Behavior of Non-metallic Inclusions in Centrifugal Induction Electroslag Castings

In order to know the behavior of non-metallic inclusions in centrifugal induction electroslag castings (CIESC), non-metallic inclusions in 5CrMnMo and 4Cr5MoSiV1 were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The largest size of inclusions in the casting and the thermodynamic possibility of TiN precipitation in steel were also calculated. The results show that sulfide inclusions are evenly distributed and the content is low. The amount of oxide inclusions in CIESC 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is close to the ESR steel and lower than that in the EAF steel, and there are some differences along radial direction. Nitride inclusions are fine and the diameter of the largest one is 3-4 μm. With the increase of the centrifugal machine's rotational speed, the ratio of round inclusions increases and the ratio of sharp inclusions decreases. According to the experiment and the calculation results, it is pointed out that the largest diameter of non-metallic inclusions in the CIESC 4Cr5MoSiV1 casting is only 6.6 μm, and [N%][Ti%] in 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel should be controlled less than 4.4× 10-5 in order to further reduce the amount and size of TiN inclusions.     

LD-BAr-CC工艺生产低碳铝镇静钢纯净度研究

研究武汉钢铁股份有限公司炼钢总厂四分厂LD-BAr-CC工艺条件下生产的低碳铝镇静钢的纯净度,分析各工艺阶段钢中显微夹杂、大型夹杂以及全氧、氮含量的变化情况。结果表明,在该厂现行工艺条件下,采用吹氩工艺可明显降低钢中夹杂物含量和全氧含量,全氧含量从精炼前的109.30×10-6降至30.75×10-6。各工序中钢的显微夹杂物主要为Al2O3和SiO2,这是脱氧产物和钢液二次氧化产物在钢中的残留物;大型夹杂物主要是Al2O3、SiO2以及硅铝酸盐等复合夹杂,与浮渣的卷入有很大关系。     

马钢电弧炉弹簧钢60 Si2 MnA氧含量技术可行性研究

针对马钢100t电弧炉EAF→LF→RH生产弹簧钢60Si2Mn A的冶炼生产工艺流程,采取系统的取样、综合分析弹簧钢冶炼过程中全氧变化规律及影响因素,结果表明:在电弧炉-LF精炼-RH真空处理中,全氧含量基本是逐渐降低的;通过精炼全程底吹氩气,采用顶渣操作和高碱度(R=3.5)精炼渣,来降低渣中氧化物的含量及活度,均有利于降低弹簧钢中的全氧含量;钢水中氧含量最终可以控制在10ppm以内;     

Non-metallic Inclusions in Continuously Cast Aluminum Killed Steels

In aluminum killed steels, the size, shape, quantity and formation of non-metallic inclusions in ladle steel (before and after RH vacuum treatment) and in tundish as well as in slabs were studied by EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalysis) and by analyzing the total oxygen. The results showed that in the slabs the total oxygen was quite low and the inclusions discovered were mainly small-sized angular alumina inclusions. This indicates that most inclusions have been removed by floating out during the continuous casting process. In addition, the countermeasures were discussed to decrease the alumina inclusions in the slabs further.     

提高高铝钢可浇性工艺技术研究

为了提高高铝钢可浇性,在转炉出钢及LF精炼过程对钢包渣进行改质处理,连铸采用专用高铝钢保护渣,中间包采用塞棒吹氩＋密封圈等水口防堵工艺。工艺试验结果表明,夹杂物组成可控制在12CaO·7Al2O3、3CaO·Al2O3低熔点组成区域,浇铸时长为4.5~6h时,液面状况正常,无结团,渣条较少且无硬渣条,铸坯表面质量优良,连续浇铸炉数不低于6炉。     

槽帮钢消失模铸造及二次精炼工艺

刮板运输机中部槽槽帮钢(以下简称槽帮钢)是刮板机制造中的重要部件.而槽帮钢铸造工艺是槽帮钢制造的关键环节,通过采用消失模铸造及钢包底吹氩气搅拌二次精炼工艺,使槽帮钢铸造质量取得了突破性进展,槽帮钢质量得到了保证,为刮板运输机中部槽制造打下良好基础.详细介绍了消失模铸造及钢包底吹氩气搅拌二次精炼工艺.     

槽帮钢消失模铸造及二次精炼工艺

刮板运输机中部槽槽帮钢（以下简称槽帮钢）是刮板机制造中的重要部件.而槽帮钢铸造工艺是槽帮钢制造的关键环节,通过采用消失模铸造及钢包底吹氩气搅拌二次精炼工艺,使槽帮钢铸造质量取得了突破性进展,槽帮钢质量得到了保证,为刮板运输机中部槽制造打下良好基础.详细介绍了消失模铸造及钢包底吹氩气搅拌二次精炼工艺.     

Properties of Steel Slag and Stainless Steel Slag as Cement Replacement Materials: A Comparative Study

To enhance the understanding about the utilization of steel slags as a cementitious material, we comparatively studied the chemical, mineralogical and morphological properties of two types of steel slag; basicoxygen-furnace carbon slag(BOF C) and electric-arc-furnace stainless steel slag(EAF S). Moreover, we studied the standard consistency, setting time and the effect of the slag replacement ratios on the fluidity and compressive strength of blended cement mortar. The experimental results showed that BOF C had higher alkalinity, higher pH value and more hydraulic phases than EAF S. Both types of slag showed water reduction effect due to its high fineness. Neat BOF C paste showed flash set and acceleration in the initial setting time of blended cement especially at high slag proportions. However, EAF S prolonged the setting time of blended cement even at low slag proportions. The pH values for blended cement contained 50% BOF C or EAF S were lower than those of pure cement paste. Despite of slag type, compressive strength gradually decreased with increasing slags content. The strength of BOF C mortar was higher than that of EAF S mortar with the same replacement ratio for the same age. Slag activity index demonstrated that BOF C and EAF S conformed to the Chinese National Standard(GB/T 20491-2006) requirements for steel slag as grade one and grade two, respectively.     

新冶金渣系的开发及其应用

根据我国铁水预处理、钢水精炼和连铸的发展计划,从简要介绍传统冶金渣系的特点入手,分析了这３ 种新冶金渣系的现状及发展前景;详细介绍了不扒渣铁水脱硫技术和ＬＦ炉泡沫埋弧精炼技术的特征;通过预测铁水预处理、钢水精炼和连铸３ 种渣系产品的市场需要量,指出了其规范化、标准化的必要性     

Application of Al-free deoxidizer in rail steel manufacture

Because there are a lot of influences of alumina inclusions on the performance of rail steel, it is reasonable to adopt the deoxidizatinn method with Al-free deoxidizer. According to the characteristics of Al-free deoxidization process, the control of alu-minum content, the denxidization with ladle furnace(LF) slag, the deoxidization process under vacuum by carbon, and the inclusions modification technology by calcium treatment were studied. All of them were applied to practical production. The results indicate that the adoption of Al-free deoxidization process leads to the total oxygen content in the steel below 20 ppm, which meets the re-quirement of clean rail steel.     

炉外喂钙丝与连铸水口堵塞的改善

针对连铸生产过程中水口堵塞现象，从炉外喂钙丝，改变非金属夹杂物形态，提高钢液洁净度，从而改善水口堵塞方面进行了分析研究，并论述了喂钙丝的主要控制参数及效果。     

Cleaning IF molten steel with dispersed in-situ heterophases induced by the composite sphere explosive reaction in RH ladles

A novel fine inclusion removal technology was put forward with dispersed in-situ heterophases induced by the composite sphere explosive reaction. A composite sphere with this function was designed and prepared using a laboratory scale batch-type balling disc (at 12 r/min), and the composite sphere was fed at the end of the RH refining process. The results indicate that inclusions in the IF molten steel can be removed effectively by feeding composite spheres in RH ladle. Compared with conventional inclusion ...     

Direct Current Electric Arc-Electroslag Ladle Furnace

In order to solve the high consumption problem of small capacity ladle furnace (LF), the operation principle and control method of the DC arc and electroslag heating ladle furnace are introduced. With only one arcing electrode, the distance between the arc and the wall of ladle is enlarged, and consequently the consumption of the ladle refractory is decreased. In the invention, a signal electrode is embedded in the refractory lining of the ladle, which contacts directly with the liquid steel and the ladle shell. TWo graphite anode ends are submerged in the slag layer. The signal electrode is used as voltage reference during refining process. The electroslag voltage between anode end and liquid steel is applied to control the depth of anode end in the slag layer during the refining process with this ladle furnace.     

钢中含氮量对钢的拉拔性能的影响

进行了钢包底吹氮、底吹氮－氩和底吹氩三种精炼工艺对比试验,结果显示,钢中氮含量对钢的拉拔性能影响显著,钢的拉拔性能随钢中氮含量下降而有所改善。     

Numerical simulation of flow phenomena and optimum operation of tundish

1　INTRODUCTIONDuringthecourseofcontinuouscastingsteel,theflowofliquidsteelintundishwasafairlycomplexprocesscontainingmomentumtransfer,masstransfer,energytransferandphase changeofmultiphasecomponents .Ac cordingtoRefs.[1,2 ],someinfluencingfactorsincastingsteelwerefound ,includingthecompositionofliquidsteel,thetechnicalparametersoftundishandre oxidationofmoltenmetal.Theprocesswouldaffectdirectlysurfacedefectsandinternalstructureformationofthecastingsteelproductsaswellastherealizationofhig…     

炼钢厂钢水温降研究现状

介绍了炼钢厂钢包内钢水温降研究的现状.阐明了通过提高钢包烘烤温度、加快钢包热周转、包衬加隔热层、钢水表面加覆盖剂、浇注钢包加盖等减少钢水温降的措施.     

LFV-40型钢包炉精炼GCr15轴承钢脱硫分析

通过34炉工业性试验,对LFV-40型钢包炉中精炼GCr15轴承钢的脱硫作了简要的分析,得出了所选择的精炼渣系的碱度、成分和(FeO)含量以及搅拌功的最佳值,可以作为指导生产的参考。     

底吹氩钢包内衬蚀损行为的数值模拟研究

针对底吹氩精炼钢包,建立钢包内衬蚀损行为模型,耦合钢液流动与传热过程,对钢包内衬材料在底吹氩精炼过程中的蚀损行为进行研究。结果表明,无论单吹还是复吹,较大的蚀损速率主要分布在钢包渣线及近透气砖区域,吹气量的增大会加速钢包内衬的蚀损。采用复吹时,钢包内衬的蚀损较单吹时更快。随着吹气参数的改变,钢包内衬蚀损速率的分布状况差异明显。大吹气量下,较大的蚀损集中在渣线区域且呈环向扩展;透气砖安装距包壁越近,钢包内衬蚀损不均衡性也越突出,近透气砖内衬蚀损加重。因此,在保证吹气效果的同时,透气砖偏心度不可太大,以免加重钢包内衬的局部蚀损,缩短其服役寿命。     

Optimum Slag Basicity for Deoxidation DuringSecondary Refining Process

According to the coexistence theory of slag structures, the calculating model of the oxidizing capabilityfor CaO-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 refining slag system has been deduced. Based on this model, the concept and thecalculating method of the optimum slag basicity are put forward. The results have proved that at this basicity,steel with lower oxygen content can be obtained and non-metallic indigenous globular inclusions can be avoidedmore effectively than at other basicity.     

LATS refining ladle slag modifying with CaO-CaF2

To reduce the slag sticking onto the snorkel of the ladle during the ladle alloying treatment station （LATS） process, CaO- CaF2 （the mass ratio of CaO/CaF2 is 1：1） was employed as the modifier of the LATS refining ladle slag. The effect of CaO-CaF2 on the melting point, viscosity, and desulfurizing capability of the ladle slag was investigated. The melting point of the unmodified ladle slag is 1439℃. When adding 20wt% CaO-CaF2, the melting point is decreased to 1327℃. At 1500℃. the viscosity of the unmodified ladle slag is 6.5 Pa.s, which can be decreased lower than 2 Pa.s by adding more than 10wt% CaO-CaF2. The experimental results of desulfu- rization of the melts show that the desulfurizing power of the ladle slag can be enhanced by adding CaO-CaF2.