Color-matching performance of polypropylene producers

Producers of colored injection-molded polypropylene plastic parts for automotive interior use were assessed for color-matching performance on the basis of calculated color difference, spectrophotometric similarity to the standard (freedom from metamerism), and visual color match. Considerable disparity was found among the efforts of the nine producers participating in the study.     

Setting tolerances on color and texture for automotive coatings

In the automotive industry, color quality control is increasingly done by reflection measurements. We discuss how color tolerances are set in specifications to suppliers of add‐on parts and to paint suppliers. We mention several factors that often lead to unrealistically tight settings, and therefore to incorrect rejections and unnecessary high productions costs. We show that this is likely to occur when the dE_ab color difference equation is used, or when a strict criterion separating pass from fail is used instead of specifying a “grey area” where instrumental monitoring needs to be followed by visual assessments. Unrealistically, tight tolerances also result from halving tolerances in the supply‐customer chain in an attempt to compensate color variations due to uncontrolled application conditions. Tolerances should be widened further when a gap separates an add‐on part from the car body, making visual discrimination of color differences less critical. Other common situations where tolerances should be widened are the presence of visual texture in effect coatings, the lightness of metallic coatings becoming very high (L*> 100) and measurement geometries close to the gloss angle. Finally, we address the issue that instrumental color tolerances should not be tighter than what is allowed by instrumental reproducibility, repeatability, and inter‐instrument agreement. Accounting for these factors, we provide a set of reasonable values for tolerances on color and on visual texture parameters, based on our own practical experience. But realistic tolerance values depend very much on actual conditions, and should be agreed in tripartite discussions among automotive industry, suppliers of add‐on parts, and paint supplier. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 88–98, 2014     

汽车塑料化及其前景

塑料因其具有优异的性能,已在汽车内、外饰件上获得广泛的应用。用塑料制造汽车零部件是实现当前世界汽车材料的轻量化和环保化发展方向的主要手段。通过汽车内、外塑料饰件及其它塑料功能零部件的介绍,概述了塑料在汽车工业中的广泛应用状况,以及汽车塑料化的前景及其趋势。     

聚氨酯在现代汽车工业中的应用(续)

<正>(上接2007年第1期)2.2外装件2.2.1侧护板、保险杠侧护板安装于车门两侧,保险杠安装于车前、车后,碰撞时起到缓冲、减少损伤的功能,所用     

A comparative study of the emotional assessment of automotive exterior colors in Asia

This article compares color assessments of automotive exteriors at four locations in China, Thailand and Japan. This study employed painted panels of twelve colors, thirty sensory words and fifteen pairs of emotion variables. It also used reference figures of nine cars that included four styling categories, namely sedans, compacts, sport utility vehicles and sports cars. The results of like-dislike tests revealed that basic automotive exterior colors, such as black, white and red, were highly preferred across locations. However, geographical differences are apparent in the preference for some non-basic colors. To elucidate these geographical differences, a Chi-square test and principal component analysis were performed on the data on emotion variables. The results revealed both similarities and differences in color preferences among the four locations. Color preferences were similar in Hong Kong and Shanghai when simply evaluated by color samples. However, similar preferences for automotive exterior colors were observed in Hong Kong, Kyoto and Bangkok, but not in Shanghai. These results suggest that there is fluctuation in the emotion evoked by a color when the color is considered in the context of automotive exteriors. Therefore, this study indicates that automotive sales can be secured in the global marketplace by creating a single palette of exterior colors based on similar color preferences across countries. However, these results also indicate that preparing market-specific automotive-color line-ups can be an effective marketing strategy.     

汽车板材构件冲压润滑剂的研制

为了提高汽车板材冲压件表面质量和汽车冲压工艺过程的稳定性,通过对润滑剂基础油及其他添加剂的考察和筛选,确定了一种新的汽车板材构件冲压润滑剂的配方。经过一年多的实验研究和在国内某汽车零件生产厂家的成功应用表明,结果汽车板材构件冲压润滑剂不仅具有良好的润滑性能、工间防锈性,确保板材构件冲压成形的质量,而且还具有优良的氧化安定性、冷却性能、极压抗磨性。此外,工厂使用后每天润滑剂消耗量减少28%以上,模具使用寿命提高30%,完全满足生产各类型汽车板材构件冲压润滑的使用要求,性价比极高。     

Automotive color certification

Because of the subjective nature of determining visual color-match acceptability, we have for many years hoped that color measurement would provide objectivity for clear-cut decisions. Despite impressive advances in spectrophotometers and computer software, few produceruser programs have been successful using only numerical data and with no visual override. Most companies “accumulate data” but make final decisions visually. Considering the many observers making color-match decisions at color producer sites, molding plants and assembly plants, Ford set out to establish a plan for fully objective analysis. While developing the plan, certain guidelines became critical to good correlation of visual to measured data. A pilot program is described in which the resin producers certify batches of color concentrate or precolored resin as meeting certain measured criteria. the parts are then molded and installed in vehicles and are not challenged visually but are monitored for the record. Good color match quality has resulted. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

汽车部件用粉末涂料概况

概述了汽车部件用粉末涂料技术的发展历史及应用现状,根据粉末涂料在汽车部件(包括车身、发动机、轮毂、底盘等)应用的特性要求,指出汽车不同部件应选用相对应的粉末涂料体系,并列出不同粉末涂层的具体检测标准,为汽车粉末涂料的开发提供参考性依据,并展望今后汽车用粉末涂料技术的发展动向和应用前景。     

汽车内饰件用聚丙烯专用料的研制

考察了成核剂等在汽车内饰件用聚丙烯专用料中的应用效果,对比了用小试配方料与市场常见原料制备的汽车内饰件用聚丙烯专用料力学性能与微观数据,提出适合工业化生产的汽车内饰件用聚丙烯专用料配方。结果表明,采用共聚聚丙烯树脂K8003 90.00份、均聚聚丙烯树脂S1004 10.00份作为基料,添加0.10～0.15份成核剂、7.00份降温母粒,可以制得性能优良的汽车内饰件用聚丙烯专用料。     

Pigmentation evaluation of talc in polypropylene

New automotive and appliance applications require increased use of color matched pigmentation. End uses for the colored compounds include automotive interior and exterior applications, home appliances, tools, and lawn and garden equipment. The effects of “Platyness,” “Fineness,” and “Whiteness” are studied to better understand the contribution of each variable to compound color development in the presence of a red organic pigment.     

汽车车身同色件色差控制管理

介绍了颜色基本理论及汽车颜色的主要测量参数,着重介绍影响汽车油漆的主要因素和控制汽车车身同色件色差的方法。     

一种迷彩涂料配色方法的研究

以Kubelka-Munk理论为基础,阐述了一种全光谱配色的方法,利用该方法进行了迷彩涂料的计算机配色,探讨了影响配色结果的因素。     

Long Abstract Adhesion of Trim Tape to Automotive Finishes

In a given application trim parts are attached to autobody surfaces by a tape comprising a neoprene core double-faced with poly(buty1 acrylate) adhesive. Trim parts are received in automotive assembly plants with one side of the tape adhered in place and the other side protected by a release strip which is removed before use. The trim piece is applied with momentary pressure (0.1 MPa) from a roller to insure intimate contact. Initial adhesion must be sufficient to hold the trim part in place; functional attachment of the trim part depends on the tape adhesive for the duration of the car's use. Manufacturer's specifications do not provide for sanding of the painted surface prior to application of the trim part. It was necessary to reformulate the enamel to accommodate this by providing good adhesion at 30 minutes at 250°F and 60 minutes at 275°F conditions and to match the unsanded adhesion properties of a competitive product.     

Long Abstract Adhesion of Trim Tape to Automotive Finishes

In a given application trim parts are attached to autobody surfaces by a tape comprising a neoprene core double-faced with poly(buty1 acrylate) adhesive. Trim parts are received in automotive assembly plants with one side of the tape adhered in place and the other side protected by a release strip which is removed before use. The trim piece is applied with momentary pressure (0.1 MPa) from a roller to insure intimate contact. Initial adhesion must be sufficient to hold the trim part in place; functional attachment of the trim part depends on the tape adhesive for the duration of the car's use. Manufacturer's specifications do not provide for sanding of the painted surface prior to application of the trim part. It was necessary to reformulate the enamel to accommodate this by providing good adhesion at 30 minutes at 250°F and 60 minutes at 275°F conditions and to match the unsanded adhesion properties of a competitive product.     

Teaching color theory for automotive coatings: A computer‐based approach

“Color Theory for Automotive Coatings” is a state‐of‐the‐art learning approach to the world of automotive color. This learning tool provides important information to design engineers, color formulators, chemists, paint shop managers, color technicians, and anyone who wants to be more discerning about the science and communication of color. The content synthesizes both historic and current relevant color knowledge bases. The interactive educational design incorporates concepts of adult learning. The fundamentals of color and its application to the automotive industry are presented at the student's own pace. The learner has control of the learning process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 28, 327–334, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.10176     

紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的应用

概述了紫外光固化涂料在汽车塑料部件、修补漆、面漆上的应用,并展望了紫外光固化涂料在汽车涂装上的发展趋势。     

Simplified match formulation for fluorescent color specimens

Match formulation for fluorescent color specimens is much more difficult than for nonfluorescent color specimens, because both the reflected radiation and the fluorescent radiation must be taken into account. A simple method is described that allows match formulation for fluorescent colors within a small region around an initial color. This method uses a correction matrix and tries to minimize the differences in x, y, and Y and not the differences in the spectral radiance factors. The calculated match formulae are composed of four components, which can be fluorescent or non-fluorescent enamels. The mode of operation of the method described is demonstrated for green, yellow, and red fluorescent color specimens.     

浅谈汽车外观色彩设计

汽车色彩设计对汽车品牌具有重要意义，本文从实际设计和生产过程出发，阐述了汽车外观色彩设计的一般要求和基本流程。     

汽车密封条行业现状及发展趋势

<正>密封性是汽车整车质量的一项重要指标,而汽车密封条产品正是决定这一指标优劣的重要零部件之一,它被广泛应用于汽车前后风挡、车门、车     

国内汽车复合材料应用现状与未来展望

阐述了汽车复合材料的应用顺应了国际汽车的节能、环保和安全的发展方向。回顾了复合材料在我国汽车零部件开发中的发展历程。详细介绍了当今复合材料在轿车（含SUV）、载货车、客车等各种车辆及汽车工业相关领域的应用现状。展望了复合材料在汽车部件中将不断开发的新应用。总结我国汽车复合材料的发展举措。