航改燃气轮机的湿空气透平循环改型方案研究

航改燃气轮机具有压比高、效率高、可靠性高和结构紧凑等特点,它将航空发动机先进技术有效地应用于工业领域。以某型三轴航改燃气轮机为研究对象,对其不同的HAT循环改型方案进行了研究。建立了一种基于饱和曲线和工作线的饱和器模型,该模型避免使用难以准确获得的传热传质系数,利用饱和器实验数据对该模型进行了验证,结果表明:建立的饱和器模型具有较高的准确性,其中出口空气温度最大误差小于0.8%,出口湿度最大误差小于1.9%。此外,设计并仿真了3种不同结构形式的HAT循环方案,仿真结果表明:原始的压气机和透平特性不适合于改型后的HAT循环,它限制了HAT循环的效率和燃气轮机的输出功率(简称出功)。针对这一问题,提出了改进透平特性方案,该方案有效地解决了水蒸气的加入带来部件不匹配问题。在此基础上分析了3个HAT方案设计点的性能,结果表明方案2即在简单循环基础上加入了饱和器、经济器、回热器和中冷器是最佳的改型方案。     

环境温度对湿空气透平_HAT_循环性能的影响

在建立HAT循环中各部件的变工况模型的基础上分析了HAT循环变工况性能,并同简单冷循环进行了比较。结果指出,HAT循环具有良好的变工况性能。     

基于某百千瓦级微型燃气轮机的HAT循环热力系统设计与分析

为了研究基于微型燃气轮机的湿空气透平(humid air turbine, HAT)循环用于热电联供的热力性能,建立了某百千瓦级回热循环微型燃气轮机及其HAT循环的热力性能模型,优化了循环参数,分析了压损与换热温差对循环效率的影响,并对HAT循环热电联供效率与回热循环进行了比较分析。研究表明基于回热循环微型燃气轮机构建的HAT循环折合发电效率可以达到29.66%,比回热循环提高4.28个百分点。HAT循环的热电比范围为0～2.8,回热循环的热电比范围为0～2.4。当热电比为0～1.6时,HAT循环热电联供效率高于回热循环;当热电比为1.6～2.4时,回热循环效率高于HAT循环。本研究为HAT循环热电联供系统的设计与应用提供参考。     

湿压缩HAT循环听热力学分析

将湿压缩方法用于HAT循环，构造了湿压缩HAT循环，对循环进行了整体优化，并分析了循环的性能特点和规律。     

湿空气焓值计算及其对HAT循环分析的影响

以湿空气焓值为研究对象，按理想混合气体模型和实际混合气体模型分别对含湿量恒定条件下空气的焓值进行计算比较。结果表明：在接近饱和的状态下，实际混合气体效应不可忽略，在HAT循环饱和过程参数范围内两者的最大偏差接近7％。因此，HAT循环饱和器分析应按实际混合气体模型计算湿空气的焓值。图5参5     

微型HAT循环过渡过程动态模拟

在建立压气机、燃烧室、透平、回热器、湿化器、气水换热器、转轴转动惯性模型、气道热惯性模型和燃料供给系统模型等单元部件动态模型的基础上,建立了恒转速微型HAT循环的系统动态模型及其控制系统模型。对其阶跃降负荷过渡过程进行了动态模拟,并与微燃机简单、回热循环进行了对比。结果表明,该动态模型能够有效地对系统的过渡过程进行模拟与分析,计算稳定可靠,可为微型HAT循环控制系统设计与分析提供模型基础;控制系统设计合理,能够满足调节负荷和转速的要求,保证循环系统安全运行;水路的热惯性对系统响应影响较小,而回热器的热惯性是影响微型HAT循环和回热循环过渡过程响应的主要因素。     

湿压缩 HAT 循环的热力学分析

将湿压缩方法用于 HAT循环 ,构造了湿压缩 HAT循环 ,对循环进行了整体优化 ,并分析了循环的性能特点和规律     

新型加压填料饱和器及其关键结构研究

为了进一步揭示HAT循环的集成和运行的规律,促进HAT循环的商业化,搭建了100kW级的HAT循环示范系统。本文主要工作是研制HAT循环的关键部件加压饱和器及其内部气体分布器、液体分布器、气液两相测量装置等。在前人工作基础上,设计了分布性能好、压力损失小的双向环流式气体分布器。利用FLU-ENT软件对其进行了数值分析,结果显示该气体分布器可以满足饱和器内气流分布均匀性的要求。     

有无后冷器的微燃气轮机HAT循环性能比较

基于某80kW微燃气轮机回热循环改造工作,比较了有后冷器和无后冷器的HAT(Humid Air Turbine)循环性能和需要增加的换热器面积。研究结果表明,对于所研究的微燃气轮机,有、无后冷器的HAT循环系统折合效率和折合输出功相当,与有后冷器的HAT循环相比,无后冷器的HAT循环湿化器更高,体积更大,但是由于省掉了后冷器,其总换热面积(后冷器、湿化器、省煤器换热面积之和)更小,即意味着其投资更低,且无后冷器的HAT循环系统结构更简单,将使系统更加紧凑且控制更容易。     

回热器对HAT循环影响的分析

目前对HAT循环中回热器的理论分析大多采用传热温差法和表征回热器特性的回热度分析的方法。针对这两种不同的分析方法分别进行了计算,比较分析了它们对HAT循环的影响,结果表明,传热温差法更加适合于对HAT循环进行理论分析,但应当注意传热温差的选取。而回热度法更多应用于回热器的设计。     

Modular approach to analysis of chemically recuperated gas turbine cycles

Current research programmes such as the CAGT programme investigate the opportunity for advanced power generation cycles based on state-of-the-art aeroderivative gas turbine technology. Such cycles would be primarily aimed at intermediate duty applications. Compared to industrial gas turbines, aeroderivatives offer high simple cycle efficiency, and the capability to start quickly and frequently without a significant maintenance cost penalty. A key element for high system performance is the development of improved heat recovery systems, leading to advanced cycles such as the humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, the chemically recuperated gas turbine (CRGT) cycle and the Kalina combined cycle. When used in combination with advanced technologies and components, screening studies conducted by research programmes such as the CAGT programme predict that such advanced cycles could theoretically lead to net cycle efficiencies exceeding 60%. In this paper, the authors present the application of the modular approach to cycle simulation and performance predictions of CRGT cycles. The paper first presents the modular simulation code concept and the main characteristics of CRGT cycles. The paper next discusses the development of the methane–steam reformer unit model used for the simulations. The modular code is then used to compute performance characteristics of a simple CRGT cycle and a reheat CRGT cycle, both based on the General Electric LM6000 aeroderivative gas turbine.     

湿空气透平_HAT_循环的研究发展现状

文中介绍了新型高效热力循环－湿空气透平（Ｈｕｍｉｄ Ａｉｒ Ｔｕｒｂｉｎｅ－ＨＡＴ）循环及其相关循环的概念,特点和国内外研究发展状况。     

HAT循环的一种改型_CHAT循环

本文好ＨＡＴ循环的一种改型ＣＨＡＴ循环。该循环属于再热型的ＨＡＴ循环,并在文中对ＣＨＡＴ循环的特点进行了简要介绍。     

Study of humid air turbine cycle with external heat source for air humidification

In this paper, through introducing an external heat source to the conventional humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, we have studied the performances of the improved humid air gas turbine cycle mainly by exergy analysis method. In order to attain the performance of the humid air gas turbine with external heat source, we compare it with the conventional HAT cycle in detail with different factors such as the pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and the external circulating water mass flow. The results showed that the specific work of the new system and the humidity ratio of saturator are all increased in some degree. For example, in the same pressure ratio and TIT, when the ratio of the external circulating water mass flow rate with that of the internal water is 0.2, the specific work increases more than 15.2 kJ kg⁻¹a, and the humidity raises at least 2.0 percent points. By introducing the external circulating water into the system, though thermal efficiency of the new HAT cycle is lower than that of the conventional HAT cycle, the exergy efficiency exhibits different results. Generally, when the pressure ratio is over 8, the exergy efficiency for the proposed HAT cycle is higher than the conventional HAT cycle; while less than 8, whether or not the exergy efficiency increases will mainly depend on TIT. In addition, the exergy destructions of components in systems were investigated. Through the comparison of the new system with the conventional HAT cycle, it was found that the exergy loss proportion in combustion declines for the new system, and the proportion of exhaust loss increases. From the viewpoint of total energy system, the HAT cycle with utilization of external heat source is a beneficial way to improve the overall performances of energy utilization. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

湿度对HAT循环燃烧室旋流扩散燃烧特性的影响

为研究湿度对燃烧特性的影响,采用湍流雷诺应力模型和层流小火焰模型,对湿空气透平(HAT)循环燃气轮机带有旋流器的燃烧室内甲烷扩散燃烧过程进行了数值模拟对比了在4种不同空气含湿量(0、100、200、300g／kg(DA))情况下的燃烧室内部温度场、速度场以及NO组分分布的情况,分析了湿度对HAT循环燃烧室扩散燃烧特性的影响结果表明,加湿降低了整个燃烧室的温度,并使其内部温度分布更加均匀;加湿使燃烧室的NO浓度大大降低;加湿减小了回流区长度。     

10MW级HAT循环试验系统配置与热力性能研究

HAT循环作为一种新型燃气轮机循环,具有低NO_x、高效率、灵活热电调节、启停快的特点。本文分析了以某10 MW级回热循环燃气轮机为基础,构建HAT循环热电联供特性试验系统的配置,给出了燃气轮机通流匹配、热电联供以及大范围热电比调节对燃烧室等部件的技术要求。     

Proposal of humid air turbine cycle incorporated with absorption heat transformer

A detailed graphical exergy study based on the energy‐utilization diagram (EUD) is applied to humid air turbine (HAT) cycle incorporated with a modified two‐stage absorption heat transformer (TAHT). Employing the sensible and latent heat exchange modes in this TAHT and then introducing to the HAT cycle have clarified that this method can intensively recover the waste heat of HAT cycle and improve the system performance. Compared to a conventional HAT cycle, the overall cycle efficiency can be increased by 2 per cent points and the specific work can be increased by 7.3 per cent. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.