自润滑活塞环导热特性研究

针对自润滑活塞环的摩擦热失效问题,通过建立二元填充体系导热系数计算有限元模型,研究了18组不同配方填充材料对自润滑活塞环导热系数的影响。研究结果表明复合材料导热系数与填料相含量成正比;填充颗粒形状及取向对复合材料导热系数影响较大,沿热流方向的颗粒特征长度越大,复合材料导热系数就越高。     

改性AlN/BN导热填料对玻璃纤维增强丁苯树脂复合材料性能的影响

采用KH570硅烷偶联剂在无水条件下对AlN和BN进行改性处理,并作为导热填料填充至玻璃纤维增强丁苯树脂复合材料中,研究了不同导热填料对复合材料吸水率、导热性能、介电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：2种导热填料的填充均会提高复合材料的吸水率,但相比于未改性填料,改性填料的填充对复合材料吸水率的提升幅度很小;随着改性AlN填充量的增加,复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗明显增加,介电性能下降,弯曲强度先增加后降低;随着改性BN填充量的增加,复合材料的介电常数增加,介电损耗降低,弯曲强度增大;2种改性导热填料均能提高复合材料的导热性能,与单组分填充相比,改性AlN和改性BN混杂填充对复合材料导热系数的提升作用更强。     

摩擦化学反应对环氧复合材料摩擦性能的影响

碳纤维和纳米粒子混杂填充环氧复合材料对其减摩耐磨性能的提高具有协同效用。为了研究其协同作用机制,用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对材料摩擦前后磨损面进行分析;用与扫描电镜联用的X射线能谱仪(EDS)对摩擦后的对偶面进行分析;用纳米闪光导热仪对材料的导热系数进行分析;用热分析仪对材料磨损面热性能进行分析。结果表明,复合材料中碳纤维增加了基体的导热性,纳米粒子增强了基体的力学性能,减弱了分子链的氧化降解反应,混杂填料兼备两方面的因素且互相促进,在提高复合材料的减摩耐磨性中表现出协同效应。     

颗粒弥散强化金属陶瓷材料传热特性研究

为解决现代工业制造中,颗粒弥散强化金属陶瓷复合材料有效导热系数测量困难、传统模型理论模型有缺陷,测不准等问题,将平均积分法和热阻串并联法应用到新模型之中。开展了界面热阻、颗粒性状和孔隙对复合材料有效导热系数影响的分析,建立了复合材料等效导热系数的通用表达式,在模型预测复合材料导热系数上提出了新的方法。然后对界面热阻、孔隙、颗粒形状等因素对复合材料导热系数的影响进行了评价。研究结果表明,在颗粒弥散强化陶瓷复合材料中,复合材料的有效导热系数随着填充颗粒的体积分数增大而增大,随着气孔率的增加而减小,随着填充颗粒的形状因子增大而增大;计算值与实验数据相吻合,误差小、模型适用范围广,证明了公式的正确性。     

SiO2包裹纳米Cu粒子/环氧树脂复合材料及其在芯片封装领域的应用

为提高微电子封装材料的散热性能并保留其良好的电绝缘性能,以环氧树脂为基体,二氧化硅包裹纳米铜粒子(SiO2-Cu)为填料,采用机械混炼法制备了芯片封装用SiO2-Cu环氧树脂复合材料。采用SEM和TEM研究了SiO2-Cu纳米粒子在环氧树脂中的分散情况;研究了填料对复合材料导热系数、热膨胀系数(CTE)和力学性能的影响。结果表明:SiO2-Cu纳米粒子在环氧树脂中分散性良好;复合材料的导热系数随SiO2-Cu纳米粒子填充量的增加而增大,填充量(体积分数)超过25%时导热系数开始下降,SiO2-Cu纳米粒子适宜用量为总体积的25%;随着填料的增加,复合材料的CTE减小;当SiO2-Cu纳米粒子填充量为25%时,用于芯片封装材料时具有良好的抗冲击性能和较长的电迁移失效时间。     

聚合物复合材料自润滑体系内外因素的摩擦学相互作用

从聚合物基复合材料在不同无润滑工况下的设计角度,讨论了高温、高压、高速、对偶、气体介质等外部因素对不同材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,分析了摩擦磨损机制,分析得出:由于填料、聚合物基体、对偶、工作介质之间存在着复杂的非线性相互作用,摩擦化学反应的程度与类型不同,不同填料填充聚合物基复合材料都有各自适用的摩擦系统,没有任何一种材料能适用于所有摩擦系统;指出目前摩擦学理论多建立在常温低压低速体系下,这与工程应用实际相脱节,对于复合材料在极端工况下的摩擦学机制、内外因素相互作用的研究,还有待进一步深入展开。     

SiCp/Al复合材料电火花加工材料去除率及电极损耗研究

SiCp/Al复合材料因同时具有铝基体和碳化硅颗粒的综合特性,因此在具有低密度,高导热率的同时还具备了高硬度等优良特性,在各领域中备受青睐。然而具有高硬度的脆性SiCp/Al复合材料,使得传统的接触加工方式因切削温度过高,刀具磨损严重和加工精度不满足要求等问题而难以进行,电火花加工通过电极与工件间的连续放电来蚀除材料属于非接触加工,因此常被用来加工SiCp/Al复合材料。在自行搭建的电火花加工试验台上,以SiCp/Al复合材料为对象开展工艺试验,研究了不同加工参数下材料蚀除率和电极损耗对加工过程的影响,并从复合材料的蚀除特性方面分析了影响加工的原因。     

赛龙SXL在海水环境下的吸湿和摩擦学行为

研究填料在赛龙SXL基体中的分布和形貌,考察赛龙SXL复合材料在纯水和海水环境下的吸湿行为和摩擦磨损性能,分析润滑介质、载荷、转速等参数对赛龙SXL摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,赛龙SXL的吸湿行为符合Langmuir模型,其在纯水中的吸湿率要大于在海水中的吸湿率;在相同试验条件下赛龙SXL在海水介质中比纯水介质均具有更好的润滑效果;海水和纯水润滑下,在赛龙SXL复合材料表面出现了独特的图案化现象,这种磨损图案的形成是赛龙XL磨损表面所受犁沟作用与摩擦热效应竞争平衡的结果。     

聚合物基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究进展

介绍了聚合物基复合材料结构与组成对其摩擦磨损特性影响方面的研究;分别讨论了不同聚合物基体、不同的填料及固体润滑剂对复合材料摩擦因数及磨损率的影响;讨论了表面处理技术、滑动速度、滑动距离、载荷、对磨面的特性及温度等条件对复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响,并探讨了其摩擦、磨损机理.     

石墨烯-铜复合材料的研究现状

石墨烯具有良好的导电、导热及机械性能,不仅可以作为各种功能材料的良好载体,还可以作为制备先进金属基复合材料的理想增强相,以提高金属材料的强度和韧性。此类复合材料作为活塞环或活塞销等高摩擦内燃机配件的制备基体具有良好的特性。本文总结了近几年来关于石墨烯-铜纳米复合材料的最新研究进展,主要从催化材料、润滑添加剂、传感器等实际应用方面讲述了不同方法制备铜纳米颗粒修饰石墨复合材料的发展.     

Tribological behaviour of epoxy based composites for rapid tooling

Epoxy resin composites are frequently applied in moulds manufactured with rapid tooling technologies that are used for wax and polymer materials injection. With the propose of enlarging the application field of the polymer matrix systems, it is fundamental to select adequate dispersed phases and analyse their influence on the composite properties in order to reinforce the polymer matrix and tailor the properties according to the tools specifications.Thermal conductivity and wear resistance are critical parameters for a good service performance and durability of the mould. Metallic fillers allow significant improvement in the resin thermal conductivity. In this work, it was possible to show that small amounts of milled fibres enhance the wear resistance, with little changes in the processability and in the allowed aluminium concentration in the resin matrix.A tribological study of these materials was performed involving the neat resin, the aluminium filled resin and tri-phase composites composed by epoxy, aluminium particles and milled glass or carbon fibres. The study was focused on the role of the particles and fibres in the friction and wear at room temperature and at a typical plastic injection temperature of 160 °C.     

Properties of composite scintillators based on severely deformed powder fillers

The scintillation characteristics of new composite scintillators based on a BC-600 organic polymer matrix and powder fillers were studied. The fillers were produced from severely deformed inorganic scintillators (namely, from alkali metal iodides). Occurrence of components with nanosecond and subnanosecond decay times was observed in scintillation pulses of composite scintillators.     

Synergetic effect of BN for the electrical conductivity of CNT/PAN composite fiber

Carbon nanotube (CNT) fillers in composite materials improve electrical conductivity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. Boron nitride (BN) is an insulating material that is also thermally stable. Therefore, CNT and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) fillers have been used to obtain composite materials’ high electrical conductivity. In this study, CNT-hBN/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were spun using simple wet-spinning and the effect of hBN on the electrical conductivity of the CNT-hBN/PAN composite was investigated. Contrary to predictions, as the content of the insulating material, BN, increased up to 15 wt%, the electrical resistance of the composite fiber decreased.

     

微注塑散热器流动诱导热导率变化的多尺度数值预测

为进一步提高聚合物复合材料热导率,采用多尺度数值预测法研究了微注塑聚酰胺/碳纤维(PA66/CFs)散热器内部CF的流动诱导取向及其对制品热导率的影响规律。首先,利用Moldflow获取CF取向张量,并以Comsol Multiphysics构建与之对应的复合材料微元胞。利用正交实验法研究熔体温度、模具温度、最大注射压力及注射流率对微散热器热导率的影响。然后,对预测数据进行分析获得最优注塑参数组合。最后,对优化结果进行模拟实验,验证了多尺度数值预测法的有效性。结果显示:上述各参数重要程度由大到小依次排列为熔体温度、注射流率、最大注射压力和模具温度;最佳组合为熔体温度360℃、模具温度70℃、最大注射压力220 MPa及注射流率3×10–4 cm3/s。另外,流动诱导热导率变化最大值达0.36 W/(m·K),为基体热导率的1.5倍。得到的研究结果为从工艺调控的新角度来改善聚合物复合材料的导热性能提供了理论依据与数据支撑。     

Study of carbon fibres and carbon–carbon composites by scanning thermal microscopy

Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) is a relatively new technique based on atomic force microscopy in which the tip is replaced by an ultra‐miniature temperature probe. This paper reports on a preliminary investigation of the application of SThM in the characterization of the thermal properties of carbon fibres and carbon–carbon (CC) composites. The technique enabled a comparative study to be made of discrete fibre and matrix thermal properties in a series of model unidirectional composites. The thermal images revealed a marked increase in thermal conductivity of the matrix with increasing temperature of treatment and hence confirmed the development of a highly ordered carbon matrix. The results were in qualitative agreement with previously determined values of thermal conductivity from which the separate values of fibre and matrix thermal conductivity had been derived. The technique was also applied to the characterization of samples of unknown processing history, enabling an estimation to be made of the heat treatment and type of the fibres and matrix present in the composite. It was concluded that SThM promises to be a powerful technique for the study of the thermal properties of CC composites and carbon fibres, as it uniquely enables variations in local thermal conductivity to be detected and resolved. Absolute quantification of the technique remains the key to its future widespread acceptance in materials characterization.     

Analysis of thermal conductivity in HI-LEDs lighting materials

The present study devised a measurement system to estimate the thermal conductivity of electronic product materials, especially in HILEDs lighting materials, exhibiting distinct thermal characteristics by conducting thermal performance experiments and theoretical analyses. First, steady-state conduction analysis with thermal resistance method was investigated on three composite material substrates of unknown heat conduction coefficients through a substrate material named Bakelite of low thermal conductivity revealing stable quality. Second, one-dimension semi-infinite transient conduction analysis was utilized to investigate metal materials with high thermal conductivities. Results showed that the Bakelite experimental module was verified for 62.5 % of the original wattages, which closest to the thermal conductivity 0.233 W/m-K of the Bakelite. And these composite materials M1, M2 and M3 composed of polymer and epoxy were 1.311, 0.844 and 2.403 W/m-K, respectively. The thermal performance experiments were investigated and the results have proved the correctness of the theoretical model. According to the experimental results, calculating the temperature value of the metal materials comprising cotton insulation and the transient analysis, this study determined the temperature error to be less 20 %. Consequently, a transient measurement system and method for metal materials with high heat conduction coefficients was established. Finally, the results of this work are the useful thermal conductivity method to facilitate rapid analysis in the future.

     

A study on rigid foam/evacuated powder composite panels for thermal insulation

The present study investigates the feasibility of a composite panel: a series of individually evacuated panels incapsulated in a rigid closed cell foam matrix. The panels were encapsulated in a thin glass sheet barrier to preserve the vacuum. Glass has been chosen as the barrier material because it has a relatively low thermal conductivity and it is effectively impermeable to all gases. Low cost perlite powder has also been used, because its thermal conductivity is very similar to the thermal conductivity of other finer and more expensive powders, such as silica provided that low pressures are maintained within the panel by using a glass gas permeation barrier. The individual plastic-enclosed evacuated powder panels encapsulated in a thin glass barrier, have been put together in a matrix structure so that even if one individual panel is punctured or damaged, the insulating performance of the entire matrix is not significantly affected. Individual powder panels were produced and tested in this study. The thermal conductivity of the individual panel was found to be 0.0062 W/m·K. The composite foam block with embedded vacuum panels achieved an overall thermal conductivity of 0.01656 W/m·K for a 4.2 cm thick composite block. The polyurethane foam used above foam block had a thermal conductivity of 0.024 W/m·K. Numerical analysis has indicated that by using low conductivity foam and more optimal vacuum panel geometries, much lower overall conductivities can be achieved.     

多壁碳纳米管改性UHMWPE的热膨胀和摩擦学性能研究

为了降低摩擦副用聚合物的热膨胀系数,用多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)改性超高分子量聚乙烯(UHM-WPE),通过热压成型法制备MWCNTs/UHMWPE复合材料.通过测量电导率计算渗流阈值来表征分散性;用热膨胀仪(DIL)测试复合材料的热膨胀率,并在干摩擦环境下,测试不同MWCNTs含量复合材料的摩擦学性能.结果表明:通...     

倒车雷达用双组分缩合型有机硅胶的研制

介绍了倒车雷达用胶的种类、主要区别和各自优势。讨论了α-ω二羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷、粉剂和交联剂、偶联剂对硅橡胶性能的影响，结果表明采用粒径粗细不同的导热粉料进行搭配可获得较好导热性和良好流动性能的缩合型硅橡胶。选用四官能团的交联剂有助于协助提高导热率。KH550／KH792偶联剂和乙烯基偶联剂联合使用能够提高体系对铝和PC粘接性能。     

辐照交联对聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

以多官能团单体为敏化剂,制备了交联的聚丙烯／有机蒙脱土复合材料,讨论了辐照处理对复合材料性能的影响,用SEM、TGA和DSC等方法对所制得的复合材料的形态结构进行表征。结果表明：通过辐照处理,可以使聚丙烯基体与有机蒙脱土间的相容性增加,两者间的界面相互作用得到了加强,使材料的弹性模量上升,断裂伸长率明显下降,整体强度有所上升,材料缺口敏感性增加,缺口冲击强度下降。