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高效固色及抗染料转移剂在洗涤用品中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
汽巴天来分CL是一种高效固色及防止染料转移的功能添加剂,具有很好的护色作用,可保持衣物颜色的同一和亮丽。该产品是一种阳离子聚合物,可与衣物表面上的色素形成络合物,使衣物上的染料不易溶入洗涤液中,而达到固色作用。它还可与溶液中的色素形成络合物,防止色素沾染至衣物表面,起到防止染料转移的作用。天来分CL有固体和液体两种形式,可广泛应用于多种洗涤产品中,在洗衣粉、重垢液体洗涤剂和洗衣皂等产品中均具有很好的固色和抗染料转移效果。与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)相比,天来分CL具有更好的固色和抗染料转移性能。 相似文献
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The entrapment of linear polyisobutene (PIB) in semi-IPN architecture is shown to be as efficient as it is in cross-linkable telechelic PIB based full IPN architectures as far as the suppression of cold flow is concerned. Indeed, homogeneous linear PIB/cross-linked polycyclohexylmethacrylate (PCHMA) semi-IPNs containing from 20 to 70 wt% PIB and synthesized without solvent show no cold flow and higher mechanical properties than those of linear PIB or 50 wt% PIB containing blend. In addition, the particular barrier properties toward gas and water are preserved. Those properties arise from the phase co-continuity morphology of the semi-IPN materials which moreover compares with that of corresponding IPNs. A systematic study of the synthesis conditions (nature of the initiator, temperature, cross-linking density) showed that the reacting mixture viscosity is an important parameter that controls the phase separation degree in the final material. 相似文献
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The problem of scale formation in oil field production facilities is encountered as a result of mixing of injection water (Lias) rich in sulfate with formation water (Ordovicien) rich in barium. 1 A large number of methods have been developed for the prevention of these deposits. In this work, poly(maleic acid) was studied to ascertain its suitability as an inhibitor of barium sulfate scale deposits. It was synthesized by a free radical solution polymerization. Two different initiators were used namely a potassium persulfate and a redox system composed of potassium persulfate/sodium‐hypophosphite monohydrate. Their concentrations were varied to obtain low‐molecular weight polymers. Physical and chemical properties of the polymers obtained were measured by infrared and UV/VIS spectrometry, solubility test, viscosimetry, refractometry, and liquid chromatography. The effectiveness of poly (maleic acid) formulations as scale inhibitor was studied by turbidimetric tests. The most effective inhibitor formulation was found to be that based on poly(maleic acid) prepared via a redox initiating system. This polymer, used at a concentration of 3 ppm, presented the highest effectiveness namely 96% and 88% at room and oil well temperature, respectively, when compared with two commercial inhibitors. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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Acid–base interaction parameters have been measured by inverse gas chromatography for mixed stationary phases of film‐forming polymers and pigments. The quantities of adsorbed polymer required fully to coat the pigment surfaces were established, and rheological measurements were used to evaluate the thickness of polymer barriers generated by the adsorption process. Both the barrier thickness and the critical amount of polymer needed to overcoat the pigments were found to be dependent on acid–base interactions. Acid–base considerations also determined the rate of material redistribution when a third component was added to premixtures of two‐component polymer/pigment combinations. Time‐dependent variations in the surface energies of polymer films were attributed to the component redistribution process. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1378–1386, 2000 相似文献
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Heat‐transfer characteristics of polymer hollow fiber heat exchanger for vaporization application 下载免费PDF全文
Jun Liu Hong Guo Xingxing Zhi Lei Han Kai Xu Baoan Li Hailei Li 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2018,64(5):1783-1792
The heat‐transfer characteristics of polymer hollow fiber heat exchanger were investigated by analyzing the heat‐transfer coefficient (HTC) and the heat‐transfer resistance (HTR) distributions of both the lumen side and the shell side. The influences of the fiber wall thickness and the polymer thermal conductivity on the heat‐transfer performance were studied numerically based on the experimental validated simulation model. It is found that the original overall HTC value is below 1032 W/m2·K and the HTR is focus on the fiber wall. However, if enhancing the polymer thermal conductivity to be higher than 1.0 W/m·K and/or lowering the fiber wall thickness to be less than 0.1 mm, the overall HTC could be improved to over 2000 W/m2·K, which indicates that the fiber wall HTR is no longer the limiting factor of the polymer hollow fiber heat exchanger applications. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 1783–1792, 2018 相似文献
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复合材料在输电杆塔中的研究与应用 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
夏开全 《高科技纤维与应用》2005,30(5):19-23
综述了架空输电线路杆塔结构的应用现状及存在的问题,介绍了纤维增强复合材料(FRP)杆塔在国内外的研究进展和应用情况,从杆塔结构的技术、经济、环境与社会影响等方面对各种材料的输电杆塔进行了评述,展望了FRP在杆塔结构中的广阔应用前景。 相似文献
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Clare E Upton Catherine A Kelly Kevin M Shakesheff Steven M Howdle 《Polymer International》2007,56(12):1457-1460
Controlled‐release delivery systems are designed to prolong the release of drugs within the body. They consist of drug molecules encapsulated within biodegradable polymers which degrade safely into small, non‐toxic fragments, resulting in the release of the drug. Because different polymers have different degradation times, the system can be tailored to achieve the desired release rate and this can be very useful in treatments where daily dosing is required, such as epilepsy. Despite this obvious advantage, there are problems with this type of delivery, including an increased risk of overdosing. This article examines the pros and cons of controlled‐release drug‐delivery systems. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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以亚甲基蓝为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂.采用沉淀聚合法制备了亚甲基蓝分子印迹聚合物微球(MIP)。用扫描电镜表征了MIP的形貌,结果显示制备的MIP的粒径为1~3μm,粒径较为均匀。考察了MIP对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能,结果表明其吸附动力学过程可以用假二级吸附速率方程来描述,MIP对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附量为27.1mg/g,吸附效果较好,可以用于染料废水中亚甲基蓝的分离富集。 相似文献
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简述了静电纺丝装置的发展及其基本原理;介绍了静电纺丝制备碳纳米管/聚合物纳米复合纤维的技术进展,主要技术是碳纳米管在聚合基体中的分散性以及二者之间的界面结合力;详述了碳纳米管/聚丙烯腈纳米复合纤维和碳纳米管/聚氧乙烯(PEO)纳米复合纤维的制备及技术进展。指出今后应进一步发挥碳纳米管的性能,改进静电纺丝装置。 相似文献
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The pH-sensitive hollow poly(N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (P(MBAAm-co-MAA)) microspheres were prepared by a two-stage distillation precipitation polymerization to afford a core-shell poly(methacrylic acid)/poly(N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (PMAA/(P(MBAAm-co-MAA))) microsphere with subsequent removal of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) core. PMAA/P(MBAAm-co-MAA) core-shell microspheres were synthesized by the second-stage copolymerization of N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBAAm) as crosslinker and the functional methacrylic acid (MAA) comonomer in acetonitrile with 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The pH-responsive properties of hollow P(MBAAm-co-MAA) microspheres were investigated by dynamic laser scattering (DLS). The loading and controlled-release behavior of the drug for hollow P(MBAAm-co-MAA) microspheres was strongly dependent on the pH values with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR) as a model molecule. The core-shell and hollow polymer microspheres were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), DLS and elemental analysis. 相似文献
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The multilayer films of the carboxylic acid terminated Fréchet-type dendronized polymer (denpol) and poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) were fabricated using the electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique on planar substrates. The influence of pH and ionic strength of the polyelectrolyte dipping solutions on the fabrication of the PDDA/denpol multilayer films has been investigated in detail. AFM images showed that pH of the polyeletrolyte dipping solutions can obviously influence the surface morphology and roughness of the denpol layer in the multilayer films. We also use a preassembly method for incorporating water-insoluble molecule of pyrene into interior of denpol, and then fabricate the PDDA/pyrene-loaded denpol multilayer films. Moreover, we demonstrated that the loaded pyrenes can be released from the LbL films, which can be controlled by ionic strength of immersing solutions. Interestingly, the pyrene-released multilayer film can be used to reload pyrene when immersing the pyrene-released film into a saturated aqueous solution of pyrene. 相似文献
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Alesha N Harris Barbara R Hinojosa Montaleé D Chavious Robby A Petros 《Nanoscale research letters》2011,6(1):445
The field of drug delivery focuses primarily on delivering small organic molecules or DNA/RNA as therapeutics and has largely ignored the potential for delivering catalytically active transition metal ions and complexes. The delivery of a variety of transition metals has potential for inducing apoptosis in targeted cells. The chief aims of this work were the development of a suitable delivery vector for a prototypical transition metal, Cu2+, and demonstration of the ability to impact cancer cell viability via exposure to such a Cu-loaded vector. Carboxylate-functionalized nanoparticles were synthesized by free radical polymerization and were subsequently loaded with Cu2+ via binding to particle-bound carboxylate functional groups. Cu loading and release were characterized via ICP MS, EDX, XPS, and elemental analysis. Results demonstrated that Cu could be loaded in high weight percent (up to 16 wt.%) and that Cu was released from the particles in a pH-dependent manner. Metal release was a function of both pH and the presence of competing ligands. The toxicity of the particles was measured in HeLa cells where reductions in cell viability greater than 95% were observed at high Cu loading. The combined pH sensitivity and significant toxicity make this copper delivery vector an excellent candidate for the targeted killing of disease cells when combined with an effective cellular targeting strategy. 相似文献
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中空聚合物微球的制备及其在涂料中的应用 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
近年来,中空聚合物微球由于其独特的结构特点,表现出普通材料不具备的性能,引起研究者广泛的兴趣。阐述了当前合成中空聚合物微球的研究现状,并展望了中空聚合物微球在涂料中的应用前景。 相似文献
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We report on a neutron scattering study of the molecular structure of a self-assembled supramolecular polymer composed of a bicopper complex within a solution of a covalent polymer (atactic polystyrene/trans-decalin). The study is achieved by putting two binary phases in contact and allowing for diffusion of both components in either phase. It is shown that the one-dimensional bicopper filaments are compatible to a high extent with the atactic polymer. These results are discussed in the light of a recently devised encapsulation process of the bicopper filaments within the fibrils of a physical network of isotactic polystyrene. 相似文献
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In this work, we were interested in the study of the kinetic behavior of the reaction of drying soil representing the Marrakesh region (south of Morocco) in the presence of an superabsorbent polymer. The presence of a polymer in the soil diminished the kinetic drying of the soil, which will have as an application a reduction in water loss in the process of irrigation. The presence of a polymer in the soil enables a complete modification of the kinetic regimes controlling the soil‐drying kinetic. We also realized the first study of the behavior of certain selected plants in the melange of a soil and a polymer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 234–243, 2002 相似文献
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Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application. This response is poorly understood and so there exist inconsistencies in test results both between different laboratories and within the same laboratory. Standard reference materials and test protocols are essential. Analytical-scale supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been investigated as a potential standard test protocol for obtaining additives from polymer matrices. These extracts have been analysed for in-vitro cytotoxicity using standard cell culture techniques whose clinical relevance has already been established. 相似文献