基于多节SIRs的新型四通带滤波器设计

提出了一种基于多节1/2波长SIRs的具有通带可控的紧凑型四通带滤波器。该滤波器由上下两个谐振器A和B组成,谐振器A由两节1/2波长SIRs中心加载一段短路枝节组成,控制第二和第三通带;谐振器B由三节1/2波长SIRs中心加载一段短路枝节组成,控制第一和第四通带,最终得到了尺寸为8.09 mm×14.12 mm(0.10λ_g×0.17λ_g)的四频带通滤波器。实验结果表明,该滤波器的通带可控并且满足低损耗的要求,4个通带的中心频率分别为2.22/3.66/5.63/7.52 GHz,插入损耗分别为0.32/0.41/1.38/0.43 dB,每个通带的回波损耗都优于20 dB,实验结果与理论分析一致。     

基于圆端ASIR的紧凑型带通滤波器设计

为满足现代通信系统对滤波器电路尺寸和滤波性能的需求,提出了一种基于微带传输线的紧凑型带通滤波器。该滤波器采用折叠开环的圆端非对称阶梯阻抗谐振器(Asymmetric Stepped-Impedance Resonator, ASIR),实现了紧凑的电路结构;利用谐振器与馈电结构间的交叉耦合引入两个传输零点,提高了滤波器的通带选择性和阻带抑制性能。基于以上思路,设计了一款尺寸为22.7 mm×12.4 mm的带通滤波器。该滤波器中心频率为2.51 GHz,相对带宽为13.5%,回波损耗S₁₁优于25 dB,带内插入损耗S₂₁低于0.44 dB,阻带抑制优于30 dB。对滤波器进行加工测试,实测结果与仿真结果基本一致,验证了该方案的有效性。此外,该滤波器还具备结构简单、易于集成等优点,有利于通信系统的频率选择和集成化使用。     

高选择性的紧凑型WLAN微带带通滤波器设计

为了满足现代无线通信系统对紧凑型带通滤波器的需求,提出一种基于左右手传输线原理的新型微带带通滤波器。该滤波器采用了具有两个左手级和一个右手级的三级结构。左手级由螺旋互补裂环谐振器和交指电容构成,右手级由传统传输线和螺旋互补裂环谐振器构成,螺旋互补裂环谐振器在接地层中蚀刻实现。提出的右手级与两个左手级串联,以便改善频率选择性和带外抑制。给出了等效电路模型和全波仿真结果,并对设计的滤波器进行了制作和性能测试。实验结果表明,仿真结果与测量结果吻合良好,相比现有同类滤波器,该滤波器在尺寸减小和选择性方面都有明显的改善,通带覆盖2.3 GHz～2.45 GHz,测量的3 dB分数带宽约为7.5%,总尺寸为0.18 λ_g×0.15 λ_g。     

频率可调带通-带阻可切换滤波器的设计

该文设计了一种频率可调带通与带阻可切换微带滤波器,在距λ/2(λ为波长)谐振器开路端约1/4处加载变容二极管实现中心频率可调,利用PIN二极管实现带通与带阻两种状态的可切换。通过对耦合系数与外部品质因数(Q)值的分析,选取合适的参数可实现滤波器绝对带宽在调谐范围内保持恒定。带通状态时,由于源与负载间的耦合及谐振器间的混合电磁耦合,在滤波器的通带两侧各产生1个传输零点,提高了滤波器的选择性与阻带抑制。选用介电常数2.2的F4BM介质基板制作实物并用矢量网络分析仪进行测量。测量结果表明,当PIN管加正偏压,变容二极管加反偏压时,实现了中心频率可调的带阻滤波器;当PIN管不加偏压,变容二极管加反偏压时,实现了中心频率可调的带通滤波器。滤波器的中心频率调谐范围为3.45～3.90 GHz,调谐范围内绝对带宽保持恒定。该滤波器尺寸为44.4 mm×16.1 mm(0.59λ_g×0.21λ_g)(λ_g为调谐范围中心频率对应波长),符合小型化要求。     

基于枝节加载谐振器的新型三频带通滤波器设计

提出了一种新型平面三频带通滤波器,该滤波器由一个加载短路枝节的阶梯阻抗谐振器,一对加载开路枝节的背靠背E型谐振器,以及包含源负载直接耦合的馈电结构组成.所采用的枝节加载谐振器的多模工作特性使滤波器的体积大大减小,同时每个通带的位置及其耦合特性都能够独立调谐.另外,通过源负载直接耦合引入通带两侧的传输零点,实现了滤波器良好的频率选择性.最后设计并加工了一款高选择性小型化三频带通滤波器,其三个通带的中心频率分别为2.0GHz,3.95GHz和6.35GHz,插入损耗均小于2.5dB,带内回波损耗均优于14dB,实验结果与仿真结果吻合良好.     

微型LTCC四级带通滤波器的设计

提出了一种微型LTCC四级带通滤波器的实现方法。该带通滤波器由四个性能良好的谐振器组成,通过交叉耦合实现传输零点从而达到良好的阻带衰减。通过电路仿真以及电磁场三维仿真软件进行三维建模,对模型进行加工测试,滤波器的测试结果与电磁仿真结果相匹配。四级带通滤波器的中心频率为5.25GHz,带宽为500 MHz,通带范围内插入损耗均优于1.59dB,在0~4.65GHz频率以及6.33GHz频率以上的带外衰减均优于40dB,尺寸仅为2.5mm×3.2mm×1.5mm。本设计采用了带状线分布式结构来实现滤波器的微型化。     

一种新型的T型双模微带带通滤波器

提出了一种新型的T型双模微带带通滤波器结构,即在T型谐振器的两侧通过交叉耦合结构和加载开路支节,分别实现了在通带外的低阻带产生一个传输零点和高阻带产生了两个衰减极点,提高了阻带的抑制能力,同时保证了滤波器的小型化。该滤波器的仿真结果表明,通带的中心频率为3.1GHz,最大回波损耗优于-40dB,最小插入损耗为-0.1dB,实测和仿真结果相一致。     

基于QMSIW小型化带通滤波器设计

为有效减小X波段基片集成波导(SIW)滤波器的尺寸和插入损耗,提出了基于四分之一模基片集成波导(QMSIW)和共面波导(CPW)混合结构的小型化带通滤波器。为了提高滤波器的选择性和带外抑制,将两个CPW合并到两个级联的QMSIW谐振器中,由于两个CPW谐振器之间的耦合是电耦合,有助于产生两个传输零点,因而具有较高的选择性。该小型化滤波器尺寸仅为8.1 mm×15.4 mm,中心频率为8.7 GHz,相对带宽是16.1%,仿真测得插入损耗为0.83 dB,带外抑制大于40 dB。     

基于加载非对称开路枝节谐振器的带通滤波器

基于新型的加载非对称开路枝节的阶梯阻抗谐振器,设计了一种具有高频率选择性的单频微带滤波器.该滤波器采用非对称的开路枝节作为容性负载,抑制高次杂散频率,具有较宽的上阻带,中心频率(2.4 GHz)处的插入损耗为0.6 dB.与传统结构相比,该滤波器在相同的谐振频率下尺寸减小了45％.调整新型阶梯阻抗谐振器的尺寸,还能实现中心频率为3.5 GHz单频和2.4 GHz/3.5 GHz双频带通滤波器.     

基于奇偶模分析法的四模谐振器结构的双通带带通滤波器设计

提出了一款基于四模谐振器的新型双通带带通滤波器.设计的四模谐振器基于微带线结构,由四个开路枝节和一个短路枝节组成.两次采用奇偶模分析法对该四模谐振器结构进行分析.该四模谐振器的每个模式能够实现独立调节,同时每两个模式形成一个通带.采用源与负载耦合的馈电方式,提高滤波器的带外抑制性.该滤波器具有四个传输零点和四个传输极点.测试结果表明,该双模双通带滤波器工作于2.08GHz和6.07GHz,3dB带宽分别为11.06%和7.74%.设计的滤波器具有紧凑的结构,只有0.28λ_g×0.11λ_g大小.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks