定向凝固Ti-(43-48)Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的显微组织和性能

研究了Al含量对冷坩埚定向凝固Ti-(43-48)Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Ti-(43-48)Al-2Cr-2Nb合金的定向凝固组织主要由α₂相和γ相组成,随着Al含量的提高α₂相逐渐减少而γ相含量提高,且其显微组织片层由以平行片层和45°片层为主的混合片层向垂直混合片层转变;Al含量(48%,原子分数)较高的Ti-(43-48)Al-2Cr-2Nb合金其片层取向与应力方向垂直,具有较高的抗压强度和较低的塑性;Al含量(45%,原子分数)适中的合金其片层取向与应力方向平行,具有较高的强度、室温延伸率和综合性能。     

Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金高电位电化学腐蚀系统的稳定性特征

采用计时电流法测得Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金电化学腐蚀的电流密度时间序列,对比小波阈值和变分模态两种方法的去噪效果,计算Kolmogorov(K)熵,结合电化学阻抗谱和腐蚀表面形貌分析电化学系统的稳定性特征及影响因素。结果表明：电化学腐蚀系统具有较强的混沌特性,随外加电位的升高系统稳定性先增强后降低;当外加电位为7～13 V时,电化学系统稳定性受电极界面粗化程度和吸附反应响应速度的影响不显著,当电位为16 V时,系统稳定性则受二者影响显著;光滑的界面反而降低了系统稳定性,这主要归因于高电位电化学反应的剧烈程度和复杂程度。     

TiAl涂层对Ti_3Al合金腐蚀行为的影响

利用磁控溅射的方法在Ti_3Al合金上溅射Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag (原子分数/%)涂层,研究涂层对Ti_3Al合金熔盐热腐蚀和电化学腐蚀行为的影响.同时通过TEM,SEM,EDX,电化学工作站对合金的腐蚀进行研究,并对腐蚀机理进行探讨.结果表明:在熔盐热腐蚀中,涂层对基体具有很好的防护作用,这主要是因为Ti_3Al合金表面发生了大面积的脱落,而涂层试样表面腐蚀膜结合牢固.经过电化学腐蚀研究,涂层试样表面发生明显的分级钝化现象,表明涂层在Na2SO4+K2SO4溶液中具有很好的钝化性能,显示了很好的抗电化学腐蚀性能.     

Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al合金在3.0×10-5Pa低氧压下的氧化行为研究

为探究在低氧压高温环境中添加少量的Al是否对Co-Re基高温合金形成保护性的Cr₂O₃氧化膜具有协同效应,研究了Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al合金在1 100～1 300℃,3.0×10^-5 Pa O₂下氧化24 h的恒温氧化行为。结果显示：合金的氧化动力学曲线完全符合抛物线规律,其氧化激活能为242.3 kJ/mol。合金在1 100～1 300℃形成的氧化膜很类似,主要由连续致密的Cr₂O₃层组成,其上分布着少量的CoO和CoCr₂O₄尖晶石。与相应的Co-20Re-25Cr三元合金相比,Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al四元合金形成的具有保护性的Cr₂O₃层在氧化过程中可以防止合金中的Re元素以ReO₃的形式挥发,从而为合金提供更好的保护。7%Al的添加不足以使Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al合金发生Al的选择性外氧化,因此在外氧化膜下面形成...     

固溶时效对铸造Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb钛合金组织和性能的影响

研究了固溶时效制度对铸造Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb钛合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,适当的热处理制度可以明显提高合金的室温及高温强度,但是塑性略有下降。Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Cr-2Mo-2Nb铸造钛合金组织以集束状的片状α相为主,热处理后α集束的尺寸得到细化。采用915℃×2 h+空冷+590℃×4 h+空冷的热处理制度可以得到较理想的显微组织和良好的室温及高温综合力学性能。     

Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag纳米晶涂层对TiAlNb合金腐蚀行为的影响

研究了磁控溅射的Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag（原子数分数,％）纳米晶涂层对Ti-46．5Al-5Nb合金腐蚀行为的影响．结果表明,在600～700℃盐水蒸气的协同作用下,TiAlCrAg涂层使TiAlNb合金腐蚀速率降低．Nb是TiAlNb合金在700℃盐水蒸气协同作用下生成致密TiO2膜的主要原因．氯化物侵蚀α2相,使TiAlNb合金在盐和水蒸气综合作用下加速腐蚀,TiAlCrAg涂层中较少的α2相以及Laves相中较高的Cr含量是腐蚀速率降低的主要原因．     

用机械合金化工艺制备SiC质点弥散分布的Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb超细复合粉末

为制备SiC质点弥散分布的Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb超细复合粉末，对复合粉末的机械合金工艺进行了较详尽的研究。用XRD和SEM研究了机械合金化过程中粉末形貌，粒度和显微组织的变化，并对复合粉末的机械化机过程进行了探讨。     

Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金高电位腐蚀行为

采用线性扫描(LSV)、计时电流法(CA)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和表面观察等方法,研究Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb合金在NaNO_3(质量分数为20%)溶液中高电位(7 ~16 V)电化学腐蚀行为以及外加电位对腐蚀行为的影响。阻抗谱数据采用Maxwell传输线模型进行拟合。结果表明:电流密度随着电位的增加波动变大,样品均经历了非均匀腐蚀到均匀腐蚀的过程;腐蚀后吸附反应的个数从腐蚀前的7个减少为5个;样品腐蚀后的总腐蚀抗力与总时间常数的下降均随着电位增加经历先增加后减少的过程,腐蚀粗糙程度的增加是先迅速下降然后趋于平稳。     

Ce_(68)Al_(10)Cu_(20)Nb_2大块非晶表面钝化膜的研究

采用铜模冷铸法制备了Ce_(68)Al_(10)Cu_(20)Nb_2大块非晶合金,利用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱技术(EIS)研究了合金在1mol/L NaOH溶液中的腐蚀行为,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对电化学钝化前后试样的表面形貌进行了表征,最后利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了电化学钝化处理获得的钝化膜的成分。结果表明:Ce_(68)Al_(10)Cu_(20)Nb_2大块非晶合金在1mol/L NaOH溶液中具有明显的自钝化现象,钝化区为-0.25~0.50V,维钝电流密度为10-5~10-6 A/cm~2;通过电化学钝化后获得的钝化膜可分为外部疏松层和内部致密层;外层主要是Ce的氧化物/氢氧化物和Nb的氧化物,内层则由Ce,Cu和Al的氧化物/氢氧化物和Nb的氧化物构成,钝化膜从外到内,随深度增加,氢氧化物含量逐渐减少,氧化物含量逐渐增加。     

Hank′s溶液中注碳Ti6Al4V合金缝隙试样的电化学行为

为探索碳离子注入Ti-6Al-4V合金在人工模拟体液Hank's溶液中的性能,采用电化学方法、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射对其缝隙试样在人工模拟体液Hank's溶液中的电化学行为进行了研究.结果表明:碳离子注入后,Ti-6Al-4V合金缝隙试样的腐蚀电位升高、电荷转移电阻增大,阳极极极化电流密度降低,改善了电化学性能;碳离子注入后,Ti-6Al-4V合金表面形成主要由TiC组成的无序层膜,该膜层阻滞了合金元素的溶解,提高了合金的耐缝隙腐蚀性能.     

Protective Effect of the Sputtered TiAlCrAg Coating on the High-Temperature Oxidation and Hot Corrosion Resistance of Ti-Al-Nb Alloy

The effect of a sputtered Ti-48AI-8Cr-2Ag (at. pct) coating on the oxidation resistance of the cast Ti-46.5AI-5Nb (at. pct) alloy was investigated in air at 1000-1100℃. Hot corrosion in molten 75 wt pct Na2SO4+25 wt pct K2SO4 was investigated at 900℃. The scale on the cast TiAINb tends to spall in air, while the scale on coating is very adherent. The sputtered Ti-48AI-8Cr-2Ag coating remarkably improved high temperature oxidation resistance of the cast Ti-46.5AI-5Nb alloy because of the formation of an adherent Al2O3 scale. Due to the inward diffusion of Cr, Kirkendall voids were found at the coating/substrate interface. TiAICrAg coating provided excellent hot corrosion resistance for TiAINb alloy in molten 75 wt pct Na2SO4+25 wt pct K2S04 at 900℃ due to the formation of a continuous Al2O3 scale.     

Influence of noble metals alloying additions on the corrosion behaviour of titanium in a fluoride-containing environment

Titanium alloys exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in most aqueous media due to the formation of a stable oxide film, and some of these alloys (particularly Ti-6Al-7Nb) have been chosen for surgical and odontological implants for their resistance and biocompatibility. Treatment with fluorides (F⁻) is known to be the main method for preventing plaque formation and dental caries. Toothpastes, mouthwashes, and prophylactic gels can contain from 200 to 20,000 ppm F⁻ and can affect the corrosion behaviour of titanium alloy devices present in the oral cavity. In this work, the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of Ti-1M alloys (M = Ag, Au, Pd, Pt) was assessed in artificial saliva of pH = 3.0 containing 910 ppm F⁻ (0.05 M NaF) through open circuit potential, E_OC, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The corrosion behaviour of the Ti-6Al-7Nb commercial alloy was also evaluated for comparison. E _OC measurements show an active behaviour for all the titanium alloys in fluoridated acidified saliva due to the presence of significant concentrations of HF and HF₂ ⁻ species that dissolve the spontaneous air-formed oxide film giving rise to surface activation. However, an increase in stability of the passive oxide layer and consequently a decrease in surface activation is observed for the Ti-1M alloys. This behaviour is confirmed by EIS measurements. In fact, the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy exhibits lower impedance values as compared with Ti-1M alloys, the highest values being measured for the Ti-1Au alloy. The experimental results show that the corrosion resistance of the studied Ti-1M alloys is similar to or better than that of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy currently used as biomaterial, suggesting their potential for dental applications.     

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characterization of passive film formed on implant Ti–6Al–7Nb alloy in Hank's solution

The influence of potential on electrochemical behavior of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy under simulated physiological conditions was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results were compared with those obtained by potentiodynamic polarization curves. All measurements were carried out in Hank's aerated solution at 25 degrees C, at pH 7.8 and at different potentials (corrosion potential, 0 mV(SCE), 1000 mV(SCE), and 2000 mV(SCE)). The EIS spectra exhibited a two-step or a two-time constant system, suggesting the formation of a two-layer oxide film on the metal surface. The high corrosion resistance, displayed by this alloy in electrochemical polarization tests, is due to the dense inner layer, while its osseointegration ability can be ascribed to the presence of the outer porous layer.     

渗碳处理提高TiAl基合金高温抗氧化性

研究了表面渗碳处理Ｔｉ－４８Ａｌ－２Ｃｒ－２Ｎｂ合金高温抗氧化性的影响，结果表明，渗碳处理显著地提高ＴｉＡｌ基合金高温抗氧化能力，归因于渗碳处理在试样表面层形成了具有良好的抗氧化性和高温热稳定性的多层结构的渗碳层。     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Isothermally-forgedTi-47Al-2Nb-1Cr-1V and Ti-47Al-2V-1Cr Alloys

Microstructures and room-temperature tensile properties of isothermally-forged γ-base (γ + α2)alloys in Ti-Al-Nb-Cr-V system with different heat treatments were investigated. The results show that the microstructures of Ti-47Al-2Nb-1Cr-1V and Ti-47Al-2V-1Cr (at. pct) alloys are mainly determined by heat treating temperature in the (cr + 7) tWo-phase field, and the joint additions of Nb, Cr and V in the Ti-47Al alloy afFect Ta significantIy. The microstructure of Ti-47Al alloy with additions of Nb, Cr and V (1~2 at. pct) can be dupIex or nearly-lamellar by a suitable heat treatment after isothermal forging at 1000℃ for over 50% plastic strains.Therefore its tensile properties can be improved at room temperature.     

Formation of the carbonated hydroxyapatite film on Ti-30Zr-5Al-3V bio-alloy

The Ti-30Zr-5Al-3V titanium alloy has an ultra-low Young's modulus. So, it promises great application potential as a hard-tissue implanted biomaterial. However, its surface performances need to be improved before clinical applications. In this work, a carbonated hydroxyapatite film is deposited on the surface of Ti-30Zr-5Al-3V bio-alloy using electrochemical methods. Microstructure, film-substrate adhesion, and electrochemical corrosion behavior of carbonated hydroxyapatite deposited specimens in Ringer's solution are investigated. A homogeneous, dense, and fully covered carbonated hydroxyapatite film forms on the surface after depositing at 3 V, 90 °C for 120 minutes. The formation mechanism of the carbonated hydroxyapatite film on the micro-nano structure surface is revealed. The corrosion performance of carbonated hydroxyapatite deposited specimens in Ringer's solution is evaluated by using potentiodynamic polarization curves. The carbonated hydroxyapatite deposition obviously enhanced the corrosion resistance of the Ti-30Zr-5Al-3V bio-alloy.