Utility of the Mini-Mult with delinquents.

Investigated the accuracy with which the Mini-Mult, a 71-item short form of the MMPI, could predict features of the standard MMPI in a nonpsychiatric population of 100 male and 25 female delinquents. The Mini-Mult and MMPI were administered in that order to all Ss with a 24-48 hr. intertest interval. Group results for both sexes show good correspondence between Mini-Mult and MMPI scores, while individual profile pairs suggest that for these Ss the Mini-Mult allows few conclusions about the validity, high points, or general elevation of an MMPI profile obtained soon after. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparisons of the MMPI and Mini-Mult.

Compared the MMPI with 2 forms of the Mini-Mult test, 1 extracted from the full MMPI and 1 administered separately. Across 6 samples of psychiatric patients (N = 252), correlations between comparable scales ranged from .33-.96, with the extracted form having a higher median correlation. High-point codes derived from both forms of the Mini-Mult yielded poor agreement with MMPI codes, especially for the separately administered Mini-Mult. It is concluded that the Mini-Mult is not a reliable substitute for the MMPI, but can be used to estimate global pathology. (French summary) (15 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reliability and scale equivalence of the Mini-Mult and MMPI.

Evaluated the reliability of an abbreviated form of the MMPI (the Mini-Mult) and its degree of correspondence with the MMPI in 60 hospitalized schizophrenic veterans. The major results indicate respectable validity and reliability coefficients for Mini-Mult Scales F, K, 2, 6, 7, and 8. Scales 3 and 9 resulted in somewhat lower coefficients, with Scales L, 1, and 4 indicating either poor reliability or contradictory results pertaining to their relationship to the MMPI. Estimates of the mean loss in reliability of the Mini-Mult scales were 25.8% and 19.5%. Results also indicate the mean loss in degree of correspondence to be 21.6%. The possibility of coefficient inflation is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of the standard MMPI and the Mini-Mult in a psychiatric outpatient clinic.

Obtained comparisons between the standard MMPI and the Mini-Mult for a sample of 39 male and 39 female patients in an outpatient psychiatric service of a large urban hospital. Findings indicate that while the Mini-Mult is sensitive to psychopathology, it underestimates extreme scores and is not an accurate substitute for the MMPI in predicting clinical types. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Efficacy of the Mini-Mult validity scales with prisoners

The authors studied the ability of the Kincannon Mini-Mult validity scales to detect invalid standard MMPI protocols of adult male prisoners. The original MMPI records of 1407 Ss were rescored by use of Kincannon's items for the L, F, and K Scales. Analysis consisted of examining the frequency with which the Mini-Mult would detect an invalid protocol when at least one of the original MMPI validity scales also was elevated and invalid. Results indicate that the Mini-Mult failed to detect nearly 75% of the profiles that were invalid due to an elevated F scale on the parent MMPI. Similarly, over 50% of the profiles invalid due to elevated L and/or K scales were not detected by the Mini-Mult. Despite the appealing brevity of this 71-item short form of the MMPI, caution is advised with regard to its use in penal settings.     

Correspondence between Mini-Mult and standard MMPI scale scores in patients with neurological disease.

Explored the possible utility of the Mini-Mult vs the standard MMPI in 18 patients with left hemisphere lesions, 18 with right hemisphere lesions, and 18 non-brain-damaged medical controls. Close correspondence was found between mean Mini-Mult and standard MMPI scale scores for all scales except scale 9. Although all correlations were significant beyond the .01 level, only scales L, K, 1, 2, and 3 reached acceptable levels of equivalence. The Mini-Mult correctly predicted the MMPI high-scale score only 55.5% of the time. It is suggested that the poor predictive value of the Mini-Mult for the individual, despite adequate group prediction, reflects weakness in the test rather than sampling differences due to severity of illness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relative usefulness of three forms of the Mini-Mult with college students.

Administered the standard MMPI to 121 undergraduates. Later, Ss completed an oral question form, a written question form, and a written statement form of the Mini-Mult. Correlations between the standard MMPI and the Form M Mini-Mult (scored directly from standard MMPI answer sheets) ranged from .76-.94. Correlations between the standard MMPI and those of the 3 Mini-Mults administered ranged for .50-.88 for the oral form, .46-.88 for the written question form, and .58-.91 for the written statement form. Data from the comparison of individual profiles indicate that, while correlations were higher with the written statement form, the individual analyses provided mixed results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Use of the Mini-Mult D scale in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The Mini-Mult was compared with the full Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) D scale and with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale in a sample of 35 patients with Parkinson's disease. The Mini-Mult D scale was demonstrated to be an accurate measure of clinical depression in these difficult-to-test patients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Use of MMPI short forms with psychiatric patients.

Compared the use of 2 MMPI short forms, the MMPI-168 and the Mini-Mult, with the complete MMPI using 2,721 psychiatric inpatients and 634 outpatients. Estimated Full Scale MMPI scores for both short forms showed very high relationships with actual Full Scale scores, and the degree of profile agreement for the 3 highest scales was also quite high, although comparisons of the MMPI-168 and Mini-Mult demonstrated a number of significant differences which affect profile interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of the MMPI and the Mini-Mult in a psychiatric outpatient clinic

Data from 86 female and 64 male clients of an outpatient clinic suggest that the Mini-Mult is useful in clinical situations in which time is important, perhaps for screening patients in clinics where paraprofessionals are used. In general, there was close correspondence among the data; however, significant differences were found between the Mini-Mult and the complete MMPI scores for the F and Ma scales. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Clinical limitations of three Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory short forms.

Compared 3 MMPI short forms, the Mini-Mult, T. Faschingbauer's 166, and the MMPI-168, which were constructed by different methodologies, using 1,028 male psychiatric patients as Ss. Although the short- to standard-form correlations for all 3 short forms were generally high (ranging from .74 to .96 for the MMPI scales), the success in accurately predicting the code type was quite low. The hit rates in predicting to the 58 code types used in the study were 36.7% for the Mini-Mult, 40.4% for the MMPI-168, and 49.4% for Faschingbauer's 166 form. An analysis of false positive and false negative test misses showed further weaknesses in MMPI short forms. Results question the use of MMPI short forms for clinical interpretation based on usual profile interpretation procedures (code-type analysis). (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and Mini-Mult with drug users.

Data from 60 male drug addicts and users support previous findings that when correlations between corresponding MMPI and Mini-Mult scales are used, there is good correspondence; however, there is low accuracy with respect to clinical evaluation and high-point correspondence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A comparison of three MMPI short forms: Limited clinical utility in classification.

A multivariate classification method was used to compare the Mini-Mult, Faschingbauer Abbreviated MMPI, and MMPI-168 with the standard MMPI profiles of 252 psychiatric inpatients (mean age 27.4 yrs). Profiles were classified as 1 of 3 previous identified superordinate types (neurotic, psychotic, and sociopathic), using the standard MMPI profile as a criterion. Overall classification was below clinical utility, with distortions of profile shape the most serious error. No form was judged to be adequate for most clinical purposes. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of standard and abbreviated MMPIs in patients with head injury.

Examined the potential utility of several short-form versions of the standard Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) for patients with head injury. These included the Mini-Mult, Midi-Mult, Maxi-Mult, and the abbreviated MMPI by T. R. Faschingbauer (see record 1975-03125-001), the abbreviated MMPI by J. A. Hugo (1971), and the MMPI-168. The sample studied consisted of 95 males (mean age 27.2 yrs) and 30 females (mean age 27.5 yrs). A standard MMPI was administered at approximately 6.5 mo postinjury in both groups. Significant multivariate profile differences (based on T-scores) were found between the standard MMPI and each individual short-form. Scales on the short-forms showed generally good correlations between themselves and the standard MMPI scales, and T-score means were quite similar in most cases. However, further analysis of individual cases demonstrated relatively poorer correspondence between the standard MMPI and the short-form versions with regard to profile validity, high-point, and 2-point code type. None of the MMPI short-forms examined appeared to be a suitable alternative to the standard MMPI in patients with head injury. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Emotional reactions to surgery.

Evaluated the stress effects of major surgery on 26 white male patients. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Kincannon's Mini-Mult version of the MMPI were given 18-24 hr. before surgery and 3-9 days postsurgery after the S was informed he was recovering without complications. Mean STAI A-State scores were much higher prior to surgery than after; STAI A-Trait scores were essentially the same. Patients with high- and low-A-Trait scores showed similar presurgery-postsurgery changes in A-State. Scores on the Mini-Mult were essentially unchanged by the stresses associated with surgery. Results indicate that the threat of imminent surgery produced elevations in anxiety as an emotional state, but did not affect anxiety proneness (A-Trait). (27 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Homogeneous subscales for the Mini-Mult.

Assessed the dimensionality of the Mini-Mult item set in order to construct homogeneous subscales that parallel the primary dimensions for clinical and research use. Three Mini-Mult subscales, containing 21, 20, and 16 items, were identified on the basis of data from 312 rehabilitation clients: Low Morale, Somatization, and Psychotic Distortion Paranoia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Mini-Mult: A cautionary note.

Included the Mini-Mult in a broad questionnaire used to gather data on level of functioning in 5 areas (social, economic, mental, physical, and ability to perform the activities of daily living) from 997 noninstitutionalized 65-93 yr olds. Results indicate that, although the Mini-Mult has validity and the rate of responding to it is good, there are significant sex and race-related differences in answering, and scale scores tend to be somewhat unstable and unduly elevated. It is recommended that, as an instrument in surveys of the community-based elderly, the Mini-Mult must be treated with caution. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Disability, psychopathology, and vocational adjustment.

Examined the relationship among rehabilitation clients' preservice psychological status, type of disability, severity of disability, and vocational adjustment at follow-up using MMPI configural decision rules. 286 rehabilitation center clients (aged 16–62 yrs) who completed a Mini-Mult developed by J. C. Kincannon (see record 1968-12987-001) were sorted by sex into 3 groups: adjusted, possibly maladjusted, and probably maladjusted. Selected findings reveal that type and severity of physical disability were not related to adjustment group membership. Psychological disability was related to psychopathology, although the strength of the relationship was less than expected. Male self-ratings and work evaluators' ratings of male psychological adjustment were significantly related to adjustment group membership. Female psychological group membership was a more accurate predictor of center outcome than was either the naturally occurring base rate or the work evaluators' client ratings. There was no relationship between adjustment group membership and vocational adjustment at follow-up, thus supporting previous assertions that psychological and vocational adjustment are coeffects and are not causally linked. (39 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychological adjustment to spinal cord injury: Incidence of denial, depression, and anxiety.

118 spinal cord injured clients (average age 30 yrs) who had been referred to vocational rehabilitation, completed the Mini-Mult, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Average scores were well within the normal range and suggested no psychopathology. Individual Mini-Mult profiles were examined for evidence of depressive reactions, anxiety reactions, and psychological denial, and for frequency of 2-point, high-scale codes of 70 or greater. Anxiety and depressive reactions were practically non-existent. One-third of the sample were classified as deniers, one-fifth of the sample had Mini-Mult 2-point scale scores that suggested they might withdraw from people and have an inability to express hostility. There were no apparent relationships between psychological adjustment and sex, time since injury, point in the rehabilitation process, or cause of injury. Paraplegia was related to denial, quadriplegia to anxiety. Older Ss had significant elevations on the neurotic triad scales of the Mini-Mult. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychopathological profile of tinnitus sufferers: evidence concerning the relationship between tinnitus features and impact on life

This study involving 281 French tinnitus sufferers sought to investigate possible correlations between psychopathological profile and scores obtained from three tinnitus questionnaires. The patients all completed a French version of the Mini-Mult--a shortened Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--and French translations of three questionnaires designed especially for the clinical assessment of tinnitus: Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ), Subjective Tinnitus Severity Scale (STSS) and Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Significant correlations were found (p < 0.0001) between scores on various Mini-Mult scales and total or factor 1 THQ and total TRQ scores. No significant correlation was found between the STSS and any Mini-Mult score.