pass and determining the rolling condition reasonably.     

冷连轧高速轧制过程中摩擦因数机理模型的研究

在现场试验与理论分析的基础上,针对现有摩擦模型对冷连轧高速轧制过程中摩擦因数的预报精度不高、通用性不强等问题,首先对润滑油膜厚度计算模型与摩擦因数返算方法进行了推导,然后定量研究了辊缝中润滑油膜厚度与摩擦因数之间的关系,最终建立起一套适合冷连轧高速轧制的摩擦因数机理模型,并将其应用于宝钢冷轧薄板厂1220五机架冷连轧机与宝钢冷轧厂2030五机架冷连轧机的生产实践.应用结果表明:提高了轧制的稳定性与带材的控制精度,减小了相关模型的自学习与自适应系数波动,取得了良好的使用效果.     

具有伸长率分配计算功能的轧制力预报智能模型研究

针对双机架平整机的特性,以基态弯辊力下带材出口板形最好为准则,提出具有双机架平整机伸长率分配系数计算功能的轧制力模型;在此基础上,为了改善传统轧制力模型的预报精度,提出了先通过神经网络利用在线测得的实际数据预测变形抗力和摩擦因数,再与轧制力机理模型自学习过程相结合的轧制力预报新方法;并将其应用于宝钢1220双机架平整机的生产实践,结果表明此模型可以高精度地预报轧制压力.     

不锈钢冷连轧轧制力显函数模型的开发与应用

针对不锈钢冷连轧生产工艺,提出动态变形抗力概念,利用四辊可逆冷轧机和Inston高速拉伸实验机进行轧制-拉伸实验,在MMS-200热模拟实验机上测定不锈钢的应力-应变曲线,建立不锈钢动态变形抗力模型。在Hill方程的基础上建立了轧制力显函数模型,并通过变形抗力和摩擦因数的逆向回归计算实现模型的在线自学习。提出了适合轧制力模型的可信度评估方法,引入Theil不等式系数法,依据TIC值定性分析了模型的适用性。最终确立了适合于冷连轧生产的精确的轧制力显函数模型,并将其应用到生产实践中。统计结果表明：冷连轧过程中轧制力的模型计算值与实测值的相对误差小于3.67%,该模型具有良好的计算精度和较好的泛化能力,适合于工业生产实践。     

Evaluation on some important force models for cold strip rolling

To improve the accuracy of rolling force prediction, some important force models were evaluated through applied computation for cold rolling of low carbon steel and aluminum alloy according to measured data on lab mill. The effects of model structure and three important variables ‐ flow stress, contact length and friction coefficient ‐ on the precision of computed force were quantitatively studied. Flow stress was measured with plane‐strain compression test, contact length was based on elastic flattening of work‐roll by Hitchcock, and friction‐coefficient was determined by rolling strain and numerical iteration. In steel rolling Bland & Ford integration model and Bryant & Osborn algebraic equation are better in accuracy than Ekelund and Parkins. In aluminum rolling all the models produce large deviations ΔF_R = 10–20% if flow stress, contact length and friction coefficient are determined with the same method as steel rolling. The elastic deformation of aluminum strip is now taken into account for its low elastic modulus. An effective method to determine plastic and elastic contact has been developed in this investigation. The accuracy of force computation is obviously improved for aluminum rolling.     

有限元数值模拟方法在连轧管孔型设计中的应用

介绍了有限元法在连轧管孔型设计中的应用,分析了全浮芯棒连轧时金属流动特性,讨论了轧辊工作直径的确定方法.针对难轧钢种的钢管连轧,以减轻钢管内表裂纹缺陷为目标,借助于有限元数值模拟对连轧孔型进行了优化设计.试轧结果表明,新设计的孔型使T91钢管的内表缺陷大幅下降,经高压锅炉管精整线超声波探伤检验,合格率(绝对值)提高36.77%,对难轧钢种具有很强的适应性.     

论MPM轧管工艺的发展

简要介绍了限动芯棒连轧管机经历25年4个阶段的发展简史,对典型的机组进行了评述.PQF轧管工艺的成就标志着MPM轧管工艺的发展完善,也为长芯棒连轧管工艺近百年的历程画上了句号.文章着重提出先进的轧管工艺要与先进的自动控制软件包相配套,强调要重视国产连轧管技术的发展.     

Φ460 mm PQF连轧机组提高芯棒使用寿命的措施

芯棒是保证PQF(Premium Quality Finishing)连轧机生产出高精度,高品质钢管的重要热变形工具,其表面质量和直径精度直接影响到钢管的壁厚精度和内表面质量;同时,PQF连轧机孔型精度高,钢管不均变形小,钢管在孔型中的横向变形小。文章通过分析包钢无缝钢管厂Φ460 mm PQF连轧机组影响芯棒使用寿命的因素,提出PQF连轧机提高芯棒使用寿命的一些措施。     

无缝钢管生产工艺的过去现在与将来

无缝这生产工艺带头的特点是多种工艺并存。这和无缝钢管生产工艺发展的历史有关，这种并存的局面是一种非稳态，优胜劣汰，势在必特，值得注意的是：就先进的连轧管工艺来说，限动芯棒连轧管工艺发展特别迅速，当前正在向三辊式机架、紧凑式轧机的方向发展。再加上ＮＲＥ工艺的出现，这种工艺将在种种口径钢管生产中占优势。