脂肪族水性聚氨酯树脂的合成和性能研究

合成了脂肪族水性聚氨酯，研究了影响胶膜的拉伸强度，断裂伸长率，24h伸长率，24h吸水率等性能的关键因素。     

环氧改性水性聚氨酯及其常温储存性能研究

采用两种不同环氧值的环氧树脂与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚二元醇(N220)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)反应,合成环氧改性水性聚氨酯分散体。研究发现,随着—NCO/—OH(R值)的增加,胶膜的拉伸强度增大,断裂伸长率降低,微相分离程度增加;环氧树脂改性后胶膜的吸水率和断裂伸长率均降低,拉伸强度增大,随着环氧值的增大越加明显;常温贮存45 d,胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有增加。     

环氧改性水性聚氨酯及其常温储存性能研究

采用两种不同环氧值的环氧树脂与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚二元醇(N220)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)反应,合成环氧改性水性聚氨酯分散体。研究发现,随着—NCO/—OH(R值)的增加,胶膜的拉伸强度增大,断裂伸长率降低,微相分离程度增加;环氧树脂改性后胶膜的吸水率和断裂伸长率均降低,拉伸强度增大,随着环氧值的增大越加明显;常温贮存45 d,胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有增加。     

脂肪族水性聚氨酯树脂的合成与性能研究

合成了脂肪族水性聚氨酯,研究了影响胶膜的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、24 h吸水率等性能的关键因素.     

PVC手套涂层用水性聚氨酯的研制

以六次甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和聚醚PPG等为原料,通过丙酮法合成了PVC手套涂层用高强度、高伸长率水性聚氨酯乳液,探讨了n(NCO)/n(OH)、n(IPDI)/n(HDI)和后扩链剂乙二胺对水性聚氨酯性能的影响,并对水性聚氨酯乳液进行了冻融稳定性测试。结果表明,当n(NCO)/n(OH)=4.5、n(IPDI)/n(HDI)=1.5:1时,后扩链剂用量为0.7 g时,制备的水性聚氨酯具有良好的低温涂层稳定性,胶膜的拉伸强度24.61 MPa,伸长率达到663.5%,且手套在70℃、72 h内壁不粘连。     

聚酰胺-胺型树枝状水性聚氨酯的合成与表征

为了提高水性聚氨酯耐水性等性能,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMG)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)等为原料,二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)为催化剂,通过预聚体法合成了单端封闭的聚氨酯预聚体(PPU),然后以一代端羟基树枝状聚合物(PAMAM-OH)为核,通过接枝共聚法制备了树枝状水性聚氨酯(HWPU)。通过单因素分析法优化出PPU的最佳合成条件:反应时间为2 h,反应温度为80℃,n(NCO)∶n(OH)为6∶1。采用FIIR、XRD和纳米粒度表面电位分析仪对产物的结构和性能进行了表征,并对胶膜的耐水性、表面粗糙度和力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:HWPU乳液粒径为43.56 nm,胶膜结晶度为1.59%,胶膜24 h的吸水率为4.8%,拉伸强度为39.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为376.4%,胶膜表面粗糙度降低。与未加PAMAM-OH的水性聚氨酯(WPU)相比,HWPU的吸水率降低了67.1%,拉伸强度提高了74.2%,耐水性和拉伸强度得到明显提高。     

阴离子型水性聚氨酯和阳离子型水性聚氨酯的合成及分析

以甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）和聚酯二醇等为基本原料,在NCO／OH比例及反应物量相同的情况下,分别合成了阴离子型水性聚氨酯和阳离子型水性聚氨酯。对它们进行了红外光谱分析、热重分析、粒径分析、吸水率测定和力学测试。结果表明：合成的阴离子水性聚氨酯无残余的-NCO,粒径、吸水率小于阳离子型水性聚氨酯,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率大于阳离子型水性聚氨酯,耐水性强于阳离子型水性聚氨酯。     

水性聚氨酯织物涂层剂合成与性能的研究

以IPDI、聚醚220、蓖麻油、DMPA等原料合成了系列水性聚氨酯涂层剂,研究了水性聚氨酯涂层剂NCO/OH比值、交联度、有机硅改性、有机氟改性等对涂层胶膜强度、手感、耐水压等性能的影响。研究表明,NCO/OH比值越高,胶膜强度越大,本实验合成的涂层剂耐水压随之降低。交联度越大,耐水压越高。蓖麻油的加入对提高耐水压和改善手感都有很大帮助,有机硅和有机氟的改性对提高耐水压和改善手感也有帮助。     

主链含亲水基团的聚氨酯力学性能和形状记忆性能的研究

采用自乳化法,用聚酯二元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、乙二胺(EDA)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP),1,4-丁二醇(BDO)等单体合成脂肪族水性聚氨酯。探讨了NCO/OH摩尔比、TMP含量、扩链剂种类对聚氨酯胶膜力学性能和形状记忆性能的影响。结果表明:加入TMP后,聚氨酯形成化学交联,拉伸强度得到改善,并随着TMP含量的增加而增大;由于物理交联与化学交联的协同作用,交联型聚氨酯形状记忆性能良好;当NCO/OH摩尔比为1.4,DMPA含量为6%,TMP含量为1%时,聚氨酯胶膜的形状固定率为87.62%,形状回复率为98.10%。     

水性聚氨酯织物涂层剂合成与性能的研究

以IPDI、聚醚220、蓖麻油、DMPA等原料合成了系列水性聚氨酯涂层剂,研究了水性聚氨酯涂层剂NCO／OH比值、交联度、有机硅改性、有机氟改性等对涂层胶膜强度、手感、耐水压等性能的影响。研究表明,NCO／OH比值越高,胶膜强度越大,本实验合成的涂层剂耐水压随之降低。交联度越大,耐水压越高。蓖麻油的加入对提高耐水压和改善手感都有很大帮助,有机硅和有机氟的改性对提高耐水压和改善手感也有帮助。     

Natural castor oil based 2-package waterborne polyurethane wood coatings

The effects of four kinds of hardener on the properties of castor oil (CO) based 2-package waterborne polyurethane (2K-WPU) wood coatings were examined. Modified castor oil (MCO) was prepared by transesterification of glycerol and CO at the molar ratio of 2.0. The waterborne polyurethane-dispersed polyol (PUDp), one component of the 2K-WPU, was synthesized from MCO, dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) by the acetone process to provide a prepolymer with a carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. Then the prepolymer was neutralized by triethylamine (TEA) and dispersed into water. After vacuum distillation to remove acetone, the PUDp was obtained and then mixed with four different hardeners: IPDI, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified PIPDI (polymeric IPDI) and PEG-modified PHDI (polymeric HDI). The NCO/OH molar ratio of 1.5 was used and a 2K-WPU coating was obtained. The results showed that the film of the 2K-WPU coatings obtained from IPDI hardener had excellent gloss and hardness. On the contrary, the film containing PEG-modified PIPDI hardener (PEG-PIPDI) had lower hardness and gloss but higher tensile strength. The film containing PEG-modified PHDI hardener (PEG-PHDI) showed the best elongation at break, abrasion resistance and impact resistance, though it had the worst hardness. The film with HDI hardener had the best hardness and highest tensile strength and superior water resistance among all the films with different hardeners, and it was suitable for wood coatings.     

DDI/IPDI型水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的合成及性能研究

以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG)、二聚酸二异氰酸酯(DDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为主要原料合成了一系列水性聚氨酯(WPU),探究了m(DDI)/m(IPDI)的配比对水性聚氨酯乳液粒径、胶膜接触角、表面能和力学性能等的影响.结果 表明,随着DDI含量的增加,聚氨酯乳液粒径及黏度逐渐增加,胶膜的拉伸强度下降,...     

高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体的合成

引　言水性聚氨酯是水溶型、水分散型和水乳化型聚氨酯的统称 .水性聚氨酯与溶剂型相比较 ,具有生产、运输和使用安全 ,不污染环境的优点 ,在涂料、黏合剂和皮革涂饰剂等方面的应用备受重视[1] ,成为近 10年来全世界的研究热点 .水性聚氨酯的弱点是其制成的涂料和涂饰剂的机械性能、耐水性不如溶剂型聚氨酯 .克服这些弱点 ,是近年来各国研究者努力的方向[2 ] .在改善水性聚氨酯性能方面有大量研究报道 ,诸如降低亲水基团含量 ,增大乳液粒径 ,采用强力机械分散增加乳液贮存稳定性 ,改善乳液对涂膜基材表面的润湿性、黏附力等等[3] .但很少见…     

Properties and paper sizing application of waterborne polyurethane emulsions synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate

In this work, a two-step synthesis methodology has been used to synthesize a series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), poly-caprolactone diol (PCL) and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as monomers and ethylenediamine (EDA) as the chain extender, respectively. The influences of the NCO/OH molar ratio, DMPA content, chemicals-adding sequence, and acetone content on the physical properties of the resultant emulsions have been investigated in detail. The results show that the emulsion viscosity increases with an increase in the NCO/OH molar ratio or DMPA content whereas it declines sharply as the acetone amount increases. The emulsion particle size is seen to increase with the NCO/OH molar ratio but it decreases as the DMPA content increases. The chemicals-adding sequence is observed to strongly affect the particle size and viscosity of the resultant emulsions. For cast films, with an increase in the NCO/OH molar ratio, the elongation monotonically decreases while the tensile strength is seen to increase at first and then deceases. The film water absorption capacity is found to go up as the DMPA content increases. Furthermore, after sized with the emulsions, the paper water resistance is markedly improved and the 30s Cobb value is seen to decrease by 63% as compared to the unsized counterpart. The paper folding resistance and the tensile index are also improved to certain extents. For producing well-performed WPU emulsions for sizing paper sheets, an NCO/OH molar ratio of 1.6–1.8 and a DMPA content of 6.0–7.0 wt.% are preferably chosen.     

双酚AF改性水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究

通过丙酮法以聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为原料,双酚AF为改性剂,2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为扩链剂,三乙胺为中和成盐剂合成了一系列不同双酚AF含量改性的水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)、力学性能、表面水接触角、吸水率测试等对聚合物结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,随着双酚AF含量的增加,WPU薄膜的表面水接触角增大,吸水率降低,耐水性能有所提高;薄膜拉伸强度与断裂伸长率先增大后降低。热重分析结果表明,WPU薄膜的热分解温度随着双酚AF添加量的增加先增大后降低,仍保持良好的耐热性能。XRD分析结果表明,改性前后的水性聚氨酯薄膜均为非晶型,双酚AF的加入对结晶性能并无影响。     

聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯乳液的制备与性能

以聚碳酸酯二元醇和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为主要原料,采用预聚法合成了聚碳酸酯型水性聚氨酯( WPU) ,用傅里叶变换红外光谱表征了WPU,考察了不同NCO/OH( 摩尔比) 对WPU 乳液粒径及薄膜的耐水性、拉伸性能的影响,并研究了WPU 的热稳定性。结果表明,随着NCO/OH 值的增大,WPU乳液的粒径增大,稳定性降低,薄膜的耐水性和拉伸强度提高,扯断伸长率降低; WPU 薄膜的热分解速率较快,硬段的热分解温度为193 ℃,最大失重温度为287 ℃; 软段的热分解温度为321 ℃,最大失重温度为364 ℃左右。     

IPDI/HDI型水性聚氨酯分散体的合成及性能研究

以脂肪族异氰酸酯[异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六次甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)]、聚醚(N-220)为主要原料,通过丙酮法合成了水性聚氨酯(WPU)分散体。探讨了n(IPDI中-NCO):n(HDI中-NCO)比例、后扩链剂用量和交联度等对WPU胶膜力学性能和耐溶剂(水和乙醇)性能的影响。结果表明:随着n(IPDI中-NCO):n(HDI中-NCO)比例的增加,WPU胶膜的拉伸强度提高,断裂伸长率、耐水性和耐乙醇性均下降;当n(IPDI中-NCO):n(HDI中-NCO)=0.25:1时,WPU胶膜的吸水率只有6%;随着后扩链剂用量或交联度的增加,WPU胶膜的拉伸强度提高、断裂伸长率下降。     

Synthesis and properties of crosslinked waterborne polyurethane

Waterborne polyurethane prepolymer was prepared by the reaction of isophorone isocyanate(IPDI), polyether polyol(PTMG), dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) and trimethylol propane(TMP), which was modified by silicane coupling agent(APTES) to form highly crosslinked polyurethane emulsion. The films of the waterborne polyurethane were prepared. The structure of the polyurethane was characterized by Fourier transform infared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The mechanical properties and water absorption of the films were measured. FT-IR indicates that APTES reacted with -NCO of polyurethane. XRD and DSC shows that crystallinity of polyurethane decreased with the increase of w(APTES). Tensile strength increases as the NCO/OH ratio increases. Tensile strength of films increases with increase of w(DMPA) and elongation at break decreases. The water absorption decreases with the increase of w(TMP) when w(TMP) is lower than 1.8%. As the mass fraction of APTES increases from 0% to 10%, the tensile strength of PU films increased from 18 MPa to 28 MPa, water absorption and ethanol absorption decreased.